Fix threads count setting

Was broken after "Optimal tune for 8 cores" patch.

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>

Readme.txt

@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
 
 Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
 not a complete chess program, but requires some UCI compatible GUI
-(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Josè, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
+(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Jos<EFBFBD>, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
 Chess Partner, or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably.  Read the
 documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
 Stockfish with your GUI.
 
-This version of Stockfish supports up to 32 CPUs, but has not been
-tested thoroughly with more than 4.  The program tries to detect the
+This version of Stockfish supports up to 8 CPUs, but has not been
+tested thoroughly with more than 2.  The program tries to detect the
 number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
 accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
 correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
 3. Opening books
 ----------------
 
-This version of Stockfish has support for PolyGlot opening books.
-For information about how to create such books, consult the PolyGlot
-documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the UCI
-parameter "Book File".
+This version of Stockfish has experimental support for PolyGlot opening
+books. For information about how to create such books, consult the
+PolyGlot documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the
+UCI parameter "Book File".
 
 
 4. Compiling it yourself
@@ -60,12 +60,9 @@ Stockfish has POPCNT instruction runtime detection and support. This can
 give an extra speed on Core i7 or similar systems. To enable this feature
 compile with 'make icc-profile-popcnt'
 
-On 64 bit systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used for bit
-counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you experience
-compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
-
-In general is recommended to run 'make help' to see a list of make targets
-with corresponding descriptions.
+On 64 bit Unix-like systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used
+for bit counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you
+experience compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
 
 
 5. Terms of use
@@ -86,3 +83,8 @@ source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
 For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
 Copying.txt.
 
+
+6. Feedback
+-----------
+
+The author's e-mail address is mcostalba@gmail.com

polyglot.ini

@@ -1,39 +1,63 @@
-
-[PolyGlot]
-
-EngineDir = .
-EngineCommand = ./stockfish
-
-Book = false
-BookFile = book.bin
-
-Log = false
-LogFile = stockfish.log
-
-Resign = true
-ResignScore = 600
-
-[Engine]
-
-Hash = 128
-Threads = 1
-OwnBook = false
-Book File = book.bin
-Best Book Move = false
-Use Search Log = false
-Search Log Filename = SearchLog.txt
-Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
-Mobility (Endgame) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
-Space = 100
-Aggressiveness = 100
-Cowardice = 100
-Minimum Split Depth = 4
-Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5
-Use Sleeping Threads = false
-Skill Level = 20
-Emergency Move Horizon = 40
-Emergency Base Time = 200
-Emergency Move Time = 70
-Minimum Thinking Time = 20
+
+[PolyGlot]
+
+EngineDir = .
+EngineCommand = ./stockfish
+
+Book = false
+BookFile = book.bin
+
+Log = true
+LogFile = stockfish.log
+
+Resign = true
+ResignScore = 600
+
+[Engine]
+
+Hash = 128
+Threads = 1
+OwnBook = false
+Book File = book.bin
+Use Search Log = false
+Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
+Mobility (Endgame) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Middle Game) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Endgame) = 100
+Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
+Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
+Aggressiveness = 100
+Cowardice = 100
+King Safety Curve = Quadratic
+Quadratic = Linear
+King Safety Coefficient = 40
+King Safety X Intercept = 0
+King Safety Max Slope = 30
+King Safety Max Value = 500
+Queen Contact Check Bonus = 3
+Queen Check Bonus = 2
+Rook Check Bonus = 1
+Bishop Check Bonus = 1
+Knight Check Bonus = 1
+Discovered Check Bonus = 3
+Mate Threat Bonus = 3
+Check Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Check Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
+Single Reply Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
+Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes) = 0
+Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
+Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes) = 1
+Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
+Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes) = 1
+Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
+Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
+Full Depth Moves (PV nodes) = 14
+Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes) = 3
+Threat Depth = 5
+Futility Pruning (Main Search) = true
+Futility Pruning (Quiescence Search) = true
+Randomness = 0
+Minimum Split Depth = 4
+Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5

src/COPYING

@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
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+patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
+this License.
+
+  Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
+patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
+make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
+propagate the contents of its contributor version.
+
+  In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
+agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
+(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
+sue for patent infringement).  To "grant" such a patent license to a
+party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
+patent against the party.
+
+  If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
+and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
+to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
+publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
+then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
+available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
+patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
+consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
+license to downstream recipients.  "Knowingly relying" means you have
+actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
+covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
+in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
+country that you have reason to believe are valid.
+
+  If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
+arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
+covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
+receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
+or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
+you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
+work and works based on it.
+
+  A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
+the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
+conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
+specifically granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered
+work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
+in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
+to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
+the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
+parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
+patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
+conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
+for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
+contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
+or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
+
+  Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+  12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+
+  If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey a
+covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
+License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
+not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
+to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
+the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
+License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
+
+  13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+
+  Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
+permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
+under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
+combined work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this
+License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
+but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
+section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
+combination as such.
+
+  14. Revised Versions of this License.
+
+  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
+the GNU General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
+  Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the
+Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
+Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
+option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
+version or of any later version published by the Free Software
+Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
+GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
+by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+  If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
+versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
+public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
+to choose that version for the Program.
+
+  Later license versions may give you additional or different
+permissions.  However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
+author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
+later version.
+
+  15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
+  THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
+OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
+IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+  16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+  IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+  If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
+<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.

src/Makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-# Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-# Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+# Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Tord Romstad
+# Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+
+# This file is part of Stockfish.
 #
 # Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -16,510 +18,297 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
-### ==========================================================================
-### Section 1. General Configuration
-### ==========================================================================
-
-### Executable name
+### Executable name. Do not change
 EXE = stockfish
 
-### Installation dir definitions
-PREFIX = /usr/local
-BINDIR = $(PREFIX)/bin
 
-### Built-in benchmark for pgo-builds
+### ==========================================================================
+### Compiler speed switches for both GCC and ICC. These settings are generally
+### fast on a broad range of systems, but may be changed experimentally
+### ==========================================================================
+GCCFLAGS = -O3 -msse
+ICCFLAGS = -fast -msse
+ICCFLAGS-OSX = -fast -mdynamic-no-pic
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Enable/disable debugging, disabled by default
+### ==========================================================================
+GCCFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+ICCFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+ICCFLAGS-OSX += -DNDEBUG
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Remove below comments to compile for a big-endian machine
+### ==========================================================================
+#GCCFLAGS += -DBIGENDIAN
+#ICCFLAGS += -DBIGENDIAN
+#ICCFLAGS-OSX += -DBIGENDIAN
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Run built-in benchmark for pgo-builds with:  32MB hash  1 thread  10 depth
+### These settings are generally fast, but may be changed experimentally
+### ==========================================================================
 PGOBENCH = ./$(EXE) bench 32 1 10 default depth
 
-### Object files
-OBJS = benchmark.o bitbase.o bitboard.o book.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
-	material.o misc.o move.o movegen.o movepick.o pawns.o position.o \
-	search.o thread.o timeman.o tt.o uci.o ucioption.o
 
-### ==========================================================================
-### Section 2. High-level Configuration
-### ==========================================================================
-#
-# flag                --- Comp switch --- Description
-# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-#
-# debug = no/yes      --- -DNDEBUG    --- Enable/Disable debug mode
-# optimize = yes/no   --- (-O3/-fast etc.) --- Enable/Disable optimizations
-# arch = (name)       --- (-arch)     --- Target architecture
-# os = (name)         ---             --- Target operating system
-# bits = 64/32        --- -DIS_64BIT  --- 64-/32-bit operating system
-# bigendian = no/yes  --- -DBIGENDIAN --- big/little-endian byte order
-# prefetch = no/yes   --- -DUSE_PREFETCH  --- Use prefetch x86 asm-instruction
-# bsfq = no/yes       --- -DUSE_BSFQ  --- Use bsfq x86_64 asm-instruction
-#                                     --- (Works only with GCC and ICC 64-bit)
-# popcnt = no/yes     --- -DUSE_POPCNT --- Use popcnt x86_64 asm-instruction
-#
-# Note that Makefile is space sensitive, so when adding new architectures
-# or modifying existing flags, you have to make sure there are no extra spaces
-# at the end of the line for flag values.
-
-### 2.1. General
-debug = no
-optimize = yes
-
-### 2.2 Architecture specific
-
-# General-section
-ifeq ($(ARCH),general-64)
-	arch = any
-	os = any
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),general-32)
-	arch = any
-	os = any
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-64)
-	arch = any
-	os = any
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = yes
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-32)
-	arch = any
-	os = any
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = yes
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-# x86-section
-ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64)
-	arch = x86_64
-	os = any
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = yes
-	bsfq = yes
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64-modern)
-	arch = x86_64
-	os = any
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = yes
-	bsfq = yes
-	popcnt = yes
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32)
-	arch = i386
-	os = any
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = yes
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32-old)
-	arch = i386
-	os = any
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-# osx-section
-ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-64)
-	arch = ppc64
-	os = osx
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = yes
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-32)
-	arch = ppc
-	os = osx
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = yes
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-64)
-	arch = x86_64
-	os = osx
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = yes
-	bsfq = yes
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-32)
-	arch = i386
-	os = osx
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = yes
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
+### General compiler settings. Do not change
+GCCFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti
+ICCFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
+ICCFLAGS-OSX += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
 
 
-### ==========================================================================
-### Section 3. Low-level configuration
-### ==========================================================================
+### General linker settings. Do not change
+LDFLAGS  = -lpthread
 
-### 3.1 Selecting compiler (default = gcc)
-ifeq ($(COMP),)
-	COMP=gcc
-endif
 
-ifeq ($(COMP),mingw)
-	comp=mingw
-	CXX=g++
-	profile_prepare = gcc-profile-prepare
-	profile_make = gcc-profile-make
-	profile_use = gcc-profile-use
-	profile_clean = gcc-profile-clean
-endif
+### Object files. Do not change
+OBJS = application.o bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
+	misc.o move.o movegen.o history.o movepick.o search.o piece.o \
+	position.o direction.o tt.o value.o uci.o ucioption.o \
+	mersenne.o book.o bitbase.o san.o benchmark.o
 
-ifeq ($(COMP),gcc)
-	comp=gcc
-	CXX=g++
-	profile_prepare = gcc-profile-prepare
-	profile_make = gcc-profile-make
-	profile_use = gcc-profile-use
-	profile_clean = gcc-profile-clean
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(COMP),icc)
-	comp=icc
-	CXX=icpc
-	profile_prepare = icc-profile-prepare
-	profile_make = icc-profile-make
-	profile_use = icc-profile-use
-	profile_clean = icc-profile-clean
-endif
-
-### 3.2 General compiler settings
-CXXFLAGS = -g -Wall -Wcast-qual -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti $(EXTRACXXFLAGS)
-
-ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
-	CXXFLAGS += -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -Wextra -Wshadow
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
-	CXXFLAGS += -Wextra -Wshadow
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(comp),icc)
-	CXXFLAGS += -wd383,981,1418,1419,10187,10188,11505,11503 -Wcheck -Wabi -Wdeprecated -strict-ansi
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(os),osx)
-	CXXFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
-endif
-
-### 3.3 General linker settings
-LDFLAGS = -lpthread $(EXTRALDFLAGS)
-
-ifeq ($(os),osx)
-	LDFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
-endif
-
-### 3.4 Debugging
-ifeq ($(debug),no)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
-endif
-
-### 3.5 Optimization
-ifeq ($(optimize),yes)
-
-	ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
-		CXXFLAGS += -O3
-
-		ifeq ($(os),osx)
-			ifeq ($(arch),i386)
-				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
-			endif
-			ifeq ($(arch),x86_64)
-				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
-			endif
-		endif
-	endif
-
-	ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
-		CXXFLAGS += -O3
-	endif
-
-	ifeq ($(comp),icc)
-		ifeq ($(os),osx)
-			CXXFLAGS += -fast -mdynamic-no-pic
-		else
-			CXXFLAGS += -O3
-		endif
-	endif
-endif
-
-### 3.6. Bits
-ifeq ($(bits),64)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DIS_64BIT
-endif
-
-### 3.7 Endianess
-ifeq ($(bigendian),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DBIGENDIAN
-endif
-
-### 3.8 prefetch
-ifeq ($(prefetch),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -msse
-	DEPENDFLAGS += -msse
-else
-	CXXFLAGS += -DNO_PREFETCH
-endif
-
-### 3.9 bsfq
-ifeq ($(bsfq),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_BSFQ
-endif
-
-### 3.10 popcnt
-ifeq ($(popcnt),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_POPCNT
-endif
-
-### ==========================================================================
-### Section 4. Public targets
-### ==========================================================================
 
+### General rules. Do not change
 default:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) build
+	$(MAKE) gcc
 
 help:
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "To compile stockfish, type: "
+	@echo "Makefile options:"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "make target ARCH=arch [COMP=comp]"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Supported targets:"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "build                > Build unoptimized version"
-	@echo "profile-build        > Build PGO-optimized version"
-	@echo "popcnt-profile-build > Build PGO-optimized version with optional popcnt-support"
-	@echo "strip                > Strip executable"
-	@echo "install              > Install executable"
-	@echo "clean                > Clean up"
-	@echo "testrun              > Make sample run"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Supported archs:"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "x86-64               > x86 64-bit"
-	@echo "x86-64-modern        > x86 64-bit with runtime support for popcnt-instruction"
-	@echo "x86-32               > x86 32-bit excluding very old hardware without SSE-support"
-	@echo "x86-32-old           > x86 32-bit including also very old hardware"
-	@echo "osx-ppc-64           > PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit"
-	@echo "osx-ppc-32           > PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit"
-	@echo "osx-x86-64           > x86-Mac OS X 64 bit"
-	@echo "osx-x86-32           > x86-Mac OS X 32 bit"
-	@echo "general-64           > unspecified 64-bit"
-	@echo "general-32           > unspecified 32-bit"
-	@echo "bigendian-64         > unspecified 64-bit with bigendian byte order"
-	@echo "bigendian-32         > unspecified 32-bit with bigendian byte order"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Supported comps:"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "gcc                  > Gnu compiler (default)"
-	@echo "icc                  > Intel compiler"
-	@echo "mingw                > Gnu compiler with MinGW under Windows"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Non-standard targets:"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "make hpux           >  Compile for HP-UX. Compiler = aCC"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Examples. If you don't know what to do, you likely want to run: "
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-64    (This is for 64-bit systems)"
-	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-32    (This is for 32-bit systems)"
+	@echo "make                >  Default: Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make gcc-popcnt     >  Compiler = g++ + popcnt-support"
+	@echo "make icc            >  Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "make icc-profile    >  Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "make icc-profile-popcnt >  Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build + popcnt-support"
+	@echo "make osx-ppc32      >  PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-ppc64      >  PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-x86        >  x86-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-x86_64     >  x86-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-icc32      >  x86-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "make osx-icc64      >  x86-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "make osx-icc32-profile > OSX 32 bit. Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "make osx-icc64-profile > OSX 64 bit. Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "make strip          >  Strip executable"
+	@echo "make clean          >  Clean up"
 	@echo ""
 
-build:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) all
+all: $(EXE) .depend
 
-profile-build:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 0/4. Preparing for profile build."
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 1/4. Building executable for benchmark ..."
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 2/4. Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
-	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 3/4. Building final executable ..."
-	@touch *.cpp
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 4/4. Deleting profile data ..."
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
+clean:
+	$(RM) *.o .depend *~ $(EXE)
 
-popcnt-profile-build:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 0/6. Preparing for profile build."
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 1/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt disabled)..."
+
+### Possible targets. You may add your own ones here
+gcc:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	all
+
+gcc-popcnt:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS) -DUSE_POPCNT" \
+	all
+
+
+icc:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
 	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64 COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-make
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 2/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt disabled)..."
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
 	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 3/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt enabled)..."
 	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64-modern COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-use
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+
+icc-profile-make-with-popcnt:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS) -DUSE_POPCNT" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-use-with-popcnt:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS) -DUSE_POPCNT" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-popcnt:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-make
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 4/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt enabled)..."
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt disabled)..."
 	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 5/6. Building final executable ..."
 	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-make-with-popcnt
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 6/6. Deleting profile data ..."
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt enabled)..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmarks finished. Build final executable now ..."
 	@echo ""
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-use-with-popcnt
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+
+
+osx-ppc32:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch ppc' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch ppc' \
+	all
+
+osx-ppc64:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch ppc64' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch ppc64' \
+	all
+
+osx-x86:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-x86_64:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+	
+osx-icc32:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc64:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc32-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_gen -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc32-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc32-profile:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc32-profile-make
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc32-profile-use
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+
+osx-icc64-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_gen -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc64-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc64-profile:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc64-profile-make
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc64-profile-use
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+
+
 
 strip:
 	strip $(EXE)
 
-install:
-	-mkdir -p -m 755 $(BINDIR)
-	-cp $(EXE) $(BINDIR)
-	-strip $(BINDIR)/$(EXE)
-
-clean:
-	$(RM) $(EXE) $(EXE).exe *.o .depend *~ core bench.txt *.gcda
-
-testrun:
-	@$(PGOBENCH)
-
-### ==========================================================================
-### Section 5. Private targets
-### ==========================================================================
-
-all: $(EXE) .depend
-
-config-sanity:
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Config:"
-	@echo "debug: '$(debug)'"
-	@echo "optimize: '$(optimize)'"
-	@echo "arch: '$(arch)'"
-	@echo "os: '$(os)'"
-	@echo "bits: '$(bits)'"
-	@echo "bigendian: '$(bigendian)'"
-	@echo "prefetch: '$(prefetch)'"
-	@echo "bsfq: '$(bsfq)'"
-	@echo "popcnt: '$(popcnt)'"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Flags:"
-	@echo "CXX: $(CXX)"
-	@echo "CXXFLAGS: $(CXXFLAGS)"
-	@echo "LDFLAGS: $(LDFLAGS)"
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Testing config sanity. If this fails, try 'make help' ..."
-	@echo ""
-	@test "$(debug)" = "yes" || test "$(debug)" = "no"
-	@test "$(optimize)" = "yes" || test "$(optimize)" = "no"
-	@test "$(arch)" = "any" || test "$(arch)" = "x86_64" || test "$(arch)" = "i386" || \
-	 test "$(arch)" = "ppc64" || test "$(arch)" = "ppc"
-	@test "$(os)" = "any" || test "$(os)" = "osx"
-	@test "$(bits)" = "32" || test "$(bits)" = "64"
-	@test "$(bigendian)" = "yes" || test "$(bigendian)" = "no"
-	@test "$(prefetch)" = "yes" || test "$(prefetch)" = "no"
-	@test "$(bsfq)" = "yes" || test "$(bsfq)" = "no"
-	@test "$(popcnt)" = "yes" || test "$(popcnt)" = "no"
-	@test "$(comp)" = "gcc" || test "$(comp)" = "icc" || test "$(comp)" = "mingw"
 
+### Compilation. Do not change
 $(EXE): $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS)
+	$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS)
 
-gcc-profile-prepare:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) gcc-profile-clean
-
-gcc-profile-make:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
-	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-generate' \
-	EXTRALDFLAGS='-lgcov' \
-	all
-
-gcc-profile-use:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
-	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-use' \
-	all
-
-gcc-profile-clean:
-	@rm -rf *.gcda *.gcno bench.txt
-
-icc-profile-prepare:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) icc-profile-clean
-	@mkdir profdir
-
-icc-profile-make:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
-	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	all
-
-icc-profile-use:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
-	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	all
-
-icc-profile-clean:
-	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
 
+### Dependencies. Do not change
 .depend:
-	-@$(CXX) $(DEPENDFLAGS) -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@ 2> /dev/null
-
--include .depend
-
-
-### ==========================================================================
-### Section 6. Non-standard targets
-### ==========================================================================
-
-hpux:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='/opt/aCC/bin/aCC -AA +hpxstd98 -DBIGENDIAN -mt +O3 -DNDEBUG -DNO_PREFETCH' \
-	CXXFLAGS="" \
-	LDFLAGS="" \
-	all
+	$(CXX) -msse -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@
 
+include .depend

src/application.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "direction.h"
+#include "endgame.h"
+#include "evaluate.h"
+#include "material.h"
+#include "mersenne.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "movepick.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "ucioption.h"
+
+
+/// Application class is in charge of initializing global resources
+/// at startup and cleanly releases them when program terminates.
+
+Application::Application() {
+
+    init_mersenne();
+    init_direction_table();
+    init_bitboards();
+    init_uci_options();
+    Position::init_zobrist();
+    Position::init_piece_square_tables();
+    init_eval(1);
+    init_bitbases();
+    init_threads();
+
+    // Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
+    for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
+        genrand_int32();
+}
+
+Application::~Application() {
+
+  stop_threads();
+  quit_eval();
+}
+
+void Application::initialize() {
+
+  // A static Application object is allocated
+  // once only when this function is called.
+  static Application singleton;
+}
+
+void Application::exit_with_failure() {
+
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE); // d'tor will be called automatically
+}

src/application.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,23 +17,23 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#if !defined(TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED)
-#define TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED
 
-struct SearchLimits;
+#if !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)
+#define APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED
+
+
+/// Singleton class used to housekeep memory and global resources
+/// so to be sure we always leave in a clean state.
+
+class Application {
+
+  Application();
+  Application(const Application&);
+ ~Application();
 
-class TimeManager {
 public:
-
-  void init(const SearchLimits& limits, int currentPly);
-  void pv_instability(int curChanges, int prevChanges);
-  int available_time() const { return optimumSearchTime + unstablePVExtraTime; }
-  int maximum_time() const { return maximumSearchTime; }
-
-private:
-  int optimumSearchTime;
-  int maximumSearchTime;
-  int unstablePVExtraTime;
+  static void initialize();
+  static void exit_with_failure();
 };
 
-#endif // !defined(TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)

src/benchmark.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,20 +17,29 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 #include <fstream>
-#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "position.h"
+#include "benchmark.h"
 #include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-static const string Defaults[] = {
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1",
-  "r3k2r/p1ppqpb1/bn2pnp1/3PN3/1p2P3/2N2Q1p/PPPBBPPP/R3K2R w KQkq -",
-  "8/2p5/3p4/KP5r/1R3p1k/8/4P1P1/8 w - -",
+  "r4rk1/1b2qppp/p1n1p3/1p6/1b1PN3/3BRN2/PP3PPP/R2Q2K1 b - - 7 16",
+  "4r1k1/ppq3pp/3b4/2pP4/2Q1p3/4B1P1/PP5P/R5K1 b - - 0 20",
   "4rrk1/pp1n3p/3q2pQ/2p1pb2/2PP4/2P3N1/P2B2PP/4RRK1 b - - 7 19",
   "rq3rk1/ppp2ppp/1bnpb3/3N2B1/3NP3/7P/PPPQ1PP1/2KR3R w - - 7 14",
   "r1bq1r1k/1pp1n1pp/1p1p4/4p2Q/4Pp2/1BNP4/PPP2PPP/3R1RK1 w - - 2 14",
@@ -42,112 +51,131 @@ static const string Defaults[] = {
   "r1bq1r1k/b1p1npp1/p2p3p/1p6/3PP3/1B2NN2/PP3PPP/R2Q1RK1 w - - 1 16",
   "3r1rk1/p5pp/bpp1pp2/8/q1PP1P2/b3P3/P2NQRPP/1R2B1K1 b - - 6 22",
   "r1q2rk1/2p1bppp/2Pp4/p6b/Q1PNp3/4B3/PP1R1PPP/2K4R w - - 2 18",
-  "4k2r/1pb2ppp/1p2p3/1R1p4/3P4/2r1PN2/P4PPP/1R4K1 b - - 3 22",
-  "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26",
-  ""
+  "4k2r/1pb2ppp/1p2p3/1R1p4/3P4/2r1PN2/P4PPP/1R4K1 b  - 3 22",
+  "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26"
 };
 
 
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
 /// benchmark() runs a simple benchmark by letting Stockfish analyze a set
-/// of positions for a given limit each.  There are five parameters; the
+/// of positions for a given time each.  There are four parameters; the
 /// transposition table size, the number of search threads that should
-/// be used, the limit value spent for each position (optional, default
-/// is ply 12), an optional file name where to look for positions in fen
-/// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above) and the type
-/// of the limit value: depth (default), time in secs or number of nodes.
+/// be used, the time in seconds spent for each position (optional, default
+/// is 60) and an optional file name where to look for positions in fen
+/// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above).
 /// The analysis is written to a file named bench.txt.
 
-void benchmark(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
 
-  vector<string> fenList;
-  SearchLimits limits;
-  int64_t totalNodes;
-  int time;
+  istringstream csVal(commandLine);
+  istringstream csStr(commandLine);
+  string ttSize, threads, fileName, limitType, timFile;
+  int val, secsPerPos, maxDepth, maxNodes;
 
-  // Load default positions
-  for (int i = 0; !Defaults[i].empty(); i++)
-      fenList.push_back(Defaults[i]);
+  csStr >> ttSize;
+  csVal >> val;
+  if (val < 4 || val > 1024)
+  {
+      cerr << "The hash table size must be between 4 and 1024" << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
+  }
+  csStr >> threads;
+  csVal >> val;
+  if (val < 1 || val > THREAD_MAX)
+  {
+      cerr << "The number of threads must be between 1 and " << THREAD_MAX << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
+  }
+  set_option_value("Hash", ttSize);
+  set_option_value("Threads", threads);
+  set_option_value("OwnBook", "false");
+  set_option_value("Use Search Log", "true");
+  set_option_value("Search Log Filename", "bench.txt");
 
-  // Assign default values to missing arguments
-  string ttSize  = argc > 2 ? argv[2] : "128";
-  string threads = argc > 3 ? argv[3] : "1";
-  string valStr  = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "12";
-  string fenFile = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-  string valType = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "depth";
+  csVal >> val;
+  csVal >> fileName;
+  csVal >> limitType;
+  csVal >> timFile;
 
-  Options["Hash"].set_value(ttSize);
-  Options["Threads"].set_value(threads);
-  Options["OwnBook"].set_value("false");
+  secsPerPos = maxDepth = maxNodes = 0;
 
-  // Search should be limited by nodes, time or depth ?
-  if (valType == "nodes")
-      limits.maxNodes = atoi(valStr.c_str());
-  else if (valType == "time")
-      limits.maxTime = 1000 * atoi(valStr.c_str()); // maxTime is in ms
+  if (limitType == "time")
+      secsPerPos = val * 1000;
+  else if (limitType == "depth" || limitType == "perft")
+      maxDepth = val;
   else
-      limits.maxDepth = atoi(valStr.c_str());
+      maxNodes = val;
 
-  // Do we need to load positions from a given FEN file ?
-  if (fenFile != "default")
+  vector<string> positions;
+
+  if (fileName != "default")
   {
-      string fen;
-      ifstream f(fenFile.c_str());
-
-      if (f.is_open())
+      ifstream fenFile(fileName.c_str());
+      if (!fenFile.is_open())
       {
-          fenList.clear();
-
-          while (getline(f, fen))
-              if (!fen.empty())
-                  fenList.push_back(fen);
-
-          f.close();
+          cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << fileName << endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
       }
-      else
+      string pos;
+      while (fenFile.good())
       {
-          cerr << "Unable to open FEN file " << fenFile << endl;
-          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+          getline(fenFile, pos);
+          if (!pos.empty())
+              positions.push_back(pos);
+      }
+      fenFile.close();
+  } else
+      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+          positions.push_back(string(BenchmarkPositions[i]));
+
+  ofstream timingFile;
+  if (!timFile.empty())
+  {
+      timingFile.open(timFile.c_str(), ios::out | ios::app);
+      if (!timingFile.is_open())
+      {
+          cerr << "Unable to open timing file " << timFile << endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
       }
   }
 
-  // Ok, let's start the benchmark !
-  totalNodes = 0;
-  time = get_system_time();
+  vector<string>::iterator it;
+  int cnt = 1;
+  int64_t totalNodes = 0;
+  int startTime = get_system_time();
 
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < fenList.size(); i++)
+  for (it = positions.begin(); it != positions.end(); ++it, ++cnt)
   {
-      Move moves[] = { MOVE_NONE };
-      Position pos(fenList[i], false, 0);
-
-      cerr << "\nBench position: " << i + 1 << '/' << fenList.size() << endl;
-
-      if (valType == "perft")
-      {
-          int64_t cnt = perft(pos, limits.maxDepth * ONE_PLY);
-          totalNodes += cnt;
-
-          cerr << "\nPerft " << limits.maxDepth << " nodes counted: " << cnt << endl;
-      }
-      else
-      {
-          if (!think(pos, limits, moves))
-              break;
-
-          totalNodes += pos.nodes_searched();
-      }
+      Move moves[1] = {MOVE_NONE};
+      int dummy[2] = {0, 0};
+      Position pos(*it);
+      cerr << "\nBench position: " << cnt << '/' << positions.size() << endl << endl;
+      if (limitType == "perft")
+          totalNodes += perft(pos, maxDepth * OnePly);
+      else if (!think(pos, false, false, 0, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves))
+          break;
+      totalNodes += nodes_searched();
   }
 
-  time = get_system_time() - time;
-
-  cerr << "\n==============================="
-       << "\nTotal time (ms) : " << time
+  cnt = get_system_time() - startTime;
+  cerr << "==============================="
+       << "\nTotal time (ms) : " << cnt
        << "\nNodes searched  : " << totalNodes
-       << "\nNodes/second    : " << (int)(totalNodes / (time / 1000.0)) << endl << endl;
+       << "\nNodes/second    : " << (int)(totalNodes/(cnt/1000.0)) << endl << endl;
 
-  // MS Visual C++ debug window always unconditionally closes when program
-  // exits, this is bad because we want to read results before.
+  if (!timFile.empty())
+  {
+      timingFile << cnt << endl << endl;
+      timingFile.close();
+  }
+
+  // Under MS Visual C++ debug window always unconditionally closes
+  // when program exits, this is bad because we want to read results before.
   #if (defined(WINDOWS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(WIN64))
   cerr << "Press any key to exit" << endl;
-  cin >> time;
+  cin >> fileName;
   #endif
 }

src/benchmark.h

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(BENCHMARK_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BENCHMARK_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <string>
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern void benchmark(const std::string& commandLine);
+
+#endif // !defined(BENCHMARK_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitbase.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,10 +17,22 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
 
+#include "bitbase.h"
 #include "bitboard.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "move.h"
+#include "square.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
 
 namespace {
 
@@ -34,251 +46,305 @@ namespace {
 
   struct KPKPosition {
     void from_index(int index);
+    int to_index() const;
     bool is_legal() const;
     bool is_immediate_draw() const;
     bool is_immediate_win() const;
-    Bitboard wk_attacks()   const { return StepAttacksBB[WK][whiteKingSquare]; }
-    Bitboard bk_attacks()   const { return StepAttacksBB[BK][blackKingSquare]; }
-    Bitboard pawn_attacks() const { return StepAttacksBB[WP][pawnSquare]; }
+    Bitboard wk_attacks() const;
+    Bitboard bk_attacks() const;
+    Bitboard pawn_attacks() const;
 
     Square whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare;
     Color sideToMove;
   };
 
-  // The possible pawns squares are 24, the first 4 files and ranks from 2 to 7
-  const int IndexMax = 2 * 24 * 64 * 64; // color * wp_sq * wk_sq * bk_sq
 
-  // Each uint32_t stores results of 32 positions, one per bit
-  uint32_t KPKBitbase[IndexMax / 32];
+  Result *Bitbase;
+  const int IndexMax = 2*24*64*64;
+  int UnknownCount = 0;
+
+  void initialize();
+  bool next_iteration();
+  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition &p);
+  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p);
+  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm);
+  int compress_result(Result r);
 
-  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]);
-  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]);
-  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square wpsq, Color stm);
 }
 
 
-uint32_t probe_kpk_bitbase(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color stm) {
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
-  int index = compute_index(wksq, bksq, wpsq, stm);
+void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]) {
+  // Allocate array and initialize:
+  Bitbase = new Result[IndexMax];
+  initialize();
 
-  return KPKBitbase[index / 32] & (1 << (index & 31));
-}
+  // Iterate until all positions are classified:
+  while(next_iteration());
 
-
-void init_kpk_bitbase() {
-
-  Result bb[IndexMax];
-  KPKPosition pos;
-  bool repeat;
-
-  // Initialize table
-  for (int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
-  {
-      pos.from_index(i);
-      bb[i] = !pos.is_legal()          ? RESULT_INVALID
-             : pos.is_immediate_draw() ? RESULT_DRAW
-             : pos.is_immediate_win()  ? RESULT_WIN : RESULT_UNKNOWN;
+  // Compress bitbase into the supplied parameter:
+  int i, j, b;
+  for(i = 0; i < 24576; i++) {
+    for(b = 0, j = 0; j < 8; b |= (compress_result(Bitbase[8*i+j]) << j), j++);
+    assert(b == int(uint8_t(b)));
+    bitbase[i] = (uint8_t)b;
   }
 
-  // Iterate until all positions are classified (30 cycles needed)
-  do {
-      repeat = false;
-
-      for (int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
-          if (bb[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-          {
-              pos.from_index(i);
-
-              bb[i] = (pos.sideToMove == WHITE) ? classify_wtm(pos, bb)
-                                                : classify_btm(pos, bb);
-              if (bb[i] != RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-                  repeat = true;
-          }
-
-  } while (repeat);
-
-  // Map 32 position results into one KPKBitbase[] entry
-  for (int i = 0; i < IndexMax / 32; i++)
-      for (int j = 0; j < 32; j++)
-          if (bb[32 * i + j] == RESULT_WIN || bb[32 * i + j] == RESULT_LOSS)
-              KPKBitbase[i] |= (1 << j);
+  // Release allocated memory:
+  delete [] Bitbase;
 }
 
 
 namespace {
 
- // A KPK bitbase index is an integer in [0, IndexMax] range
- //
- // Information is mapped in this way
- //
- // bit     0: side to move (WHITE or BLACK)
- // bit  1- 6: black king square (from SQ_A1 to SQ_H8)
- // bit  7-12: white king square (from SQ_A1 to SQ_H8)
- // bit 13-14: white pawn file (from FILE_A to FILE_D)
- // bit 15-17: white pawn rank - 1 (from RANK_2 - 1 to RANK_7 - 1)
-
-  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square wpsq, Color stm) {
-
-    assert(square_file(wpsq) <= FILE_D);
-
-    int p = int(square_file(wpsq)) + 4 * int(square_rank(wpsq) - 1);
-    int r = int(stm) + 2 * int(bksq) + 128 * int(wksq) + 8192 * p;
-
-    assert(r >= 0 && r < IndexMax);
-
-    return r;
-  }
-
   void KPKPosition::from_index(int index) {
-
-    int s = (index / 8192) % 24;
-
+    int s;
     sideToMove = Color(index % 2);
     blackKingSquare = Square((index / 2) % 64);
     whiteKingSquare = Square((index / 128) % 64);
+    s = (index / 8192) % 24;
     pawnSquare = make_square(File(s % 4), Rank(s / 4 + 1));
   }
 
+
+  int KPKPosition::to_index() const {
+    return compute_index(whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare,
+                         sideToMove);
+  }
+
+
   bool KPKPosition::is_legal() const {
-
-    if (   whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare
-        || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare
-        || blackKingSquare == pawnSquare)
+    if(whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare ||
+       pawnSquare == blackKingSquare)
+      return false;
+    if(sideToMove == WHITE) {
+      if(bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
+        return false;
+      if(bit_is_set(this->pawn_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
         return false;
-
-    if (sideToMove == WHITE)
-    {
-        if (   bit_is_set(wk_attacks(), blackKingSquare)
-            || bit_is_set(pawn_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
-            return false;
     }
-    else if (bit_is_set(bk_attacks(), whiteKingSquare))
+    else {
+      if(bit_is_set(this->bk_attacks(), whiteKingSquare))
         return false;
-
+    }
     return true;
   }
 
+
   bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_draw() const {
+    if(sideToMove == BLACK) {
+      Bitboard wka = this->wk_attacks();
+      Bitboard bka = this->bk_attacks();
 
-    if (sideToMove == BLACK)
-    {
-        Bitboard wka = wk_attacks();
-        Bitboard bka = bk_attacks();
+      // Case 1: Stalemate
+      if((bka & ~(wka | this->pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
+        return true;
 
-        // Case 1: Stalemate
-        if ((bka & ~(wka | pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
-            return true;
-
-        // Case 2: King can capture pawn
-        if (bit_is_set(bka, pawnSquare) && !bit_is_set(wka, pawnSquare))
-            return true;
+      // Case 2: King can capture pawn
+      if(bit_is_set(bka, pawnSquare) && !bit_is_set(wka, pawnSquare))
+        return true;
     }
-    else
-    {
-        // Case 1: Stalemate (possible pawn files are only from A to D)
-        if (   whiteKingSquare == SQ_A8
-            && pawnSquare == SQ_A7
-            && (blackKingSquare == SQ_C7 || blackKingSquare == SQ_C8))
-            return true;
+    else {
+      // Case 1: Stalemate
+      if(whiteKingSquare == SQ_A8 && pawnSquare == SQ_A7 &&
+         (blackKingSquare == SQ_C7 || blackKingSquare == SQ_C8))
+        return true;
     }
+
     return false;
   }
 
-  bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_win() const {
 
-    // The position is an immediate win if it is white to move and the
-    // white pawn can be promoted without getting captured.
-    return   sideToMove == WHITE
-          && square_rank(pawnSquare) == RANK_7
-          && whiteKingSquare != pawnSquare + DELTA_N
-          && (   square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare + DELTA_N) > 1
-              || bit_is_set(wk_attacks(), pawnSquare + DELTA_N));
+  bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_win() const {
+    // The position is an immediate win if it is white to move and the white
+    // pawn can be promoted without getting captured:
+    return
+      sideToMove == WHITE &&
+      square_rank(pawnSquare) == RANK_7 &&
+      (square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare+DELTA_N) > 1 ||
+       bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), pawnSquare+DELTA_N));
   }
 
-  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]) {
+
+  Bitboard KPKPosition::wk_attacks() const {
+    return StepAttackBB[WK][whiteKingSquare];
+  }
+
+
+  Bitboard KPKPosition::bk_attacks() const {
+    return StepAttackBB[BK][blackKingSquare];
+  }
+
+
+  Bitboard KPKPosition::pawn_attacks() const {
+    return StepAttackBB[WP][pawnSquare];
+  }
+
+
+  void initialize() {
+    KPKPosition p;
+    for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++) {
+      p.from_index(i);
+      if(!p.is_legal())
+        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_INVALID;
+      else if(p.is_immediate_draw())
+        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_DRAW;
+      else if(p.is_immediate_win())
+        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_WIN;
+      else {
+        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_UNKNOWN;
+        UnknownCount++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  bool next_iteration() {
+    KPKPosition p;
+    int previousUnknownCount = UnknownCount;
+
+    for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
+      if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN) {
+        p.from_index(i);
+
+        Bitbase[i] = (p.sideToMove == WHITE)? classify_wtm(p) : classify_btm(p);
+
+        if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_WIN || Bitbase[i] == RESULT_LOSS ||
+           Bitbase[i] == RESULT_DRAW)
+          UnknownCount--;
+      }
+
+    return UnknownCount != previousUnknownCount;
+  }
+
+
+  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition &p) {
 
     // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_LOSS, the result
-    // of the current position is RESULT_WIN. If all moves lead to positions
-    // classified as RESULT_DRAW, the current position is classified RESULT_DRAW
-    // otherwise the current position is classified as RESULT_UNKNOWN.
-
-    bool unknownFound = false;
-    Bitboard b;
-    Square s;
-    Result r;
-
-    // King moves
-    b = pos.wk_attacks();
-    while (b)
-    {
-        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        r = bb[compute_index(s, pos.blackKingSquare, pos.pawnSquare, BLACK)];
-
-        if (r == RESULT_LOSS)
-            return RESULT_WIN;
-
-        if (r == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-            unknownFound = true;
-    }
-
-    // Pawn moves
-    if (square_rank(pos.pawnSquare) < RANK_7)
-    {
-        s = pos.pawnSquare + DELTA_N;
-        r = bb[compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, pos.blackKingSquare, s, BLACK)];
-
-        if (r == RESULT_LOSS)
-            return RESULT_WIN;
-
-        if (r == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-            unknownFound = true;
-
-        // Double pawn push
-        if (   square_rank(s) == RANK_3
-            && s != pos.whiteKingSquare
-            && s != pos.blackKingSquare)
-        {
-            s += DELTA_N;
-            r = bb[compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, pos.blackKingSquare, s, BLACK)];
-
-            if (r == RESULT_LOSS)
-                return RESULT_WIN;
-
-            if (r == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-                unknownFound = true;
-        }
-    }
-    return unknownFound ? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
-  }
-
-
-  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]) {
-
-    // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_DRAW, the result
-    // of the current position is RESULT_DRAW. If all moves lead to positions
-    // classified as RESULT_WIN, the current position is classified as
-    // RESULT_LOSS. Otherwise, the current position is classified as
+    // of the current position is RESULT_WIN.  If all moves lead to positions
+    // classified as RESULT_DRAW, the current position is classified as
+    // RESULT_DRAW.  Otherwise, the current position is classified as
     // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
 
     bool unknownFound = false;
     Bitboard b;
     Square s;
-    Result r;
 
     // King moves
-    b = pos.bk_attacks();
-    while (b)
-    {
-        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        r = bb[compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, s, pos.pawnSquare, WHITE)];
+    b = p.wk_attacks();
+    while(b) {
+      s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+      switch(Bitbase[compute_index(s, p.blackKingSquare, p.pawnSquare,
+                                   BLACK)]) {
+      case RESULT_LOSS:
+        return RESULT_WIN;
 
-        if (r == RESULT_DRAW)
-            return RESULT_DRAW;
+      case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+        unknownFound = true;
+        break;
 
-        if (r == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-            unknownFound = true;
+      case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        assert(false);
+      }
     }
-    return unknownFound ? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_LOSS;
+
+    // Pawn moves
+    if(square_rank(p.pawnSquare) < RANK_7) {
+      s = p.pawnSquare + DELTA_N;
+      switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, p.blackKingSquare, s,
+                                   BLACK)]) {
+      case RESULT_LOSS:
+        return RESULT_WIN;
+
+      case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+        unknownFound = true;
+        break;
+
+      case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        assert(false);
+      }
+
+      if(square_rank(s) == RANK_3 &&
+         s != p.whiteKingSquare && s != p.blackKingSquare) {
+        s += DELTA_N;
+        switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, p.blackKingSquare, s,
+                                     BLACK)]) {
+        case RESULT_LOSS:
+          return RESULT_WIN;
+
+        case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+          unknownFound = true;
+          break;
+
+        case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
+          break;
+
+        default:
+          assert(false);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
+  }
+
+
+  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p) {
+
+    // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_DRAW, the result
+    // of the current position is RESULT_DRAW.  If all moves lead to positions
+    // classified as RESULT_WIN, the current position is classified as
+    // RESULT_LOSS.  Otherwise, the current position is classified as
+    // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
+
+    bool unknownFound = false;
+    Bitboard b;
+    Square s;
+
+    // King moves
+    b = p.bk_attacks();
+    while(b) {
+      s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+      switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, s, p.pawnSquare,
+                                   WHITE)]) {
+      case RESULT_DRAW:
+        return RESULT_DRAW;
+
+      case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+        unknownFound = true;
+        break;
+
+      case RESULT_WIN: case RESULT_INVALID:
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        assert(false);
+      }
+    }
+
+    return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_LOSS;
+  }
+
+
+  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm) {
+    int p = int(square_file(psq)) + (int(square_rank(psq)) - 1) * 4;
+    int result = int(stm) + 2*int(bksq) + 128*int(wksq) + 8192*p;
+    assert(result >= 0 && result < IndexMax);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+
+  int compress_result(Result r) {
+    return (r == RESULT_WIN || r == RESULT_LOSS)? 1 : 0;
   }
 
 }

src/bitbase.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(BITBASE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BITBASE_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]);
+
+
+#endif // !defined(BITBASE_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitboard.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,61 +17,68 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
+#include "direction.h"
+
 
 #if defined(IS_64BIT)
 
 const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
-  0x0440049104032280ULL, 0x1021023C82008040ULL, 0x0404040082000048ULL,
-  0x48C4440084048090ULL, 0x2801104026490000ULL, 0x4100880442040800ULL,
-  0x0181011002E06040ULL, 0x9101004104200E00ULL, 0x1240848848310401ULL,
-  0x2000142828050024ULL, 0x00001004024D5000ULL, 0x0102044400800200ULL,
-  0x8108108820112000ULL, 0xA880818210C00046ULL, 0x4008008801082000ULL,
-  0x0060882404049400ULL, 0x0104402004240810ULL, 0x000A002084250200ULL,
-  0x00100B0880801100ULL, 0x0004080201220101ULL, 0x0044008080A00000ULL,
-  0x0000202200842000ULL, 0x5006004882D00808ULL, 0x0000200045080802ULL,
-  0x0086100020200601ULL, 0xA802080A20112C02ULL, 0x0080411218080900ULL,
-  0x000200A0880080A0ULL, 0x9A01010000104000ULL, 0x0028008003100080ULL,
-  0x0211021004480417ULL, 0x0401004188220806ULL, 0x00825051400C2006ULL,
-  0x00140C0210943000ULL, 0x0000242800300080ULL, 0x00C2208120080200ULL,
+  0x440049104032280ULL, 0x1021023c82008040ULL, 0x404040082000048ULL,
+  0x48c4440084048090ULL, 0x2801104026490000ULL, 0x4100880442040800ULL,
+  0x181011002e06040ULL, 0x9101004104200e00ULL, 0x1240848848310401ULL,
+  0x2000142828050024ULL, 0x1004024d5000ULL, 0x102044400800200ULL,
+  0x8108108820112000ULL, 0xa880818210c00046ULL, 0x4008008801082000ULL,
+  0x60882404049400ULL, 0x104402004240810ULL, 0xa002084250200ULL,
+  0x100b0880801100ULL, 0x4080201220101ULL, 0x44008080a00000ULL,
+  0x202200842000ULL, 0x5006004882d00808ULL, 0x200045080802ULL,
+  0x86100020200601ULL, 0xa802080a20112c02ULL, 0x80411218080900ULL,
+  0x200a0880080a0ULL, 0x9a01010000104000ULL, 0x28008003100080ULL,
+  0x211021004480417ULL, 0x401004188220806ULL, 0x825051400c2006ULL,
+  0x140c0210943000ULL, 0x242800300080ULL, 0xc2208120080200ULL,
   0x2430008200002200ULL, 0x1010100112008040ULL, 0x8141050100020842ULL,
-  0x0000822081014405ULL, 0x800C049E40400804ULL, 0x4A0404028A000820ULL,
-  0x0022060201041200ULL, 0x0360904200840801ULL, 0x0881A08208800400ULL,
-  0x0060202C00400420ULL, 0x1204440086061400ULL, 0x0008184042804040ULL,
-  0x0064040315300400ULL, 0x0C01008801090A00ULL, 0x0808010401140C00ULL,
-  0x04004830C2020040ULL, 0x0080005002020054ULL, 0x40000C14481A0490ULL,
-  0x0010500101042048ULL, 0x1010100200424000ULL, 0x0000640901901040ULL,
-  0x00000A0201014840ULL, 0x00840082AA011002ULL, 0x010010840084240AULL,
-  0x0420400810420608ULL, 0x8D40230408102100ULL, 0x4A00200612222409ULL,
-  0x0A08520292120600ULL
+  0x822081014405ULL, 0x800c049e40400804ULL, 0x4a0404028a000820ULL,
+  0x22060201041200ULL, 0x360904200840801ULL, 0x881a08208800400ULL,
+  0x60202c00400420ULL, 0x1204440086061400ULL, 0x8184042804040ULL,
+  0x64040315300400ULL, 0xc01008801090a00ULL, 0x808010401140c00ULL,
+  0x4004830c2020040ULL, 0x80005002020054ULL, 0x40000c14481a0490ULL,
+  0x10500101042048ULL, 0x1010100200424000ULL, 0x640901901040ULL,
+  0xa0201014840ULL, 0x840082aa011002ULL, 0x10010840084240aULL,
+  0x420400810420608ULL, 0x8d40230408102100ULL, 0x4a00200612222409ULL,
+  0xa08520292120600ULL
 };
 
 const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0x0A8002C000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
-  0x0380180080141000ULL, 0x1A00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000A0C0008ULL,
-  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x0100024284A20700ULL, 0x0000802140008000ULL,
-  0x0080C01002A00840ULL, 0x0402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
-  0x0001001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x040100010002000CULL,
-  0x0002800D0010C080ULL, 0x90C0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
-  0x0003010010200040ULL, 0x0A40828028001000ULL, 0x0123010008000430ULL,
-  0x0024008004020080ULL, 0x0060040001104802ULL, 0x00582200028400D1ULL,
-  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x0408208200420308ULL, 0x0610038080102000ULL,
-  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x0000080080040180ULL, 0x00C2020080040080ULL,
-  0x0080084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x0040052040800082ULL,
-  0x0B08200280804000ULL, 0x008A80A008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
-  0x0911808800801401ULL, 0x822A003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108AULL,
-  0x000004A10A00004CULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
-  0x000100A000D50041ULL, 0x00810050020B0020ULL, 0x0204000800808004ULL,
-  0x00020048100A000CULL, 0x0112000831020004ULL, 0x0009000040810002ULL,
-  0x0440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
-  0x4B824A2010010100ULL, 0x04080801810C0080ULL, 0x00000400802A0080ULL,
-  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002C4104088200ULL, 0x01002100104A0282ULL,
-  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014A40D02001ULL, 0x0005100019200501ULL,
-  0x0101000208001005ULL, 0x0002008450080702ULL, 0x001002080301D00CULL,
-  0x410201CE5C030092ULL
+  0xa8002c000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
+  0x380180080141000ULL, 0x1a00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000a0c0008ULL,
+  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x100024284a20700ULL, 0x802140008000ULL,
+  0x80c01002a00840ULL, 0x402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
+  0x1001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x40100010002000cULL,
+  0x2800d0010c080ULL, 0x90c0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
+  0x3010010200040ULL, 0xa40828028001000ULL, 0x123010008000430ULL,
+  0x24008004020080ULL, 0x60040001104802ULL, 0x582200028400d1ULL,
+  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x408208200420308ULL, 0x610038080102000ULL,
+  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x80080040180ULL, 0xc2020080040080ULL,
+  0x80084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x40052040800082ULL,
+  0xb08200280804000ULL, 0x8a80a008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
+  0x911808800801401ULL, 0x822a003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108aULL,
+  0x4a10a00004cULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
+  0x100a000d50041ULL, 0x810050020b0020ULL, 0x204000800808004ULL,
+  0x20048100a000cULL, 0x112000831020004ULL, 0x9000040810002ULL,
+  0x440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
+  0x4b824a2010010100ULL, 0x4080801810c0080ULL, 0x400802a0080ULL,
+  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002c4104088200ULL, 0x1002100104a0282ULL,
+  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014a40d02001ULL, 0x5100019200501ULL,
+  0x101000208001005ULL, 0x2008450080702ULL, 0x1002080301d00cULL,
+  0x410201ce5c030092ULL
 };
 
 const int BShift[64] = {
@@ -91,53 +98,53 @@ const int RShift[64] = {
 #else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
 
 const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
-  0x54142844C6A22981ULL, 0x710358A6EA25C19EULL, 0x704F746D63A4A8DCULL,
-  0xBFED1A0B80F838C5ULL, 0x90561D5631E62110ULL, 0x2804260376E60944ULL,
-  0x84A656409AA76871ULL, 0xF0267F64C28B6197ULL, 0x70764EBB762F0585ULL,
-  0x92AA09E0CFE161DEULL, 0x41EE1F6BB266F60EULL, 0xDDCBF04F6039C444ULL,
-  0x5A3FAB7BAC0D988AULL, 0xD3727877FA4EAA03ULL, 0xD988402D868DDAAEULL,
-  0x812B291AFA075C7CULL, 0x94FAF987B685A932ULL, 0x3ED867D8470D08DBULL,
-  0x92517660B8901DE8ULL, 0x2D97E43E058814B4ULL, 0x880A10C220B25582ULL,
-  0xC7C6520D1F1A0477ULL, 0xDBFC7FBCD7656AA6ULL, 0x78B1B9BFB1A2B84FULL,
-  0x2F20037F112A0BC1ULL, 0x657171EA2269A916ULL, 0xC08302B07142210EULL,
-  0x0880A4403064080BULL, 0x3602420842208C00ULL, 0x852800DC7E0B6602ULL,
-  0x595A3FBBAA0F03B2ULL, 0x9F01411558159D5EULL, 0x2B4A4A5F88B394F2ULL,
-  0x4AFCBFFC292DD03AULL, 0x4A4094A3B3F10522ULL, 0xB06F00B491F30048ULL,
-  0xD5B3820280D77004ULL, 0x8B2E01E7C8E57A75ULL, 0x2D342794E886C2E6ULL,
-  0xC302C410CDE21461ULL, 0x111F426F1379C274ULL, 0xE0569220ABB31588ULL,
-  0x5026D3064D453324ULL, 0xE2076040C343CD8AULL, 0x93EFD1E1738021EEULL,
-  0xB680804BED143132ULL, 0x44E361B21986944CULL, 0x44C60170EF5C598CULL,
-  0xF4DA475C195C9C94ULL, 0xA3AFBB5F72060B1DULL, 0xBC75F410E41C4FFCULL,
-  0xB51C099390520922ULL, 0x902C011F8F8EC368ULL, 0x950B56B3D6F5490AULL,
-  0x3909E0635BF202D0ULL, 0x5744F90206EC10CCULL, 0xDC59FD76317ABBC1ULL,
-  0x881C7C67FCBFC4F6ULL, 0x47CA41E7E440D423ULL, 0xEB0C88112048D004ULL,
-  0x51C60E04359AEF1AULL, 0x1AA1FE0E957A5554ULL, 0xDD9448DB4F5E3104ULL,
-  0xDC01F6DCA4BEBBDCULL,
+  0x54142844c6a22981ULL, 0x710358a6ea25c19eULL, 0x704f746d63a4a8dcULL,
+  0xbfed1a0b80f838c5ULL, 0x90561d5631e62110ULL, 0x2804260376e60944ULL,
+  0x84a656409aa76871ULL, 0xf0267f64c28b6197ULL, 0x70764ebb762f0585ULL,
+  0x92aa09e0cfe161deULL, 0x41ee1f6bb266f60eULL, 0xddcbf04f6039c444ULL,
+  0x5a3fab7bac0d988aULL, 0xd3727877fa4eaa03ULL, 0xd988402d868ddaaeULL,
+  0x812b291afa075c7cULL, 0x94faf987b685a932ULL, 0x3ed867d8470d08dbULL,
+  0x92517660b8901de8ULL, 0x2d97e43e058814b4ULL, 0x880a10c220b25582ULL,
+  0xc7c6520d1f1a0477ULL, 0xdbfc7fbcd7656aa6ULL, 0x78b1b9bfb1a2b84fULL,
+  0x2f20037f112a0bc1ULL, 0x657171ea2269a916ULL, 0xc08302b07142210eULL,
+  0x880a4403064080bULL, 0x3602420842208c00ULL, 0x852800dc7e0b6602ULL,
+  0x595a3fbbaa0f03b2ULL, 0x9f01411558159d5eULL, 0x2b4a4a5f88b394f2ULL,
+  0x4afcbffc292dd03aULL, 0x4a4094a3b3f10522ULL, 0xb06f00b491f30048ULL,
+  0xd5b3820280d77004ULL, 0x8b2e01e7c8e57a75ULL, 0x2d342794e886c2e6ULL,
+  0xc302c410cde21461ULL, 0x111f426f1379c274ULL, 0xe0569220abb31588ULL,
+  0x5026d3064d453324ULL, 0xe2076040c343cd8aULL, 0x93efd1e1738021eeULL,
+  0xb680804bed143132ULL, 0x44e361b21986944cULL, 0x44c60170ef5c598cULL,
+  0xf4da475c195c9c94ULL, 0xa3afbb5f72060b1dULL, 0xbc75f410e41c4ffcULL,
+  0xb51c099390520922ULL, 0x902c011f8f8ec368ULL, 0x950b56b3d6f5490aULL,
+  0x3909e0635bf202d0ULL, 0x5744f90206ec10ccULL, 0xdc59fd76317abbc1ULL,
+  0x881c7c67fcbfc4f6ULL, 0x47ca41e7e440d423ULL, 0xeb0c88112048d004ULL,
+  0x51c60e04359aef1aULL, 0x1aa1fe0e957a5554ULL, 0xdd9448db4f5e3104ULL,
+  0xdc01f6dca4bebbdcULL,
 };
 
 const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xD7445CDEC88002C0ULL, 0xD0A505C1F2001722ULL, 0xE065D1C896002182ULL,
-  0x9A8C41E75A000892ULL, 0x8900B10C89002AA8ULL, 0x9B28D1C1D60005A2ULL,
-  0x015D6C88DE002D9AULL, 0xB1DBFC802E8016A9ULL, 0x149A1042D9D60029ULL,
-  0xB9C08050599E002FULL, 0x132208C3AF300403ULL, 0xC1000CE2E9C50070ULL,
-  0x9D9AA13C99020012ULL, 0xB6B078DAF71E0046ULL, 0x9D880182FB6E002EULL,
-  0x52889F467E850037ULL, 0xDA6DC008D19A8480ULL, 0x468286034F902420ULL,
-  0x7140AC09DC54C020ULL, 0xD76FFFFA39548808ULL, 0xEA901C4141500808ULL,
-  0xC91004093F953A02ULL, 0x02882AFA8F6BB402ULL, 0xAEBE335692442C01ULL,
-  0x0E904A22079FB91EULL, 0x13A514851055F606ULL, 0x76C782018C8FE632ULL,
-  0x1DC012A9D116DA06ULL, 0x3C9E0037264FFFA6ULL, 0x2036002853C6E4A2ULL,
-  0xE3FE08500AFB47D4ULL, 0xF38AF25C86B025C2ULL, 0xC0800E2182CF9A40ULL,
-  0x72002480D1F60673ULL, 0x2500200BAE6E9B53ULL, 0xC60018C1EEFCA252ULL,
-  0x0600590473E3608AULL, 0x46002C4AB3FE51B2ULL, 0xA200011486BCC8D2ULL,
-  0xB680078095784C63ULL, 0x2742002639BF11AEULL, 0xC7D60021A5BDB142ULL,
-  0xC8C04016BB83D820ULL, 0xBD520028123B4842ULL, 0x9D1600344AC2A832ULL,
-  0x6A808005631C8A05ULL, 0x604600A148D5389AULL, 0xE2E40103D40DEA65ULL,
-  0x945B5A0087C62A81ULL, 0x012DC200CD82D28EULL, 0x2431C600B5F9EF76ULL,
-  0xFB142A006A9B314AULL, 0x06870E00A1C97D62ULL, 0x2A9DB2004A2689A2ULL,
-  0xD3594600CAF5D1A2ULL, 0xEE0E4900439344A7ULL, 0x89C4D266CA25007AULL,
-  0x3E0013A2743F97E3ULL, 0x0180E31A0431378AULL, 0x3A9E465A4D42A512ULL,
-  0x98D0A11A0C0D9CC2ULL, 0x8E711C1ABA19B01EULL, 0x8DCDC836DD201142ULL,
-  0x5AC08A4735370479ULL,
+  0xd7445cdec88002c0ULL, 0xd0a505c1f2001722ULL, 0xe065d1c896002182ULL,
+  0x9a8c41e75a000892ULL, 0x8900b10c89002aa8ULL, 0x9b28d1c1d60005a2ULL,
+  0x15d6c88de002d9aULL, 0xb1dbfc802e8016a9ULL, 0x149a1042d9d60029ULL,
+  0xb9c08050599e002fULL, 0x132208c3af300403ULL, 0xc1000ce2e9c50070ULL,
+  0x9d9aa13c99020012ULL, 0xb6b078daf71e0046ULL, 0x9d880182fb6e002eULL,
+  0x52889f467e850037ULL, 0xda6dc008d19a8480ULL, 0x468286034f902420ULL,
+  0x7140ac09dc54c020ULL, 0xd76ffffa39548808ULL, 0xea901c4141500808ULL,
+  0xc91004093f953a02ULL, 0x2882afa8f6bb402ULL, 0xaebe335692442c01ULL,
+  0xe904a22079fb91eULL, 0x13a514851055f606ULL, 0x76c782018c8fe632ULL,
+  0x1dc012a9d116da06ULL, 0x3c9e0037264fffa6ULL, 0x2036002853c6e4a2ULL,
+  0xe3fe08500afb47d4ULL, 0xf38af25c86b025c2ULL, 0xc0800e2182cf9a40ULL,
+  0x72002480d1f60673ULL, 0x2500200bae6e9b53ULL, 0xc60018c1eefca252ULL,
+  0x600590473e3608aULL, 0x46002c4ab3fe51b2ULL, 0xa200011486bcc8d2ULL,
+  0xb680078095784c63ULL, 0x2742002639bf11aeULL, 0xc7d60021a5bdb142ULL,
+  0xc8c04016bb83d820ULL, 0xbd520028123b4842ULL, 0x9d1600344ac2a832ULL,
+  0x6a808005631c8a05ULL, 0x604600a148d5389aULL, 0xe2e40103d40dea65ULL,
+  0x945b5a0087c62a81ULL, 0x12dc200cd82d28eULL, 0x2431c600b5f9ef76ULL,
+  0xfb142a006a9b314aULL, 0x6870e00a1c97d62ULL, 0x2a9db2004a2689a2ULL,
+  0xd3594600caf5d1a2ULL, 0xee0e4900439344a7ULL, 0x89c4d266ca25007aULL,
+  0x3e0013a2743f97e3ULL, 0x180e31a0431378aULL, 0x3a9e465a4d42a512ULL,
+  0x98d0a11a0c0d9cc2ULL, 0x8e711c1aba19b01eULL, 0x8dcdc836dd201142ULL,
+  0x5ac08a4735370479ULL,
 };
 
 const int BShift[64] = {
@@ -156,8 +163,54 @@ const int RShift[64] = {
 
 #endif // defined(IS_64BIT)
 
-// Global bitboards definitions with static storage duration are
-// automatically set to zero before enter main().
+const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { BlackSquaresBB, WhiteSquaresBB };
+
+const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
+  FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
+  FileBBB, FileABB|FileCBB, FileBBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileEBB,
+  FileDBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileGBB, FileFBB|FileHBB, FileGBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
+  FileABB|FileBBB, FileABB|FileBBB|FileCBB,
+  FileBBB|FileCBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileDBB|FileEBB,
+  FileDBB|FileEBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileFBB|FileGBB,
+  FileFBB|FileGBB|FileHBB, FileGBB|FileHBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard RankBB[8] = {
+  Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
+};
+
+const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8] = {
+  { Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB },
+  { Rank8BB, Rank7BB, Rank6BB, Rank5BB, Rank4BB, Rank3BB, Rank2BB, Rank1BB }
+};
+
+const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8] = {
+  { Rank2BB | Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank8BB,
+    EmptyBoardBB
+  },
+  { EmptyBoardBB,
+    Rank1BB,
+    Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank7BB | Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB
+  }
+};
+
 Bitboard RMask[64];
 int RAttackIndex[64];
 Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
@@ -169,17 +222,12 @@ Bitboard BAttacks[0x1480];
 Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
 Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
 
-Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
-Bitboard FileBB[8];
-Bitboard RankBB[8];
-Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
-Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
-Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8];
-Bitboard StepAttacksBB[16][64];
+Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
+Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
 Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
-Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
+
 Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
+Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
 
 Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
 Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
@@ -188,49 +236,73 @@ Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
 uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
 
 
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
 namespace {
 
   void init_masks();
-  void init_step_attacks();
-  void init_pseudo_attacks();
+  void init_ray_bitboards();
+  void init_attacks();
   void init_between_bitboards();
-  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
-  Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard occupied, int deltas[][2],
+  Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
                            int fmin, int fmax, int rmin, int rmax);
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]);
+  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
+  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[],
+                            int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
+                            const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
+                            int deltas[][2]);
+  void init_pseudo_attacks();
 }
 
 
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
 /// print_bitboard() prints a bitboard in an easily readable format to the
-/// standard output. This is sometimes useful for debugging.
+/// standard output.  This is sometimes useful for debugging.
 
 void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) {
-
-  for (Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--)
-  {
-      std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << '\n';
-      for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-          std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r)) ? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
-
-      std::cout << "|\n";
+  for(Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--) {
+    std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
+    for(File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+      std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r))? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
+    std::cout << "|" << std::endl;
   }
   std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
 }
 
 
+/// init_bitboards() initializes various bitboard arrays.  It is called during
+/// program initialization.
+
+void init_bitboards() {
+  int rookDeltas[4][2] = {{0,1},{0,-1},{1,0},{-1,0}};
+  int bishopDeltas[4][2] = {{1,1},{-1,1},{1,-1},{-1,-1}};
+  init_masks();
+  init_ray_bitboards();
+  init_attacks();
+  init_between_bitboards();
+  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift, RMult, rookDeltas);
+  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift, BMult, bishopDeltas);
+  init_pseudo_attacks();
+}
+
+
 /// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
 /// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
 /// nonzero bitboard.
 
 #if defined(IS_64BIT) && !defined(USE_BSFQ)
 
-static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-const int BitTable[64] = {
-   0,  1,  2,  7,  3, 13,  8, 19,  4, 25, 14, 28,  9, 34, 20, 40,  5, 17, 26,
-  38, 15, 46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63,  6, 12, 18, 24, 27,
-  33, 39, 16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61,
-  22, 43, 51, 60, 42, 59, 58
+CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+static const int BitTable[64] = {
+  0, 1, 2, 7, 3, 13, 8, 19, 4, 25, 14, 28, 9, 34, 20, 40, 5, 17, 26, 38, 15,
+  46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 33, 39,
+  16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61, 22, 43,
+  51, 60, 42, 59, 58
 };
 
 Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
@@ -247,14 +319,13 @@ Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
 
 static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
 const int BitTable[64] = {
-  63, 30,  3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29,  2,
-  51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47,  1, 54,  9, 57,  0, 35, 62, 31, 40,  4, 49,  5,
-  52, 26, 60,  6, 23, 44, 46, 27, 56, 16,  7, 39, 48, 24, 59, 14, 12, 55, 38,
-  28, 58, 20, 37, 17, 36, 8
+  63, 30, 3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29, 2,
+  51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47, 1, 54, 9, 57, 0, 35, 62, 31, 40, 4, 49, 5, 52,
+  26, 60, 6, 23, 44, 46, 27, 56, 16, 7, 39, 48, 24, 59, 14, 12, 55, 38, 28,
+  58, 20, 37, 17, 36, 8
 };
 
 Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-
   b ^= (b - 1);
   uint32_t fold = int(b) ^ int(b >> 32);
   return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
@@ -295,23 +366,29 @@ Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* bb) {
    return ret;
 }
 
-#endif // !defined(USE_BSFQ)
+#endif
 
+int bitScanReverse32(uint32_t b)
+{
+   int result = 0;
 
-/// init_bitboards() initializes various bitboard arrays. It is called during
-/// program initialization.
-
-void init_bitboards() {
-
-  int rookDeltas[4][2] = {{0,1},{0,-1},{1,0},{-1,0}};
-  int bishopDeltas[4][2] = {{1,1},{-1,1},{1,-1},{-1,-1}};
-
-  init_masks();
-  init_step_attacks();
-  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift, RMult, rookDeltas);
-  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift, BMult, bishopDeltas);
-  init_pseudo_attacks();
-  init_between_bitboards();
+   if (b > 0xFFFF) {
+      b >>= 16;
+      result += 16;
+   }
+   if (b > 0xFF) {
+      b >>= 8;
+      result += 8;
+   }
+   if (b > 0xF) {
+      b >>= 4;
+      result += 4;
+   }
+   if (b > 0x3) {
+      b >>= 2;
+      result += 2;
+   }
+   return result + (b > 0) + (b > 1);
 }
 
 namespace {
@@ -322,165 +399,146 @@ namespace {
   // be necessary to touch any of them.
 
   void init_masks() {
-
-    SquaresByColorBB[DARK]  =  0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
-    SquaresByColorBB[LIGHT] = ~SquaresByColorBB[DARK];
-
-    FileBB[FILE_A] = FileABB;
-    RankBB[RANK_1] = Rank1BB;
-
-    for (int f = FILE_B; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-    {
-        FileBB[f] = FileBB[f - 1] << 1;
-        RankBB[f] = RankBB[f - 1] << 8;
-    }
-
-    for (int f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-    {
-        NeighboringFilesBB[f] = (f > FILE_A ? FileBB[f - 1] : 0) | (f < FILE_H ? FileBB[f + 1] : 0);
-        ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[f] = FileBB[f] | NeighboringFilesBB[f];
-    }
-
-    for (int rw = RANK_7, rb = RANK_2; rw >= RANK_1; rw--, rb++)
-    {
-        InFrontBB[WHITE][rw] = InFrontBB[WHITE][rw + 1] | RankBB[rw + 1];
-        InFrontBB[BLACK][rb] = InFrontBB[BLACK][rb - 1] | RankBB[rb - 1];
-    }
-
-    SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = EmptyBoardBB;
+    SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = 0ULL;
     ClearMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = ~SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE];
-
-    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-    {
-        SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
-        ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
+    for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+      SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
+      ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
     }
+    for(Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+      for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+        PassedPawnMask[c][s] =
+          in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
+        OutpostMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
+      }
 
-    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
-        for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-        {
-            SquaresInFrontMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
-            PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
-            AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
-        }
-
-    for (Bitboard b = 0; b < 256; b++)
-        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s<CNT32>(b);
+    for (Bitboard b = 0ULL; b < 256ULL; b++)
+        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s(b);
   }
 
-  void init_step_attacks() {
 
-    const int step[][9] =  {
+  void init_ray_bitboards() {
+    int d[8] = {1, -1, 16, -16, 17, -17, 15, -15};
+    for(int i = 0; i < 128; i = (i + 9) & ~8) {
+      for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+        RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        for(int k = i + d[j]; (k & 0x88) == 0; k += d[j])
+          set_bit(&(RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j]), Square((k&7)|((k>>4)<<3)));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  void init_attacks() {
+    int i, j, k, l;
+    int step[16][8] =  {
       {0},
-      {7,9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17,0}, {0}, {0}, {0},
-      {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8,0}, {0}, {0},
-      {-7,-9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17,0}, {0}, {0}, {0},
-      {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8,0}
+      {7,9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17}, {9,7,-7,-9,0}, {8,1,-1,-8,0},
+      {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {0}, {0},
+      {-7,-9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17}, {9,7,-7,-9,0}, {8,1,-1,-8,0},
+      {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}
     };
 
-    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-        for (Piece pc = WP; pc <= BK; pc++)
-            for (int k = 0; step[pc][k] != 0; k++)
-            {
-                Square to = s + Square(step[pc][k]);
-
-                if (square_is_ok(to) && square_distance(s, to) < 3)
-                    set_bit(&StepAttacksBB[pc][s], to);
-           }
-  }
-
-  Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard occupied, int deltas[][2],
-                           int fmin, int fmax, int rmin, int rmax) {
-    int dx, dy, f, r;
-    int rk = sq / 8;
-    int fl = sq % 8;
-    Bitboard attacks = EmptyBoardBB;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
-    {
-        dx = deltas[i][0];
-        dy = deltas[i][1];
-        f = fl + dx;
-        r = rk + dy;
-
-        while (   (dx == 0 || (f >= fmin && f <= fmax))
-               && (dy == 0 || (r >= rmin && r <= rmax)))
-        {
-            attacks |= (1ULL << (f + r * 8));
-
-            if (occupied & (1ULL << (f + r * 8)))
-                break;
-
-            f += dx;
-            r += dy;
+    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+      for(j = 0; j <= int(BK); j++) {
+        StepAttackBB[j][i] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        for(k = 0; k < 8 && step[j][k] != 0; k++) {
+          l = i + step[j][k];
+          if(l >= 0 && l < 64 && abs((i&7) - (l&7)) < 3)
+            StepAttackBB[j][i] |= (1ULL << l);
         }
+      }
     }
-    return attacks;
   }
 
-  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask) {
 
-    Bitboard result = EmptyBoardBB;
-    int sq, cnt = 0;
-
-    while (mask)
-    {
-        sq = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
-
-        if (index & (1 << cnt++))
-            result |= (1ULL << sq);
+  Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
+                           int fmin=0, int fmax=7, int rmin=0, int rmax=7) {
+    Bitboard result = 0ULL;
+    int rk = sq / 8, fl = sq % 8, r, f, i;
+    for(i = 0; i < dirs; i++) {
+      int dx = deltas[i][0], dy = deltas[i][1];
+      for(f = fl+dx, r = rk+dy;
+          (dx==0 || (f>=fmin && f<=fmax)) && (dy==0 || (r>=rmin && r<=rmax));
+          f += dx, r += dy) {
+        result |= (1ULL << (f + r*8));
+        if(block & (1ULL << (f + r*8))) break;
+      }
     }
     return result;
   }
 
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]) {
-    Bitboard b, v;
-    int i, j, index;
-
-    for (i = index = 0; i < 64; i++)
-    {
-        attackIndex[i] = index;
-        mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
-        j = 1 << ((CpuIs64Bit ? 64 : 32) - shift[i]);
-
-        for (int k = 0; k < j; k++)
-        {
-            b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-            v = CpuIs64Bit ? b * mult[i] : unsigned(b * mult[i] ^ (b >> 32) * (mult[i] >> 32));
-            attacks[index + (v >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, deltas, 0, 7, 0, 7);
-        }
-        index += j;
-    }
-  }
-
-  void init_pseudo_attacks() {
-
-    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-    {
-        BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-        RookPseudoAttacks[s]   = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-        QueenPseudoAttacks[s]  = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-    }
-  }
 
   void init_between_bitboards() {
+    SquareDelta step[8] = {
+      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+    };
+    SignedDirection d;
+    for(Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+      for(Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) {
+        BetweenBB[s1][s2] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        d = signed_direction_between_squares(s1, s2);
+        if(d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE)
+          for(Square s3 = s1 + step[d]; s3 != s2; s3 += step[d])
+            set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
+      }
+  }
 
-    Square s1, s2, s3, d;
-    int f, r;
 
-    for (s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-        for (s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
-            if (bit_is_set(QueenPseudoAttacks[s1], s2))
-            {
-                f = file_distance(s1, s2);
-                r = rank_distance(s1, s2);
+  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask) {
+    int i, j, bits = count_1s(mask);
+    Bitboard result = 0ULL;
+    for(i = 0; i < bits; i++) {
+      j = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
+      if(index & (1 << i)) result |= (1ULL << j);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
 
-                d = (s2 - s1) / Max(f, r);
 
-                for (s3 = s1 + d; s3 != s2; s3 += d)
-                    set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
-            }
+  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[],
+                            int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
+                            const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
+                            int deltas[][2]) {
+    int i, j, k, index = 0;
+    Bitboard b;
+    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+      attackIndex[i] = index;
+      mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0ULL, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+      j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
+#else
+      j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
+#endif
+
+      for(k = 0; k < j; k++) {
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+        attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] =
+          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
+#else
+        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+        attacks[index +
+                 (unsigned(int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^
+                           int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32))
+                  >> shift[i])] =
+          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
+#endif
+      }
+      index += j;
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  void init_pseudo_attacks() {
+    Square s;
+    for(s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+      BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+      RookPseudoAttacks[s] = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+      QueenPseudoAttacks[s] = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+    }
   }
 
 }

src/bitboard.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,47 +18,64 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED
 
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "direction.h"
+#include "piece.h"
+#include "square.h"
 #include "types.h"
 
-const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0;
+
+////
+//// Constants and variables
+////
+
+const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0ULL;
+
+const Bitboard WhiteSquaresBB = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AAULL;
+const Bitboard BlackSquaresBB = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
 
 const Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
-const Bitboard FileBBB = FileABB << 1;
-const Bitboard FileCBB = FileABB << 2;
-const Bitboard FileDBB = FileABB << 3;
-const Bitboard FileEBB = FileABB << 4;
-const Bitboard FileFBB = FileABB << 5;
-const Bitboard FileGBB = FileABB << 6;
-const Bitboard FileHBB = FileABB << 7;
+const Bitboard FileBBB = 0x0202020202020202ULL;
+const Bitboard FileCBB = 0x0404040404040404ULL;
+const Bitboard FileDBB = 0x0808080808080808ULL;
+const Bitboard FileEBB = 0x1010101010101010ULL;
+const Bitboard FileFBB = 0x2020202020202020ULL;
+const Bitboard FileGBB = 0x4040404040404040ULL;
+const Bitboard FileHBB = 0x8080808080808080ULL;
 
-const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFF;
-const Bitboard Rank2BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 1);
-const Bitboard Rank3BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 2);
-const Bitboard Rank4BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 3);
-const Bitboard Rank5BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 4);
-const Bitboard Rank6BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 5);
-const Bitboard Rank7BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 6);
-const Bitboard Rank8BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 7);
+const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFFULL;
+const Bitboard Rank2BB = 0xFF00ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank3BB = 0xFF0000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank4BB = 0xFF000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank5BB = 0xFF00000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank6BB = 0xFF0000000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank7BB = 0xFF000000000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank8BB = 0xFF00000000000000ULL;
 
-extern Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
-extern Bitboard FileBB[8];
-extern Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
-extern Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
-extern Bitboard RankBB[8];
-extern Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8];
+extern const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
+extern const Bitboard FileBB[8];
+extern const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
+extern const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
+extern const Bitboard RankBB[8];
+extern const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8];
+extern const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8];
 
 extern Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
 extern Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
 
-extern Bitboard StepAttacksBB[16][64];
+extern Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
+extern Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
 extern Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
 
-extern Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
 extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-extern Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
+extern Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
 
 extern const uint64_t RMult[64];
 extern const int RShift[64];
@@ -79,6 +96,10 @@ extern Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
 extern uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
 
 
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
 /// Functions for testing whether a given bit is set in a bitboard, and for
 /// setting and clearing bits.
 
@@ -106,16 +127,16 @@ inline void do_move_bb(Bitboard *b, Bitboard move_bb) {
   *b ^= move_bb;
 }
 
-
-/// rank_bb() and file_bb() take a file or a square as input and return
-/// a bitboard representing all squares on the given file or rank.
+/// rank_bb() and file_bb() gives a bitboard containing all squares on a given
+/// file or rank.  It is also possible to pass a square as input to these
+/// functions.
 
 inline Bitboard rank_bb(Rank r) {
   return RankBB[r];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard rank_bb(Square s) {
-  return RankBB[square_rank(s)];
+  return rank_bb(square_rank(s));
 }
 
 inline Bitboard file_bb(File f) {
@@ -123,11 +144,11 @@ inline Bitboard file_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard file_bb(Square s) {
-  return FileBB[square_file(s)];
+  return file_bb(square_file(s));
 }
 
 
-/// neighboring_files_bb takes a file or a square as input and returns a
+/// neighboring_files_bb takes a file or a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard representing all squares on the neighboring files.
 
 inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
@@ -135,19 +156,31 @@ inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return NeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
+  return neighboring_files_bb(square_file(s));
 }
 
 
-/// this_and_neighboring_files_bb takes a file or a square as input and returns
-/// a bitboard representing all squares on the given and neighboring files.
+/// this_and_neighboring_files_bb takes a file or a square as input, and
+/// returns a bitboard representing all squares on the given and neighboring
+/// files.
 
 inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
   return ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[f];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
+  return this_and_neighboring_files_bb(square_file(s));
+}
+
+
+/// relative_rank_bb() takes a color and a rank as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// representing all squares on the given rank from the given color's point of
+/// view. For instance, relative_rank_bb(WHITE, 7) gives all squares on the
+/// 7th rank, while relative_rank_bb(BLACK, 7) gives all squares on the 2nd
+/// rank.
+
+inline Bitboard relative_rank_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
+  return RelativeRankBB[c][r];
 }
 
 
@@ -162,7 +195,28 @@ inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return InFrontBB[c][square_rank(s)];
+  return in_front_bb(c, square_rank(s));
+}
+
+
+/// behind_bb() takes a color and a rank or square as input, and returns a
+/// bitboard representing all the squares on all ranks behind of the rank
+/// (or square), from the given color's point of view.
+
+inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
+  return InFrontBB[opposite_color(c)][r];
+}
+
+inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Square s) {
+  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), square_rank(s));
+}
+
+
+/// ray_bb() gives a bitboard representing all squares along the ray in a
+/// given direction from a given square.
+
+inline Bitboard ray_bb(Square s, SignedDirection d) {
+  return RayBB[s][d];
 }
 
 
@@ -188,13 +242,17 @@ inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
 inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
   return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] +
-        (unsigned(int(b) * int(RMult[s]) ^ int(b >> 32) * int(RMult[s] >> 32)) >> RShift[s])];
+                  (unsigned(int(b) * int(RMult[s]) ^
+                            int(b >> 32) * int(RMult[s] >> 32))
+                   >> RShift[s])];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
   return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] +
-        (unsigned(int(b) * int(BMult[s]) ^ int(b >> 32) * int(BMult[s] >> 32)) >> BShift[s])];
+                  (unsigned(int(b) * int(BMult[s]) ^
+                            int(b >> 32) * int(BMult[s] >> 32))
+                   >> BShift[s])];
 }
 
 #endif
@@ -216,40 +274,46 @@ inline Bitboard squares_between(Square s1, Square s2) {
 
 /// squares_in_front_of takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard representing all squares along the line in front of the square,
-/// from the point of view of the given color. Definition of the table is:
-/// SquaresInFrontOf[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s)
+/// from the point of view of the given color.  For instance,
+/// squares_in_front_of(BLACK, SQ_E4) returns a bitboard with the squares
+/// e3, e2 and e1 set.
 
 inline Bitboard squares_in_front_of(Color c, Square s) {
-  return SquaresInFrontMask[c][s];
+  return in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
+}
+
+
+/// squares_behind is similar to squares_in_front, but returns the squares
+/// behind the square instead of in front of the square.
+
+inline Bitboard squares_behind(Color c, Square s) {
+  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), s) & file_bb(s);
 }
 
 
 /// passed_pawn_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard mask which can be used to test if a pawn of the given color on
-/// the given square is a passed pawn. Definition of the table is:
-/// PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s)
+/// the given square is a passed pawn.
 
 inline Bitboard passed_pawn_mask(Color c, Square s) {
   return PassedPawnMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// attack_span_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
-/// representing all squares that can be attacked by a pawn of the given color
-/// when it moves along its file starting from the given square. Definition is:
-/// AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
+/// outpost_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// mask which can be used to test whether a piece on the square can possibly
+/// be driven away by an enemy pawn.
 
-inline Bitboard attack_span_mask(Color c, Square s) {
-  return AttackSpanMask[c][s];
+inline Bitboard outpost_mask(Color c, Square s) {
+  return OutpostMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// squares_aligned returns true if the squares s1, s2 and s3 are aligned
-/// either on a straight or on a diagonal line.
+/// isolated_pawn_mask takes a square as input, and returns a bitboard mask
+/// which can be used to test whether a pawn on the given square is isolated.
 
-inline bool squares_aligned(Square s1, Square s2, Square s3) {
-  return  (BetweenBB[s1][s2] | BetweenBB[s1][s3] | BetweenBB[s2][s3])
-        & ((1ULL << s1) | (1ULL << s2) | (1ULL << s3));
+inline Bitboard isolated_pawn_mask(Square s) {
+  return neighboring_files_bb(s);
 }
 
 
@@ -257,25 +321,15 @@ inline bool squares_aligned(Square s1, Square s2, Square s3) {
 /// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
 /// nonzero bitboard.
 
-#if defined(USE_BSFQ)
+#if defined(USE_BSFQ) // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
 
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-
-FORCE_INLINE Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-   unsigned long index;
-   _BitScanForward64(&index, b);
-   return (Square) index;
-}
-#else
-
-FORCE_INLINE Square first_1(Bitboard b) { // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
+inline Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
   Bitboard dummy;
   __asm__("bsfq %1, %0": "=r"(dummy): "rm"(b) );
-  return (Square) dummy;
+  return (Square)(dummy);
 }
-#endif
 
-FORCE_INLINE Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
+inline Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
   const Square s = first_1(*b);
   *b &= ~(1ULL<<s);
   return s;
@@ -289,7 +343,13 @@ extern Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b);
 #endif
 
 
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
 extern void print_bitboard(Bitboard b);
 extern void init_bitboards();
+extern int bitScanReverse32(uint32_t b);
+
 
 #endif // !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitcount.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,28 +18,79 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED
 
 #include "types.h"
 
-enum BitCountType {
-    CNT64,
-    CNT64_MAX15,
-    CNT32,
-    CNT32_MAX15,
-    CNT_POPCNT
-};
+// Select type of intrinsic bit count instruction to use, see
+// README.txt on how to pgo compile with POPCNT support.
 
-/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
-/// We have different optimized versions according if platform
-/// is 32 or 64 bits, and to the maximum number of nonzero bits.
-/// We also support hardware popcnt instruction. See Readme.txt
-/// on how to pgo compile with popcnt support.
-template<BitCountType> inline int count_1s(Bitboard);
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Intel compiler
 
-template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT64>(Bitboard b) {
+#include <nmmintrin.h>
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
+
+  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
+  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
+  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) _mm_popcnt_u64(x)
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Microsoft compiler
+
+#include <intrin.h>
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
+
+  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
+  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
+  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) __popcnt64(x)
+
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Gcc compiler
+
+inline void __cpuid(unsigned int op,
+                    unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx,
+                    unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
+{
+  *eax = op;
+  *ecx = 0;
+  __asm__("cpuid" : "=a" (*eax), "=b" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx)
+                  : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx));
+}
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
+
+  unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
+  __cpuid(1, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
+  return (ecx >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) ({ \
+   unsigned long __ret; \
+   __asm__("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (__ret) : "r" (x)); \
+   __ret; })
+
+#else // Safe fallback for unsupported compilers or when USE_POPCNT is disabled
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() { return false; }
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) 0
+
+#endif // cpu_has_popcnt() and POPCNT_INTRINSIC() definitions
+
+
+/// Software implementation of bit count functions
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
   b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
   b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
   b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
@@ -47,16 +98,16 @@ inline int count_1s<CNT64>(Bitboard b) {
   return int(b >> 56);
 }
 
-template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT64_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
   b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
   b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
   b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
   return int(b >> 60);
 }
 
-template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT32>(Bitboard b) {
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
   unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
   v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
   w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
@@ -68,8 +119,7 @@ inline int count_1s<CNT32>(Bitboard b) {
   return int(v >> 24);
 }
 
-template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT32_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
   unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
   v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
   w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
@@ -80,19 +130,38 @@ inline int count_1s<CNT32_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
   return int(v >> 28);
 }
 
-template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT_POPCNT>(Bitboard b) {
-#if !defined(USE_POPCNT)
-  return int(b != 0); // Avoid 'b not used' warning
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-  return _mm_popcnt_u64(b);
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-  return (int)__popcnt64(b);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-  unsigned long ret;
-  __asm__("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (ret) : "r" (b));
-  return ret;
-#endif
+#endif // BITCOUNT
+
+
+/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+/// If template parameter is true an intrinsic is called, otherwise
+/// we fallback on a software implementation.
+
+template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s(b);
 }
 
+template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s_max_15(b);
+}
+
+
+// Global constant initialized at startup that is set to true if
+// CPU on which application runs supports POPCNT intrinsic. Unless
+// USE_POPCNT is not defined.
+const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = cpu_has_popcnt();
+
+
+// Global constant used to print info about the use of 64 optimized
+// functions to verify that a 64 bit compile has been correctly built.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+const bool CpuHas64BitPath = true;
+#else
+const bool CpuHas64BitPath = false;
+#endif
+
 #endif // !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)

src/book.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -20,21 +20,42 @@
 
 /*
   The code in this file is based on the opening book code in PolyGlot
-  by Fabien Letouzey. PolyGlot is available under the GNU General
+  by Fabien Letouzey.  PolyGlot is available under the GNU General
   Public License, and can be downloaded from http://wbec-ridderkerk.nl
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
-#include <iostream>
 
 #include "book.h"
+#include "mersenne.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
+////
+//// Global variables
+////
+
+Book OpeningBook;
+
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
 namespace {
 
-  // Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
+  /// Book entry size in bytes
+  const int EntrySize = 16;
+
+
+  /// Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
+
   const uint64_t Random64[781] = {
     0x9D39247E33776D41ULL, 0x2AF7398005AAA5C7ULL, 0x44DB015024623547ULL,
     0x9C15F73E62A76AE2ULL, 0x75834465489C0C89ULL, 0x3290AC3A203001BFULL,
@@ -299,62 +320,31 @@ namespace {
     0xF8D626AAAF278509ULL
   };
 
-  // Indices to the Random64[] array
-  const int PieceIdx     = 0;
-  const int CastleIdx    = 768;
-  const int EnPassantIdx = 772;
-  const int TurnIdx      = 780;
 
-  // book_key() builds up a PolyGlot hash key out of a position
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos) {
+  /// Indices to the Random64[] array
 
-    // Piece offset is calculated as (64 * PolyPieceType + square), where
-    // PolyPieceType is: BP = 0, WP = 1, BN = 2, WN = 3 .... BK = 10, WK = 11
-    static const int PieceToPoly[] = { 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
+  const int RandomPiece     = 0;
+  const int RandomCastle    = 768;
+  const int RandomEnPassant = 772;
+  const int RandomTurn      = 780;
 
-    uint64_t result = 0;
-    Bitboard b = pos.occupied_squares();
 
-    while (b)
-    {
-        Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        int p = PieceToPoly[int(pos.piece_on(s))];
-        result ^= Random64[PieceIdx + 64 * p + int(s)];
-    }
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 0];
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 1];
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 2];
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 3];
-
-    if (pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
-        result ^= Random64[EnPassantIdx + square_file(pos.ep_square())];
-
-    if (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE)
-        result ^= Random64[TurnIdx];
-
-    return result;
-  }
+  /// Prototypes
 
+  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos);
+  uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s);
+  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos);
+  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos);
+  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos);
 }
 
 
-/// Book c'tor. Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
-Book::Book() {
-
-  for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
-      RKiss.rand<unsigned>();
-}
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
 
-/// Book destructor. Be sure file is closed before we leave.
+/// Destructor. Be sure file is closed before we leave.
 
 Book::~Book() {
 
@@ -362,121 +352,102 @@ Book::~Book() {
 }
 
 
+/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
+
+void Book::open(const string& fName) {
+
+  // Close old file before opening the new
+  close();
+
+  fileName = fName;
+  ifstream::open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
+  if (!is_open())
+      return;
+
+  // Get the book size in number of entries
+  seekg(0, ios::end);
+  bookSize = tellg() / EntrySize;
+  seekg(0, ios::beg);
+
+  if (!good())
+  {
+      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
+  }
+}
+
+
 /// Book::close() closes the file only if it is open, otherwise
 /// we can end up in a little mess due to how std::ifstream works.
 
 void Book::close() {
 
-  if (bookFile.is_open())
-      bookFile.close();
-
-  bookName = "";
+  if (is_open())
+      ifstream::close();
 }
 
 
-/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
+/// Book::file_name() returns the file name of the currently active book,
+/// or the empty string if no book is open.
 
-void Book::open(const string& fileName) {
+const string Book::file_name() const {
 
-  // Close old file before opening the new
-  close();
-
-  bookFile.open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
-
-  // Silently return when asked to open a non-exsistent file
-  if (!bookFile.is_open())
-      return;
-
-  // Get the book size in number of entries
-  bookFile.seekg(0, ios::end);
-  bookSize = long(bookFile.tellg()) / sizeof(BookEntry);
-
-  if (!bookFile.good())
-  {
-      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-  }
-
-  // Set only if successful
-  bookName = fileName;
+  return is_open() ? fileName : "";
 }
 
 
 /// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position. Returns
-/// MOVE_NONE if no book move is found. If findBestMove is true then
-/// return always the highest rated book move.
+/// MOVE_NONE if no book move is found.
 
-Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove) {
+Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos) {
 
-  if (!bookFile.is_open() || bookSize == 0)
+  if (!is_open() || bookSize == 0)
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  BookEntry entry;
-  int bookMove = MOVE_NONE;
-  unsigned score, scoresSum = 0, bestScore = 0;
+  int bookMove = 0, scoresSum = 0;
   uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
+  BookEntry entry;
 
   // Choose a book move among the possible moves for the given position
-  for (int idx = find_entry(key); idx < bookSize; idx++)
+  for (int idx = find_key(key); idx < bookSize; idx++)
   {
-      entry = read_entry(idx);
-
+      read_entry(entry, idx);
       if (entry.key != key)
           break;
 
-      score = entry.count;
+      int score = entry.count;
 
-      if (!findBestMove)
-      {
-          // Choose book move according to its score. If a move has a very
-          // high score it has more probability to be choosen then a one with
-          // lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
-          scoresSum += score;
-          if (RKiss.rand<unsigned>() % scoresSum < score)
-              bookMove = entry.move;
-      }
-      else if (score > bestScore)
-      {
-          bestScore = score;
+      assert(score > 0);
+
+      // Choose book move according to its score. If a move has a very
+      // high score it has more probability to be choosen then a one with
+      // lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
+      scoresSum += score;
+      if (int(genrand_int32() % scoresSum) < score)
           bookMove = entry.move;
-      }
   }
+  if (!bookMove)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  // A PolyGlot book move is encoded as follows:
-  //
-  // bit  0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
-  // bit  6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
-  // bit 12-13-14: promotion piece (from KNIGHT == 1 to QUEEN == 4)
-  //
-  // Castling moves follow "king captures rook" representation. So in case
-  // book move is a promotion we have to convert to our representation, in
-  // all other cases we can directly compare with a Move after having
-  // masked out special Move's flags that are not supported by PolyGlot.
-  int p = (bookMove >> 12) & 7;
-
-  if (p)
-      bookMove = int(make_promotion_move(move_from(Move(bookMove)),
-                 move_to(Move(bookMove)), PieceType(p + 1)));
-
-  // Verify the book move (if any) is legal
-  MoveStack mlist[MAX_MOVES];
-  MoveStack* last = generate<MV_LEGAL>(pos, mlist);
+  MoveStack mlist[256];
+  MoveStack* last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
   for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-      if ((int(cur->move) & ~(3 << 14)) == bookMove) // Mask out special flags
+      if ((int(cur->move) & 07777) == bookMove)
           return cur->move;
 
   return MOVE_NONE;
 }
 
 
-/// Book::find_entry() takes a book key as input, and does a binary search
+/// Book::find_key() takes a book key as input, and does a binary search
 /// through the book file for the given key. The index to the first book
 /// entry with the same key as the input is returned. When the key is not
 /// found in the book file, bookSize is returned.
 
-int Book::find_entry(uint64_t key) {
+int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) {
 
   int left, right, mid;
+  BookEntry entry;
 
   // Binary search (finds the leftmost entry)
   left = 0;
@@ -490,7 +461,8 @@ int Book::find_entry(uint64_t key) {
 
       assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
 
-      if (key <= read_entry(mid).key)
+      read_entry(entry, mid);
+      if (key <= entry.key)
           right = mid;
       else
           left = mid + 1;
@@ -498,43 +470,114 @@ int Book::find_entry(uint64_t key) {
 
   assert(left == right);
 
-  return read_entry(left).key == key ? left : bookSize;
+  read_entry(entry, left);
+  return (entry.key == key)? left : bookSize;
 }
 
 
-/// Book::get_number() reads sizeof(T) chars from the file's binary byte
-/// stream and converts them in a number of type T.
-template<typename T>
-void Book::get_number(T& n) {
+/// Book::read_entry() takes a BookEntry reference and an integer index as
+/// input, and looks up the opening book entry at the given index in the book
+/// file. The book entry is copied to the first input parameter.
 
-  n = 0;
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(T); i++)
-      n = (n << 8) + (T)bookFile.get();
-}
-
-
-/// Book::read_entry() takes an integer index, and returns the BookEntry
-/// at the given index in the book file.
-
-BookEntry Book::read_entry(int idx) {
+void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int idx) {
 
   assert(idx >= 0 && idx < bookSize);
-  assert(bookFile.is_open());
+  assert(is_open());
 
-  BookEntry e;
-
-  bookFile.seekg(idx * sizeof(BookEntry), ios_base::beg);
-
-  get_number(e.key);
-  get_number(e.move);
-  get_number(e.count);
-  get_number(e.learn);
-
-  if (!bookFile.good())
+  seekg(idx * EntrySize, ios_base::beg);
+  *this >> entry;
+  if (!good())
   {
       cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << idx << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
+  }
+}
+
+
+/// Book::read_integer() reads size chars from the file stream
+/// and converts them in an integer number.
+
+uint64_t Book::read_integer(int size) {
+
+  char buf[8];
+  read(buf, size);
+
+  // Numbers are stored on disk as a binary byte stream
+  uint64_t n = 0ULL;
+  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
+      n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
+
+  return n;
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos) {
+
+    uint64_t result = 0ULL;
+
+    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+    {
+        Bitboard b = pos.pieces_of_color(c);
+
+        while (b)
+        {
+            Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+            Piece p = pos.piece_on(s);
+
+            assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+            assert(color_of_piece(p) == c);
+
+            result ^= book_piece_key(p, s);
+        }
+    }
+    result ^= book_castle_key(pos);
+    result ^= book_ep_key(pos);
+    result ^= book_color_key(pos);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+
+  uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s) {
+
+    /// Convert pieces to the range 0..11
+    static const int PieceTo12[] = { 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 };
+
+    return Random64[RandomPiece + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1) * 64 + int(s)];
+  }
+
+
+  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos) {
+
+    uint64_t result = 0ULL;
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+0];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+1];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+2];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+3];
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+
+  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos) {
+    return (pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? 0ULL : Random64[RandomEnPassant + square_file(pos.ep_square())]);
+  }
+
+
+  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos) {
+    return (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE ? Random64[RandomTurn] : 0ULL);
   }
-  return e;
 }

src/book.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,46 +17,68 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+/*
+  The code in this file is based on the opening book code in PolyGlot
+  by Fabien Letouzey.  PolyGlot is available under the GNU General
+  Public License, and can be downloaded from http://wbec-ridderkerk.nl
+*/
+
+
 #if !defined(BOOK_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BOOK_H_INCLUDED
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <fstream>
 #include <string>
 
 #include "move.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "rkiss.h"
 
 
-// A Polyglot book is a series of "entries" of 16 bytes. All integers are
-// stored highest byte first (regardless of size). The entries are ordered
-// according to key. Lowest key first.
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
 struct BookEntry {
   uint64_t key;
   uint16_t move;
   uint16_t count;
-  uint32_t learn;
+  uint16_t n;
+  uint16_t sum;
 };
 
-class Book {
+class Book : private std::ifstream {
 public:
-  Book();
   ~Book();
-  void open(const std::string& fileName);
+  void open(const std::string& fName);
   void close();
-  Move get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove);
-  const std::string name() const { return bookName; }
+  const std::string file_name() const;
+  Move get_move(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
-  template<typename T> void get_number(T& n);
+  Book& operator>>(uint64_t& n) { n = read_integer(8); return *this; }
+  Book& operator>>(uint16_t& n) { n = (uint16_t)read_integer(2); return *this; }
+  void operator>>(BookEntry& e) { *this >> e.key >> e.move >> e.count >> e.n >> e.sum; }
 
-  BookEntry read_entry(int idx);
-  int find_entry(uint64_t key);
+  uint64_t read_integer(int size);
+  void read_entry(BookEntry& e, int n);
+  int find_key(uint64_t key);
 
-  std::ifstream bookFile;
-  std::string bookName;
+  std::string fileName;
   int bookSize;
-  RKISS RKiss;
 };
 
+
+////
+//// Global variables
+////
+
+extern Book OpeningBook;
+
+
 #endif // !defined(BOOK_H_INCLUDED)

src/color.h

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)
+#define COLOR_H_INCLUDED
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum Color {
+  WHITE,
+  BLACK,
+  COLOR_NONE
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline void operator++ (Color &c, int) { c = Color(int(c) + 1); }
+
+inline Color opposite_color(Color c) {
+  return Color(int(c) ^ 1);
+}
+
+inline bool color_is_ok(Color c) {
+  return c == WHITE || c == BLACK;
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)

src/depth.h

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(DEPTH_H_INCLUDED)
+#define DEPTH_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum Depth {
+  DEPTH_ZERO = 0,
+  DEPTH_MAX = 200  // 100 * OnePly;
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Constants
+////
+
+const Depth OnePly = Depth(2);
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline Depth operator+ (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) + i); }
+inline Depth operator+ (Depth d1, Depth d2) { return Depth(int(d1) + int(d2)); }
+inline void operator+= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) + i); }
+inline void operator+= (Depth &d1, Depth d2) { d1 += int(d2); }
+inline Depth operator- (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) - i); }
+inline Depth operator- (Depth d1, Depth d2) { return Depth(int(d1) - int(d2)); }
+inline void operator-= (Depth & d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) - i); }
+inline Depth operator* (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) * i); }
+inline Depth operator* (int i, Depth d) { return Depth(int(d) * i); }
+inline void operator*= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) * i); }
+inline Depth operator/ (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) / i); }
+inline void operator/= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) / i); }
+
+
+#endif // !defined(DEPTH_H_INCLUDED)

src/direction.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "direction.h"
+#include "square.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  const SquareDelta directionToDelta[] = {
+      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+  };
+
+  bool reachable(Square orig, Square dest, SignedDirection dir) {
+
+    SquareDelta delta = directionToDelta[dir];
+    Square from = orig;
+    Square to = from + delta;
+    while (to != dest && square_distance(to, from) == 1 && square_is_ok(to))
+    {
+        from = to;
+        to += delta;
+    }
+    return (to == dest && square_distance(from, to) == 1);
+  }
+
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+uint8_t DirectionTable[64][64];
+uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+void init_direction_table() {
+
+  for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+      for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
+      {
+          DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(DIR_NONE);
+          SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(SIGNED_DIR_NONE);
+          if (s1 == s2)
+              continue;
+
+          for (SignedDirection d = SIGNED_DIR_E; d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE; d++)
+          {
+              if (reachable(s1, s2, d))
+              {
+                  SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d);
+                  DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d / 2);
+                  break;
+              }
+          }
+      }
+}

src/direction.h

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(DIRECTION_H_INCLUDED)
+#define DIRECTION_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "square.h"
+#include "types.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum Direction {
+  DIR_E = 0, DIR_N = 1, DIR_NE = 2, DIR_NW = 3, DIR_NONE = 4
+};
+
+enum SignedDirection {
+  SIGNED_DIR_E  = 0, SIGNED_DIR_W  = 1,
+  SIGNED_DIR_N  = 2, SIGNED_DIR_S  = 3,
+  SIGNED_DIR_NE = 4, SIGNED_DIR_SW = 5,
+  SIGNED_DIR_NW = 6, SIGNED_DIR_SE = 7,
+  SIGNED_DIR_NONE = 8
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+extern uint8_t DirectionTable[64][64];
+extern uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline void operator++ (Direction& d, int) {
+  d = Direction(int(d) + 1);
+}
+
+inline void operator++ (SignedDirection& d, int) {
+  d = SignedDirection(int(d) + 1);
+}
+
+inline Direction direction_between_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return Direction(DirectionTable[s1][s2]);
+}
+
+inline SignedDirection signed_direction_between_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return SignedDirection(SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2]);
+}
+
+inline int direction_is_diagonal(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return DirectionTable[s1][s2] & 2;
+}
+
+inline bool direction_is_straight(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return DirectionTable[s1][s2] < 2;
+}
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern void init_direction_table();
+
+
+#endif // !defined(DIRECTION_H_INCLUDED)

src/endgame.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,21 +17,27 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
 
+#include "bitbase.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
 #include "endgame.h"
-#include "pawns.h"
 
-using std::string;
 
-extern uint32_t probe_kpk_bitbase(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color stm);
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
 
 namespace {
 
   // Table used to drive the defending king towards the edge of the board
   // in KX vs K and KQ vs KR endgames.
-  const int MateTable[64] = {
+  const uint8_t MateTable[64] = {
     100, 90, 80, 70, 70, 80, 90, 100,
      90, 70, 60, 50, 50, 60, 70,  90,
      80, 60, 40, 30, 30, 40, 60,  80,
@@ -44,7 +50,7 @@ namespace {
 
   // Table used to drive the defending king towards a corner square of the
   // right color in KBN vs K endgames.
-  const int KBNKMateTable[64] = {
+  const uint8_t KBNKMateTable[64] = {
     200, 190, 180, 170, 160, 150, 140, 130,
     190, 180, 170, 160, 150, 140, 130, 140,
     180, 170, 155, 140, 140, 125, 140, 150,
@@ -59,136 +65,75 @@ namespace {
   // the two kings in basic endgames.
   const int DistanceBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 10 };
 
+  // Bitbase for KP vs K
+  uint8_t KPKBitbase[24576];
+
   // Penalty for big distance between king and knight for the defending king
   // and knight in KR vs KN endgames.
   const int KRKNKingKnightDistancePenalty[8] = { 0, 0, 4, 10, 20, 32, 48, 70 };
 
-  // Build corresponding key code for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
-  const string swap_colors(const string& keyCode) {
-
-    size_t idx = keyCode.find('K', 1);
-    return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
+  // Various inline functions for accessing the above arrays
+  inline Value mate_table(Square s) {
+    return Value(MateTable[s]);
   }
 
-  // Get the material key of a position out of the given endgame key code
-  // like "KBPKN". The trick here is to first build up a FEN string and then
-  // let a Position object to do the work for us. Note that the FEN string
-  // could correspond to an illegal position.
-  Key mat_key(const string& keyCode) {
-
-    assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode.length() < 8);
-    assert(keyCode[0] == 'K');
-
-    string fen;
-    size_t i = 0;
-
-    // First add white and then black pieces
-    do fen += keyCode[i];                while (keyCode[++i] != 'K');
-    do fen += char(tolower(keyCode[i])); while (++i < keyCode.length());
-
-    // Add file padding and remaining empty ranks
-    fen += string(1, '0' + int(8 - keyCode.length())) + "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w - -";
-
-    // Build a Position out of the fen string and get its material key
-    return Position(fen, false, 0).get_material_key();
+  inline Value kbnk_mate_table(Square s) {
+    return Value(KBNKMateTable[s]);
   }
 
-  typedef EndgameBase<Value> EF;
-  typedef EndgameBase<ScaleFactor> SF;
+  inline Value distance_bonus(int d) {
+    return Value(DistanceBonus[d]);
+  }
 
-} // namespace
+  inline Value krkn_king_knight_distance_penalty(int d) {
+    return Value(KRKNKingKnightDistancePenalty[d]);
+  }
 
+  // Function for probing the KP vs K bitbase
+  int probe_kpk(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color stm);
 
-/// Endgames member definitions
-
-template<> const Endgames::EFMap& Endgames::get<EF>() const { return maps.first; }
-template<> const Endgames::SFMap& Endgames::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
-
-Endgames::Endgames() {
-
-  add<Endgame<Value, KNNK>  >("KNNK");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KPK>   >("KPK");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KBNK>  >("KBNK");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KRKP>  >("KRKP");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KRKB>  >("KRKB");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KRKN>  >("KRKN");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KQKR>  >("KQKR");
-  add<Endgame<Value, KBBKN> >("KBBKN");
-
-  add<Endgame<ScaleFactor, KNPK>    >("KNPK");
-  add<Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>   >("KRPKR");
-  add<Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKB>   >("KBPKB");
-  add<Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPPKB>  >("KBPPKB");
-  add<Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKN>   >("KBPKN");
-  add<Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
 }
 
-Endgames::~Endgames() {
-
-  for (EFMap::const_iterator it = get<EF>().begin(); it != get<EF>().end(); ++it)
-      delete it->second;
-
-  for (SFMap::const_iterator it = get<SF>().begin(); it != get<SF>().end(); ++it)
-      delete it->second;
-}
-
-template<class T>
-void Endgames::add(const string& keyCode) {
-
-  typedef typename T::Base F;
-  typedef std::map<Key, F*> M;
-
-  const_cast<M&>(get<F>()).insert(std::pair<Key, F*>(mat_key(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
-  const_cast<M&>(get<F>()).insert(std::pair<Key, F*>(mat_key(swap_colors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
-}
-
-template<class T>
-T* Endgames::get(Key key) const {
-
-  typename std::map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it = get<T>().find(key);
-  return it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL;
-}
-
-// Explicit template instantiations
-template EF* Endgames::get<EF>(Key key) const;
-template SF* Endgames::get<SF>(Key key) const;
 
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
 /// Mate with KX vs K. This function is used to evaluate positions with
 /// King and plenty of material vs a lone king. It simply gives the
 /// attacking side a bonus for driving the defending king towards the edge
 /// of the board, and for keeping the distance between the two kings small.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == Value(0));
 
   Square winnerKSq = pos.king_square(strongerSide);
   Square loserKSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
 
   Value result =   pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide)
                  + pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) * PawnValueEndgame
-                 + MateTable[loserKSq]
-                 + DistanceBonus[square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq)];
+                 + mate_table(loserKSq)
+                 + distance_bonus(square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq));
 
-  if (   pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN)
-      || pos.piece_count(strongerSide, ROOK)
+  if (   pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN) > 0
+      || pos.piece_count(strongerSide, ROOK) > 0
       || pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) > 1)
       // TODO: check for two equal-colored bishops!
       result += VALUE_KNOWN_WIN;
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
 }
 
 
 /// Mate with KBN vs K. This is similar to KX vs K, but we have to drive the
 /// defending king towards a corner square of the right color.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == KnightValueMidgame + BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, KNIGHT) == 1);
@@ -198,29 +143,26 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   Square loserKSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   Square bishopSquare = pos.piece_list(strongerSide, BISHOP, 0);
 
-  // kbnk_mate_table() tries to drive toward corners A1 or H8,
-  // if we have a bishop that cannot reach the above squares we
-  // mirror the kings so to drive enemy toward corners A8 or H1.
-  if (opposite_color_squares(bishopSquare, SQ_A1))
+  if (square_color(bishopSquare) == BLACK)
   {
       winnerKSq = flop_square(winnerKSq);
       loserKSq = flop_square(loserKSq);
   }
 
   Value result =  VALUE_KNOWN_WIN
-                + DistanceBonus[square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq)]
-                + KBNKMateTable[loserKSq];
+                + distance_bonus(square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq))
+                + kbnk_mate_table(loserKSq);
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
 }
 
 
 /// KP vs K. This endgame is evaluated with the help of a bitbase.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
@@ -244,19 +186,19 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   if (square_file(wpsq) >= FILE_E)
   {
-      wksq = flop_square(wksq);
-      bksq = flop_square(bksq);
-      wpsq = flop_square(wpsq);
+    wksq = flop_square(wksq);
+    bksq = flop_square(bksq);
+    wpsq = flop_square(wpsq);
   }
 
-  if (!probe_kpk_bitbase(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm))
+  if (!probe_kpk(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm))
       return VALUE_DRAW;
 
   Value result =  VALUE_KNOWN_WIN
                 + PawnValueEndgame
                 + Value(square_rank(wpsq));
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
 }
 
 
@@ -265,7 +207,7 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// far advanced with support of the king, while the attacking king is far
 /// away.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -297,7 +239,7 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   // If the weaker side's king is too far from the pawn and the rook,
   // it's a win
-  else if (   square_distance(bksq, bpsq) - (tempo ^ 1) >= 3
+  else if (   square_distance(bksq, bpsq) - (tempo^1) >= 3
            && square_distance(bksq, wrsq) >= 3)
       result = RookValueEndgame - Value(square_distance(wksq, bpsq));
 
@@ -315,14 +257,14 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
               + Value(square_distance(bksq, bpsq + DELTA_S) * 8)
               + Value(square_distance(bpsq, queeningSq) * 8);
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
 }
 
 
 /// KR vs KB. This is very simple, and always returns drawish scores.  The
 /// score is slightly bigger when the defending king is close to the edge.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -330,15 +272,15 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
 
-  Value result = Value(MateTable[pos.king_square(weakerSide)]);
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  Value result = mate_table(pos.king_square(weakerSide));
+  return (pos.side_to_move() == strongerSide ? result : -result);
 }
 
 
 /// KR vs KN.  The attacking side has slightly better winning chances than
 /// in KR vs KB, particularly if the king and the knight are far apart.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -349,12 +291,10 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   Square defendingKSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   Square nSq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, KNIGHT, 0);
 
-  int d = square_distance(defendingKSq, nSq);
-  Value result =   Value(10)
-                 + MateTable[defendingKSq]
-                 + KRKNKingKnightDistancePenalty[d];
+  Value result = Value(10) + mate_table(defendingKSq) +
+    krkn_king_knight_distance_penalty(square_distance(defendingKSq, nSq));
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move())? result : -result;
 }
 
 
@@ -364,7 +304,7 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// for the defending side in the search, this is usually sufficient to be
 /// able to win KQ vs KR.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == QueenValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -376,14 +316,14 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   Value result =  QueenValueEndgame
                 - RookValueEndgame
-                + MateTable[loserKSq]
-                + DistanceBonus[square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq)];
+                + mate_table(loserKSq)
+                + distance_bonus(square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq));
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move())? result : -result;
 }
 
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 2);
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == 2*BishopValueMidgame);
@@ -397,37 +337,37 @@ Value Endgame<Value, KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   Square nsq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, KNIGHT, 0);
 
   // Bonus for attacking king close to defending king
-  result += Value(DistanceBonus[square_distance(wksq, bksq)]);
+  result += distance_bonus(square_distance(wksq, bksq));
 
   // Bonus for driving the defending king and knight apart
   result += Value(square_distance(bksq, nsq) * 32);
 
   // Bonus for restricting the knight's mobility
-  result += Value((8 - count_1s<CNT32_MAX15>(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(nsq))) * 8);
+  result += Value((8 - count_1s_max_15(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(nsq))) * 8);
 
-  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
+  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
 }
 
 
 /// K and two minors vs K and one or two minors or K and two knights against
 /// king alone are always draw.
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) const {
-  return VALUE_DRAW;
+Value EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) {
+  return Value(0);
 }
 
 template<>
-Value Endgame<Value, KNNK>::apply(const Position&) const {
-  return VALUE_DRAW;
+Value EvaluationFunction<KNNK>::apply(const Position&) {
+  return Value(0);
 }
 
 /// KBPKScalingFunction scales endgames where the stronger side has king,
 /// bishop and one or more pawns. It checks for draws with rook pawns and a
-/// bishop of the wrong color. If such a draw is detected, SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO is
+/// bishop of the wrong color. If such a draw is detected, ScaleFactor(0) is
 /// returned. If not, the return value is SCALE_FACTOR_NONE, i.e. no scaling
 /// will be used.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -447,8 +387,8 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
       Square queeningSq = relative_square(strongerSide, make_square(pawnFile, RANK_8));
       Square kingSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
 
-      if (   opposite_color_squares(queeningSq, bishopSq)
-          && abs(square_file(kingSq) - pawnFile) <= 1)
+      if (   square_color(queeningSq) != square_color(bishopSq)
+          && file_distance(square_file(kingSq), pawnFile) <= 1)
       {
           // The bishop has the wrong color, and the defending king is on the
           // file of the pawn(s) or the neighboring file. Find the rank of the
@@ -461,15 +401,15 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
           }
           else
           {
-              for (rank = RANK_2; (rank_bb(rank) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB; rank++) {}
-              rank = Rank(rank ^ 7);  // HACK to get the relative rank
+              for(rank = RANK_2; (rank_bb(rank) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB; rank++) {}
+              rank = Rank(rank^7);  // HACK to get the relative rank
               assert(rank >= RANK_2 && rank <= RANK_7);
           }
           // If the defending king has distance 1 to the promotion square or
           // is placed somewhere in front of the pawn, it's a draw.
           if (   square_distance(kingSq, queeningSq) <= 1
               || relative_rank(strongerSide, kingSq) >= rank)
-              return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+              return ScaleFactor(0);
       }
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
@@ -481,7 +421,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// It tests for fortress draws with a rook on the third rank defended by
 /// a pawn.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == QueenValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN) == 1);
@@ -492,13 +432,13 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   Square kingSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   if (   relative_rank(weakerSide, kingSq) <= RANK_2
       && relative_rank(weakerSide, pos.king_square(strongerSide)) >= RANK_4
-      && (pos.pieces(ROOK, weakerSide) & rank_bb(relative_rank(weakerSide, RANK_3)))
-      && (pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide) & rank_bb(relative_rank(weakerSide, RANK_2)))
+      && (pos.pieces(ROOK, weakerSide) & relative_rank_bb(weakerSide, RANK_3))
+      && (pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide) & relative_rank_bb(weakerSide, RANK_2))
       && (pos.attacks_from<KING>(kingSq) & pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide)))
   {
       Square rsq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, ROOK, 0);
       if (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(rsq, strongerSide) & pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide))
-          return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+          return ScaleFactor(0);
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
@@ -512,7 +452,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// It would also be nice to rewrite the actual code for this function,
 /// which is mostly copied from Glaurung 1.x, and not very pretty.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
@@ -555,7 +495,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
       && square_distance(bksq, queeningSq) <= 1
       && wksq <= SQ_H5
       && (square_rank(brsq) == RANK_6 || (r <= RANK_3 && square_rank(wrsq) != RANK_6)))
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   // The defending side saves a draw by checking from behind in case the pawn
   // has advanced to the 6th rank with the king behind.
@@ -563,13 +503,13 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
       && square_distance(bksq, queeningSq) <= 1
       && square_rank(wksq) + tempo <= RANK_6
       && (square_rank(brsq) == RANK_1 || (!tempo && abs(square_file(brsq) - f) >= 3)))
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   if (   r >= RANK_6
       && bksq == queeningSq
       && square_rank(brsq) == RANK_1
       && (!tempo || square_distance(wksq, wpsq) >= 2))
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   // White pawn on a7 and rook on a8 is a draw if black's king is on g7 or h7
   // and the black rook is behind the pawn.
@@ -578,7 +518,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
       && (bksq == SQ_H7 || bksq == SQ_G7)
       && square_file(brsq) == FILE_A
       && (square_rank(brsq) <= RANK_3 || square_file(wksq) >= FILE_D || square_rank(wksq) <= RANK_5))
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   // If the defending king blocks the pawn and the attacking king is too far
   // away, it's a draw.
@@ -586,7 +526,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
       && bksq == wpsq + DELTA_N
       && square_distance(wksq, wpsq) - tempo >= 2
       && square_distance(wksq, brsq) - tempo >= 2)
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   // Pawn on the 7th rank supported by the rook from behind usually wins if the
   // attacking king is closer to the queening square than the defending king,
@@ -609,8 +549,8 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
           || (    square_distance(wksq, queeningSq) < square_distance(bksq, wrsq) + tempo
               && (square_distance(wksq, wpsq + DELTA_N) < square_distance(bksq, wrsq) + tempo))))
       return ScaleFactor(  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX
-                         - 8 * square_distance(wpsq, queeningSq)
-                         - 2 * square_distance(wksq, queeningSq));
+                         - (8 * square_distance(wpsq, queeningSq)
+                         + 2 * square_distance(wksq, queeningSq)));
 
   // If the pawn is not far advanced, and the defending king is somewhere in
   // the pawn's path, it's probably a draw.
@@ -630,7 +570,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// single pattern: If the stronger side has no pawns and the defending king
 /// is actively placed, the position is drawish.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 2);
@@ -669,35 +609,43 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// against king. There is just a single rule here: If all pawns are on
 /// the same rook file and are blocked by the defending king, it's a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) >= 2);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
-  Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, strongerSide);
 
   // Are all pawns on the 'a' file?
   if ((pawns & ~FileABB) == EmptyBoardBB)
   {
       // Does the defending king block the pawns?
-      if (   square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A8)) <= 1
-          || (   square_file(ksq) == FILE_A
-              && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB))
-          return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
+      if (square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A8)) <= 1)
+          return ScaleFactor(0);
+      else if(   square_file(ksq) == FILE_A
+              && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB)
+          return ScaleFactor(0);
+      else
+          return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
   }
   // Are all pawns on the 'h' file?
   else if ((pawns & ~FileHBB) == EmptyBoardBB)
   {
     // Does the defending king block the pawns?
-    if (   square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H8)) <= 1
-        || (   square_file(ksq) == FILE_H
-            && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB))
-        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+    Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
+    if (square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H8)) <= 1)
+        return ScaleFactor(0);
+    else if (   square_file(ksq) == FILE_H
+             && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB)
+        return ScaleFactor(0);
+    else
+        return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
   }
-  return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
+  else
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
 
 
@@ -707,7 +655,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// it's a draw. If the two bishops have opposite color, it's almost always
 /// a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -724,12 +672,12 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   // Case 1: Defending king blocks the pawn, and cannot be driven away
   if (   square_file(weakerKingSq) == square_file(pawnSq)
       && relative_rank(strongerSide, pawnSq) < relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq)
-      && (   opposite_color_squares(weakerKingSq, strongerBishopSq)
+      && (   square_color(weakerKingSq) != square_color(strongerBishopSq)
           || relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq) <= RANK_6))
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   // Case 2: Opposite colored bishops
-  if (opposite_color_squares(strongerBishopSq, weakerBishopSq))
+  if (square_color(strongerBishopSq) != square_color(weakerBishopSq))
   {
       // We assume that the position is drawn in the following three situations:
       //
@@ -742,17 +690,15 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
       // reasonably well.
 
       if (relative_rank(strongerSide, pawnSq) <= RANK_5)
-          return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+          return ScaleFactor(0);
       else
       {
-          Bitboard path = squares_in_front_of(strongerSide, pawnSq);
-
-          if (path & pos.pieces(KING, weakerSide))
-              return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
-
-          if (  (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(weakerBishopSq) & path)
-              && square_distance(weakerBishopSq, pawnSq) >= 3)
-              return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+          Bitboard ray = ray_bb(pawnSq, (strongerSide == WHITE)? SIGNED_DIR_N : SIGNED_DIR_S);
+          if (ray & pos.pieces(KING, weakerSide))
+              return ScaleFactor(0);
+          if(  (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(weakerBishopSq) & ray)
+             && square_distance(weakerBishopSq, pawnSq) >= 3)
+              return ScaleFactor(0);
       }
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
@@ -762,7 +708,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// KBPPKBScalingFunction scales KBPP vs KB endgames. It detects a few basic
 /// draws with opposite-colored bishops.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -774,7 +720,8 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
   Square wbsq = pos.piece_list(strongerSide, BISHOP, 0);
   Square bbsq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, BISHOP, 0);
 
-  if (!opposite_color_squares(wbsq, bbsq))
+  if (square_color(wbsq) == square_color(bbsq))
+      // Not opposite-colored bishops, no scaling
       return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 
   Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
@@ -802,8 +749,8 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
     // some square in the frontmost pawn's path.
     if (   square_file(ksq) == square_file(blockSq1)
         && relative_rank(strongerSide, ksq) >= relative_rank(strongerSide, blockSq1)
-        && opposite_color_squares(ksq, wbsq))
-        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+        && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq))
+        return ScaleFactor(0);
     else
         return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 
@@ -812,17 +759,16 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
     // in front of the frontmost pawn's path, and the square diagonally behind
     // this square on the file of the other pawn.
     if (   ksq == blockSq1
-        && opposite_color_squares(ksq, wbsq)
+        && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq)
         && (   bbsq == blockSq2
             || (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(blockSq2) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, weakerSide))
-            || abs(r1 - r2) >= 2))
-        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
-
+            || rank_distance(r1, r2) >= 2))
+        return ScaleFactor(0);
     else if (   ksq == blockSq2
-             && opposite_color_squares(ksq, wbsq)
+             && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq)
              && (   bbsq == blockSq1
                  || (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(blockSq1) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, weakerSide))))
-        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+        return ScaleFactor(0);
     else
         return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 
@@ -838,7 +784,7 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// square of the king is not of the same color as the stronger side's bishop,
 /// it's a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -853,9 +799,9 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   if (   square_file(weakerKingSq) == square_file(pawnSq)
       && relative_rank(strongerSide, pawnSq) < relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq)
-      && (   opposite_color_squares(weakerKingSq, strongerBishopSq)
+      && (   square_color(weakerKingSq) != square_color(strongerBishopSq)
           || relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq) <= RANK_6))
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
@@ -865,12 +811,12 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// If the pawn is a rook pawn on the 7th rank and the defending king prevents
 /// the pawn from advancing, the position is drawn.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KNPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == KnightValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, KNIGHT) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
   Square pawnSq = pos.piece_list(strongerSide, PAWN, 0);
@@ -878,11 +824,11 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KNPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   if (   pawnSq == relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A7)
       && square_distance(weakerKingSq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A8)) <= 1)
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   if (   pawnSq == relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H7)
       && square_distance(weakerKingSq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H8)) <= 1)
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
 
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
@@ -895,10 +841,10 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KNPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 /// advanced and not on a rook file; in this case it is often possible to win
 /// (e.g. 8/4k3/3p4/3P4/6K1/8/8/8 w - - 0 1).
 template<>
-ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPKP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1);
 
@@ -935,5 +881,32 @@ ScaleFactor Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   // Probe the KPK bitbase with the weakest side's pawn removed. If it's a
   // draw, it's probably at least a draw even with the pawn.
-  return probe_kpk_bitbase(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm) ? SCALE_FACTOR_NONE : SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+  if (probe_kpk(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm))
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
+  else
+      return ScaleFactor(0);
+}
+
+
+/// init_bitbases() is called during program initialization, and simply loads
+/// bitbases from disk into memory.  At the moment, there is only the bitbase
+/// for KP vs K, but we may decide to add other bitbases later.
+
+void init_bitbases() {
+  generate_kpk_bitbase(KPKBitbase);
+}
+
+
+namespace {
+
+  // Probe the KP vs K bitbase:
+
+  int probe_kpk(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color stm) {
+
+    int wp = int(square_file(wpsq)) + (int(square_rank(wpsq)) - 1) * 4;
+    int index = int(stm) + 2*int(bksq) + 128*int(wksq) + 8192*wp;
+
+    assert(index >= 0 && index < 24576*8);
+    return KPKBitbase[index/8] & (1 << (index&7));
+  }
 }

src/endgame.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,96 +17,90 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED)
 #define ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <string>
-#include <map>
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 
 #include "position.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "scale.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 
-/// EndgameType lists all supported endgames
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 enum EndgameType {
 
-  // Evaluation functions
+    // Evaluation functions
+    KXK,   // Generic "mate lone king" eval
+    KBNK,  // KBN vs K
+    KPK,   // KP vs K
+    KRKP,  // KR vs KP
+    KRKB,  // KR vs KB
+    KRKN,  // KR vs KN
+    KQKR,  // KQ vs KR
+    KBBKN, // KBB vs KN
+    KNNK,  // KNN vs K
+    KmmKm, // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
 
-  KXK,   // Generic "mate lone king" eval
-  KBNK,  // KBN vs K
-  KPK,   // KP vs K
-  KRKP,  // KR vs KP
-  KRKB,  // KR vs KB
-  KRKN,  // KR vs KN
-  KQKR,  // KQ vs KR
-  KBBKN, // KBB vs KN
-  KNNK,  // KNN vs K
-  KmmKm, // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
-
-
-  // Scaling functions
-
-  KBPsK,   // KB+pawns vs K
-  KQKRPs,  // KQ vs KR+pawns
-  KRPKR,   // KRP vs KR
-  KRPPKRP, // KRPP vs KRP
-  KPsK,    // King and pawns vs king
-  KBPKB,   // KBP vs KB
-  KBPPKB,  // KBPP vs KB
-  KBPKN,   // KBP vs KN
-  KNPK,    // KNP vs K
-  KPKP     // KP vs KP
+    // Scaling functions
+    KBPsK,   // KB+pawns vs K
+    KQKRPs,  // KQ vs KR+pawns
+    KRPKR,   // KRP vs KR
+    KRPPKRP, // KRPP vs KRP
+    KPsK,    // King and pawns vs king
+    KBPKB,   // KBP vs KB
+    KBPPKB,  // KBPP vs KB
+    KBPKN,   // KBP vs KN
+    KNPK,    // KNP vs K
+    KPKP     // KP vs KP
 };
 
-
-/// Base and derived templates for endgame evaluation and scaling functions
+/// Template abstract base class for all special endgame functions
 
 template<typename T>
-struct EndgameBase {
-
-  typedef EndgameBase<T> Base;
-
-  virtual ~EndgameBase() {}
-  virtual Color color() const = 0;
-  virtual T apply(const Position&) const = 0;
-};
-
-
-template<typename T, EndgameType>
-struct Endgame : public EndgameBase<T> {
-
-  explicit Endgame(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(opposite_color(c)) {}
+class EndgameFunctionBase {
+public:
+  EndgameFunctionBase(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(opposite_color(c)) {}
+  virtual ~EndgameFunctionBase() {}
+  virtual T apply(const Position&) = 0;
   Color color() const { return strongerSide; }
-  T apply(const Position&) const;
 
-private:
+protected:
   Color strongerSide, weakerSide;
 };
 
+typedef EndgameFunctionBase<Value> EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase;
+typedef EndgameFunctionBase<ScaleFactor> EndgameScalingFunctionBase;
 
-/// Endgames class stores in two std::map the pointers to endgame evaluation
-/// and scaling base objects. Then we use polymorphism to invoke the actual
-/// endgame function calling its apply() method that is virtual.
 
-class Endgames {
+/// Templates subclass for various concrete endgames
 
-  typedef std::map<Key, EndgameBase<Value>* > EFMap;
-  typedef std::map<Key, EndgameBase<ScaleFactor>* > SFMap;
-
-public:
-  Endgames();
-  ~Endgames();
-  template<class T> T* get(Key key) const;
-
-private:
-  template<class T> void add(const std::string& keyCode);
-
-  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions...
-  std::pair<EFMap, SFMap> maps;
-
-  // ...and here is the accessing template function
-  template<typename T> const std::map<Key, T*>& get() const;
+template<EndgameType>
+struct EvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase {
+  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase Base;
+  explicit EvaluationFunction(Color c): EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase(c) {}
+  Value apply(const Position&);
 };
 
+template<EndgameType>
+struct ScalingFunction : public EndgameScalingFunctionBase {
+  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase Base;
+  explicit ScalingFunction(Color c) : EndgameScalingFunctionBase(c) {}
+  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&);
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern void init_bitbases();
+
+
 #endif // !defined(ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED)

src/evaluate.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,15 +17,97 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED)
 #define EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include "types.h"
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "material.h"
+#include "pawns.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+
+/// The EvalInfo struct contains various information computed and collected
+/// by the evaluation function. An EvalInfo object is passed as one of the
+/// arguments to the evaluation function, and the search can make use of its
+/// contents to make intelligent search decisions.
+///
+/// At the moment, this is not utilized very much: The only part of the
+/// EvalInfo object which is used by the search is futilityMargin.
 class Position;
 
-extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, Value& margin);
-extern std::string trace_evaluate(const Position& pos);
-extern void read_evaluation_uci_options(Color sideToMove);
+struct EvalInfo {
+
+  // Middle game and endgame evaluations
+  Score value;
+
+  // Pointers to material and pawn hash table entries
+  MaterialInfo* mi;
+  PawnInfo* pi;
+
+  // attackedBy[color][piece type] is a bitboard representing all squares
+  // attacked by a given color and piece type, attackedBy[color][0] contains
+  // all squares attacked by the given color.
+  Bitboard attackedBy[2][8];
+  Bitboard attacked_by(Color c) const { return attackedBy[c][0]; }
+  Bitboard attacked_by(Color c, PieceType pt) const { return attackedBy[c][pt]; }
+
+  // kingZone[color] is the zone around the enemy king which is considered
+  // by the king safety evaluation. This consists of the squares directly
+  // adjacent to the king, and the three (or two, for a king on an edge file)
+  // squares two ranks in front of the king. For instance, if black's king
+  // is on g8, kingZone[WHITE] is a bitboard containing the squares f8, h8,
+  // f7, g7, h7, f6, g6 and h6.
+  Bitboard kingZone[2];
+
+  // kingAttackersCount[color] is the number of pieces of the given color
+  // which attack a square in the kingZone of the enemy king.
+  int kingAttackersCount[2];
+
+  // kingAttackersWeight[color] is the sum of the "weight" of the pieces of the
+  // given color which attack a square in the kingZone of the enemy king. The
+  // weights of the individual piece types are given by the variables
+  // QueenAttackWeight, RookAttackWeight, BishopAttackWeight and
+  // KnightAttackWeight in evaluate.cpp
+  int kingAttackersWeight[2];
+
+  // kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[color] is the number of attacks to squares
+  // directly adjacent to the king of the given color. Pieces which attack
+  // more than one square are counted multiple times. For instance, if black's
+  // king is on g8 and there's a white knight on g5, this knight adds
+  // 2 to kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[BLACK].
+  int kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[2];
+
+  // mateThreat[color] is a move for the given side which gives a direct mate.
+  Move mateThreat[2];
+
+  // Middle game and endgame mobility scores.
+  Score mobility;
+
+  // Extra futility margin. This is added to the standard futility margin
+  // in the quiescence search.
+  Value futilityMargin;
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, EvalInfo& ei, int threadID);
+extern Value quick_evaluate(const Position& pos);
+extern void init_eval(int threads);
+extern void quit_eval();
+extern void read_weights(Color sideToMove);
+
 
 #endif // !defined(EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED)

src/history.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "history.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+
+/// Constructor
+
+History::History() { clear(); }
+
+
+/// History::clear() clears the history tables
+
+void History::clear() {
+  memset(history, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
+}
+
+
+/// History::success() registers a move as being successful. This is done
+/// whenever a non-capturing move causes a beta cutoff in the main search.
+/// The three parameters are the moving piece, the destination square, and
+/// the search depth.
+
+void History::success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
+
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  history[p][to] += int(d) * int(d);
+
+  // Prevent history overflow
+  if (history[p][to] >= HistoryMax)
+      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
+              history[i][j] /= 4;
+}
+
+
+/// History::failure() registers a move as being unsuccessful. The function is
+/// called for each non-capturing move which failed to produce a beta cutoff
+/// at a node where a beta cutoff was finally found.
+
+void History::failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
+
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  history[p][to] -= int(d) * int(d);
+  if (history[p][to] < 0)
+      history[p][to] = 0;
+}
+
+
+/// History::move_ordering_score() returns an integer value used to order the
+/// non-capturing moves in the MovePicker class.
+
+int History::move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const {
+
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  return history[p][to];
+}

src/history.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,11 +17,22 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)
 #define HISTORY_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <cstring>
-#include "types.h"
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "depth.h"
+#include "move.h"
+#include "piece.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 /// The History class stores statistics about how often different moves
 /// have been successful or unsuccessful during the current search. These
@@ -33,38 +44,30 @@
 class History {
 
 public:
+  History();
   void clear();
-  Value value(Piece p, Square to) const;
-  void update(Piece p, Square to, Value bonus);
-  Value gain(Piece p, Square to) const;
-  void update_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value g);
-
-  static const Value MaxValue = Value(2000);
+  void success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
+  void failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
+  int move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const;
 
 private:
-  Value history[16][64];  // [piece][to_square]
-  Value maxGains[16][64]; // [piece][to_square]
+  int history[16][64];  // [piece][square]
 };
 
-inline void History::clear() {
-  memset(history,  0, 16 * 64 * sizeof(Value));
-  memset(maxGains, 0, 16 * 64 * sizeof(Value));
-}
 
-inline Value History::value(Piece p, Square to) const {
-  return history[p][to];
-}
+////
+//// Constants and variables
+////
 
-inline void History::update(Piece p, Square to, Value bonus) {
-  if (abs(history[p][to] + bonus) < MaxValue) history[p][to] += bonus;
-}
+/// HistoryMax controls how often the history counters will be scaled down:
+/// When the history score for a move gets bigger than HistoryMax, all
+/// entries in the table are divided by 4. It is difficult to guess what
+/// the ideal value of this constant is. Scaling down the scores often has
+/// the effect that parts of the search tree which have been searched
+/// recently have a bigger importance for move ordering than the moves which
+/// have been searched a long time ago.
 
-inline Value History::gain(Piece p, Square to) const {
-  return maxGains[p][to];
-}
+const int HistoryMax = 25000 * OnePly;
 
-inline void History::update_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value g) {
-  maxGains[p][to] = Max(g, maxGains[p][to] - 1);
-}
 
 #endif // !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)

src/lock.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,24 +17,72 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(LOCK_H_INCLUDED)
 #define LOCK_H_INCLUDED
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+// x86 assembly language locks or OS spin locks may perform faster than
+// mutex locks on some platforms. On my machine, mutexes seem to be the
+// best.
+
+//#define ASM_LOCK
+//#define OS_SPIN_LOCK
+
+
+#if defined(ASM_LOCK)
+
+
+typedef volatile int Lock;
+
+static inline void LockX86(Lock *lock) {
+  int dummy;
+  asm __volatile__("1:          movl    $1, %0" "\n\t"
+      "            xchgl   (%1), %0" "\n\t" "            testl   %0, %0" "\n\t"
+      "            jz      3f" "\n\t" "2:          pause" "\n\t"
+      "            movl    (%1), %0" "\n\t" "            testl   %0, %0" "\n\t"
+      "            jnz     2b" "\n\t" "            jmp     1b" "\n\t" "3:"
+      "\n\t":"=&q"(dummy)
+      :"q"(lock)
+      :"cc");
+}
+
+static inline void UnlockX86(Lock *lock) {
+  int dummy;
+  asm __volatile__("movl    $0, (%1)":"=&q"(dummy)
+      :"q"(lock));
+}
+
+#  define lock_init(x, y) (*(x) = 0)
+#  define lock_grab(x) LockX86(x)
+#  define lock_release(x) UnlockX86(x)
+#  define lock_destroy(x)
+
+
+#elif defined(OS_SPIN_LOCK)
+
+
+#  include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
+
+typedef OSSpinLock Lock;
+
+#  define lock_init(x, y) (*(x) = 0)
+#  define lock_grab(x) OSSpinLockLock(x)
+#  define lock_release(x) OSSpinLockUnlock(x)
+#  define lock_destroy(x)
+
+
+#elif !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 #  include <pthread.h>
 
 typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
-typedef pthread_cond_t WaitCondition;
 
-#  define lock_init(x) pthread_mutex_init(x, NULL)
+#  define lock_init(x, y) pthread_mutex_init(x, y)
 #  define lock_grab(x) pthread_mutex_lock(x)
 #  define lock_release(x) pthread_mutex_unlock(x)
 #  define lock_destroy(x) pthread_mutex_destroy(x)
-#  define cond_destroy(x) pthread_cond_destroy(x)
-#  define cond_init(x) pthread_cond_init(x, NULL)
-#  define cond_signal(x) pthread_cond_signal(x)
-#  define cond_wait(x,y) pthread_cond_wait(x,y)
+
 
 #else
 
@@ -42,38 +90,14 @@ typedef pthread_cond_t WaitCondition;
 #include <windows.h>
 #undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 
-// Default fast and race free locks and condition variables
-#if !defined(OLD_LOCKS)
-
-typedef SRWLOCK Lock;
-typedef CONDITION_VARIABLE WaitCondition;
-
-#  define lock_init(x) InitializeSRWLock(x)
-#  define lock_grab(x) AcquireSRWLockExclusive(x)
-#  define lock_release(x) ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(x)
-#  define lock_destroy(x) (x)
-#  define cond_destroy(x) (x)
-#  define cond_init(x) InitializeConditionVariable(x)
-#  define cond_signal(x) WakeConditionVariable(x)
-#  define cond_wait(x,y) SleepConditionVariableSRW(x, y, INFINITE,0)
-
-// Fallback solution to build for Windows XP and older versions, note that
-// cond_wait() is racy between lock_release() and WaitForSingleObject().
-#else
-
 typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
-typedef HANDLE WaitCondition;
-
-#  define lock_init(x) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
+#  define lock_init(x, y) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
 #  define lock_grab(x) EnterCriticalSection(x)
 #  define lock_release(x) LeaveCriticalSection(x)
 #  define lock_destroy(x) DeleteCriticalSection(x)
-#  define cond_init(x) { *x = CreateEvent(0, FALSE, FALSE, 0); }
-#  define cond_destroy(x) CloseHandle(*x)
-#  define cond_signal(x) SetEvent(*x)
-#  define cond_wait(x,y) { lock_release(y); WaitForSingleObject(*x, INFINITE); lock_grab(y); }
-#endif
+
 
 #endif
 
+
 #endif // !defined(LOCK_H_INCLUDED)

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -20,16 +20,18 @@
 // To profile with callgrind uncomment following line
 //#define USE_CALLGRIND
 
-#include <cstdio>
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "bitboard.h"
-#include "evaluate.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "thread.h"
-#include "search.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
+#include "benchmark.h"
+#include "bitcount.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "uci.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
 #include <valgrind/callgrind.h>
@@ -37,51 +39,51 @@
 
 using namespace std;
 
-extern bool execute_uci_command(const string& cmd);
-extern void benchmark(int argc, char* argv[]);
-extern void init_kpk_bitbase();
 
-int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
-  // Disable IO buffering for C and C++ standard libraries
-  setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
-  setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+  // Disable IO buffering
   cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
   cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
 
-  // Startup initializations
-  init_bitboards();
-  Position::init_zobrist();
-  Position::init_piece_square_tables();
-  init_kpk_bitbase();
-  init_search();
-  Threads.init();
+  // Initialization through global resources manager
+  Application::initialize();
 
 #ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
   CALLGRIND_START_INSTRUMENTATION;
 #endif
 
-  if (argc < 2)
+  // Process command line arguments if any
+  if (argc > 1)
   {
-      // Print copyright notice
-      cout << engine_name() << " by " << engine_authors() << endl;
-
-      if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
-          cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT." << endl;
-
-      // Wait for a command from the user, and passes this command to
-      // execute_uci_command() and also intercepts EOF from stdin to
-      // ensure that we exit gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
-      string cmd;
-      while (getline(cin, cmd) && execute_uci_command(cmd)) {}
+      if (string(argv[1]) != "bench" || argc < 4 || argc > 8)
+          cout << "Usage: stockfish bench <hash size> <threads> "
+               << "[time = 60s] [fen positions file = default] "
+               << "[time, depth, perft or node limited = time] "
+               << "[timing file name = none]" << endl;
+      else
+      {
+          string time = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "60";
+          string fen = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
+          string lim = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "time";
+          string tim = argc > 7 ? argv[7] : "";
+          benchmark(string(argv[2]) + " " + string(argv[3]) + " " + time + " " + fen + " " + lim + " " + tim);
+      }
+      return 0;
   }
-  else if (string(argv[1]) == "bench" && argc < 8)
-      benchmark(argc, argv);
-  else
-      cout << "Usage: stockfish bench [hash size = 128] [threads = 1] "
-           << "[limit = 12] [fen positions file = default] "
-           << "[limited by depth, time, nodes or perft = depth]" << endl;
 
-  Threads.exit();
+  // Print copyright notice
+  cout << engine_name()
+       << ". By Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski." << endl;
+
+  if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
+      cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT. We will use it." << endl;
+
+  // Enter UCI mode
+  uci_main_loop();
   return 0;
 }

src/material.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,257 +17,120 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <map>
 
 #include "material.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
 namespace {
 
   // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
   const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15581);
   const Value EndgameLimit = Value(3998);
 
-  // Scale factors used when one side has no more pawns
-  const int NoPawnsSF[4] = { 6, 12, 32 };
-
   // Polynomial material balance parameters
   const Value RedundantQueenPenalty = Value(320);
   const Value RedundantRookPenalty  = Value(554);
 
   const int LinearCoefficients[6] = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190, 105, 26 };
 
-  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][8] = {
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][6] = {
   { 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 39, 2, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 35, 271, -4, 7, 7, 7 },
   { 7, 25, 4, 7, 7, 7 }, { -27, -2, 46, 100, 56, 7 }, { 58, 29, 83, 148, -3, -25 } };
 
-  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][8] = {
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][6] = {
   { 41, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 37, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 10, 62, 41, 41, 41, 41 },
   { 57, 64, 39, 41, 41, 41 }, { 50, 40, 23, -22, 41, 41 }, { 106, 101, 3, 151, 171, 41 } };
 
-  // Endgame evaluation and scaling functions accessed direcly and not through
-  // the function maps because correspond to more then one material hash key.
-  Endgame<Value, KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm[] = { Endgame<Value, KmmKm>(WHITE), Endgame<Value, KmmKm>(BLACK) };
-  Endgame<Value, KXK>   EvaluateKXK[]   = { Endgame<Value, KXK>(WHITE),   Endgame<Value, KXK>(BLACK) };
+  // Named endgame evaluation and scaling functions, these
+  // are accessed direcly and not through the function maps.
+  EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm(WHITE);
+  EvaluationFunction<KXK>   EvaluateKXK(WHITE), EvaluateKKX(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KBPsK>    ScaleKBPsK(WHITE),  ScaleKKBPs(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>   ScaleKQKRPs(WHITE), ScaleKRPsKQ(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KPsK>     ScaleKPsK(WHITE),   ScaleKKPs(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KPKP>     ScaleKPKPw(WHITE),  ScaleKPKPb(BLACK);
 
-  Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>  ScaleKBPsK[]  = { Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>(WHITE),  Endgame<ScaleFactor, KBPsK>(BLACK) };
-  Endgame<ScaleFactor, KQKRPs> ScaleKQKRPs[] = { Endgame<ScaleFactor, KQKRPs>(WHITE), Endgame<ScaleFactor, KQKRPs>(BLACK) };
-  Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPsK>   ScaleKPsK[]   = { Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPsK>(WHITE),   Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPsK>(BLACK) };
-  Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPKP>   ScaleKPKP[]   = { Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPKP>(WHITE),   Endgame<ScaleFactor, KPKP>(BLACK) };
-
-  // Helper templates used to detect a given material distribution
-  template<Color Us> bool is_KXK(const Position& pos) {
-    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
-    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Them) == VALUE_ZERO
-          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN) == 0
-          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   >= RookValueMidgame;
-  }
-
-  template<Color Us> bool is_KBPsKs(const Position& pos) {
-    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   == BishopValueMidgame
-          && pos.piece_count(Us, BISHOP) == 1
-          && pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)   >= 1;
-  }
-
-  template<Color Us> bool is_KQKRPs(const Position& pos) {
-    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
-    return   pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)    == 0
-          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)    == QueenValueMidgame
-          && pos.piece_count(Us, QUEEN)   == 1
-          && pos.piece_count(Them, ROOK)  == 1
-          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN)  >= 1;
-  }
-
-} // namespace
-
-
-/// MaterialInfoTable c'tor and d'tor allocate and free the space for Endgames
-
-void MaterialInfoTable::init() { Base::init(); if (!funcs) funcs = new Endgames(); }
-MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() { delete funcs; }
-
-
-/// MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info() takes a position object as input,
-/// computes or looks up a MaterialInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.
-/// If the material configuration is not already present in the table, it
-/// is stored there, so we don't have to recompute everything when the
-/// same material configuration occurs again.
-
-MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) const {
-
-  Key key = pos.get_material_key();
-  MaterialInfo* mi = probe(key);
-
-  // If mi->key matches the position's material hash key, it means that we
-  // have analysed this material configuration before, and we can simply
-  // return the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
-  if (mi->key == key)
-      return mi;
-
-  // Initialize MaterialInfo entry
-  memset(mi, 0, sizeof(MaterialInfo));
-  mi->key = key;
-  mi->factor[WHITE] = mi->factor[BLACK] = (uint8_t)SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL;
-
-  // Store game phase
-  mi->gamePhase = MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(pos);
-
-  // Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
-  // particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
-  // configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
-  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EndgameBase<Value> >(key)) != NULL)
-      return mi;
-
-  if (is_KXK<WHITE>(pos))
-  {
-      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK[WHITE];
-      return mi;
-  }
-
-  if (is_KXK<BLACK>(pos))
-  {
-      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK[BLACK];
-      return mi;
-  }
-
-  if (!pos.pieces(PAWN) && !pos.pieces(ROOK) && !pos.pieces(QUEEN))
-  {
-      // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side and
-      // no pawns. Note that the case KmmK is already handled by KXK.
-      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, WHITE) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, WHITE)));
-      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, BLACK) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, BLACK)));
-
-      if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
-          && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
-      {
-          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm[WHITE];
-          return mi;
-      }
-  }
-
-  // OK, we didn't find any special evaluation function for the current
-  // material configuration. Is there a suitable scaling function?
-  //
-  // We face problems when there are several conflicting applicable
-  // scaling functions and we need to decide which one to use.
-  EndgameBase<ScaleFactor>* sf;
-
-  if ((sf = funcs->get<EndgameBase<ScaleFactor> >(key)) != NULL)
-  {
-      mi->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
-      return mi;
-  }
-
-  // Generic scaling functions that refer to more then one material
-  // distribution. Should be probed after the specialized ones.
-  // Note that these ones don't return after setting the function.
-  if (is_KBPsKs<WHITE>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK[WHITE];
-
-  if (is_KBPsKs<BLACK>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKBPsK[BLACK];
-
-  if (is_KQKRPs<WHITE>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs[WHITE];
-
-  else if (is_KQKRPs<BLACK>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKQKRPs[BLACK];
-
-  Value npm_w = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE);
-  Value npm_b = pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
-
-  if (npm_w + npm_b == VALUE_ZERO)
-  {
-      if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0)
-      {
-          assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK[WHITE];
-      }
-      else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0)
-      {
-          assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPsK[BLACK];
-      }
-      else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
-      {
-          // This is a special case because we set scaling functions
-          // for both colors instead of only one.
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKP[WHITE];
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKP[BLACK];
-      }
-  }
-
-  // No pawns makes it difficult to win, even with a material advantage
-  if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0 && npm_w - npm_b <= BishopValueMidgame)
-  {
-      mi->factor[WHITE] = uint8_t
-      (npm_w == npm_b || npm_w < RookValueMidgame ? 0 : NoPawnsSF[Min(pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), 2)]);
-  }
-
-  if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0 && npm_b - npm_w <= BishopValueMidgame)
-  {
-      mi->factor[BLACK] = uint8_t
-      (npm_w == npm_b || npm_b < RookValueMidgame ? 0 : NoPawnsSF[Min(pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), 2)]);
-  }
-
-  // Compute the space weight
-  if (npm_w + npm_b >= 2 * QueenValueMidgame + 4 * RookValueMidgame + 2 * KnightValueMidgame)
-  {
-      int minorPieceCount =  pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP)
-                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP);
-
-      mi->spaceWeight = minorPieceCount * minorPieceCount;
-  }
-
-  // Evaluate the material imbalance. We use PIECE_TYPE_NONE as a place holder
-  // for the bishop pair "extended piece", this allow us to be more flexible
-  // in defining bishop pair bonuses.
-  const int pieceCount[2][8] = {
-  { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
-    pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP)    , pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
-  { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
-    pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP)    , pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
-
-  mi->value = int16_t((imbalance<WHITE>(pieceCount) - imbalance<BLACK>(pieceCount)) / 16);
-  return mi;
+  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase EF;
+  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase SF;
 }
 
 
-/// MaterialInfoTable::imbalance() calculates imbalance comparing piece count of each
-/// piece type for both colors.
+////
+//// Classes
+////
 
-template<Color Us>
-int MaterialInfoTable::imbalance(const int pieceCount[][8]) {
+/// EndgameFunctions class stores endgame evaluation and scaling functions
+/// in two std::map. Because STL library is not guaranteed to be thread
+/// safe even for read access, the maps, although with identical content,
+/// are replicated for each thread. This is faster then using locks.
 
-  const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+class EndgameFunctions {
+public:
+  EndgameFunctions();
+  ~EndgameFunctions();
+  template<class T> T* get(Key key) const;
 
-  int pt1, pt2, pc, v;
-  int value = 0;
+private:
+  template<class T> void add(const string& keyCode);
 
-  // Redundancy of major pieces, formula based on Kaufman's paper
-  // "The Evaluation of Material Imbalances in Chess"
-  if (pieceCount[Us][ROOK] > 0)
-      value -=  RedundantRookPenalty * (pieceCount[Us][ROOK] - 1)
-              + RedundantQueenPenalty * pieceCount[Us][QUEEN];
+  static Key buildKey(const string& keyCode);
+  static const string swapColors(const string& keyCode);
 
-  // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
-  for (pt1 = PIECE_TYPE_NONE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
+  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions
+  pair<map<Key, EF*>, map<Key, SF*> > maps;
+
+  // Maps accessing functions returning const and non-const references
+  template<typename T> const map<Key, T*>& get() const { return maps.first; }
+  template<typename T> map<Key, T*>& get() { return maps.first; }
+};
+
+// Explicit specializations of a member function shall be declared in
+// the namespace of which the class template is a member.
+template<> const map<Key, SF*>&
+EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
+
+template<> map<Key, SF*>&
+EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() { return maps.second; }
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+/// MaterialInfoTable c'tor and d'tor, called once by each thread
+
+MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable(unsigned int numOfEntries) {
+
+  size = numOfEntries;
+  entries = new MaterialInfo[size];
+  funcs = new EndgameFunctions();
+
+  if (!entries || !funcs)
   {
-      pc = pieceCount[Us][pt1];
-      if (!pc)
-          continue;
-
-      v = LinearCoefficients[pt1];
-
-      for (pt2 = PIECE_TYPE_NONE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
-          v +=  QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2] * pieceCount[Us][pt2]
-              + QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2] * pieceCount[Them][pt2];
-
-      value += pc * v;
+      cerr << "Failed to allocate " << numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo)
+           << " bytes for material hash table." << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  return value;
+}
+
+MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
+
+  delete funcs;
+  delete [] entries;
 }
 
 
@@ -279,7 +142,289 @@ Phase MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(const Position& pos) {
 
   Value npm = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
 
-  return  npm >= MidgameLimit ? PHASE_MIDGAME
-        : npm <= EndgameLimit ? PHASE_ENDGAME
-        : Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
+  if (npm >= MidgameLimit)
+      return PHASE_MIDGAME;
+  else if (npm <= EndgameLimit)
+      return PHASE_ENDGAME;
+
+  return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
+}
+
+/// MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info() takes a position object as input,
+/// computes or looks up a MaterialInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.
+/// If the material configuration is not already present in the table, it
+/// is stored there, so we don't have to recompute everything when the
+/// same material configuration occurs again.
+
+MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
+
+  Key key = pos.get_material_key();
+  int index = key & (size - 1);
+  MaterialInfo* mi = entries + index;
+
+  // If mi->key matches the position's material hash key, it means that we
+  // have analysed this material configuration before, and we can simply
+  // return the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
+  if (mi->key == key)
+      return mi;
+
+  // Clear the MaterialInfo object, and set its key
+  mi->clear();
+  mi->key = key;
+
+  // Store game phase
+  mi->gamePhase = MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(pos);
+
+  // Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
+  // particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
+  // configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
+  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EF>(key)) != NULL)
+      return mi;
+
+  else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0)
+           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
+           && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) >= RookValueMidgame)
+  {
+      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK;
+      return mi;
+  }
+  else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == Value(0)
+           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
+           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >= RookValueMidgame)
+  {
+      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKKX;
+      return mi;
+  }
+  else if (   pos.pieces(PAWN) == EmptyBoardBB
+           && pos.pieces(ROOK) == EmptyBoardBB
+           && pos.pieces(QUEEN) == EmptyBoardBB)
+  {
+      // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side and
+      // no pawns. Note that the case KmmK is already handled by KXK.
+      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, WHITE) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, WHITE)));
+      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, BLACK) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, BLACK)));
+
+      if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
+          && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
+      {
+          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm;
+          return mi;
+      }
+  }
+
+  // OK, we didn't find any special evaluation function for the current
+  // material configuration. Is there a suitable scaling function?
+  //
+  // The code below is rather messy, and it could easily get worse later,
+  // if we decide to add more special cases. We face problems when there
+  // are several conflicting applicable scaling functions and we need to
+  // decide which one to use.
+  SF* sf;
+
+  if ((sf = funcs->get<SF>(key)) != NULL)
+  {
+      mi->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
+      return mi;
+  }
+
+  // Generic scaling functions that refer to more then one material
+  // distribution. Should be probed after the specialized ones.
+  // Note that these ones don't return after setting the function.
+  if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == BishopValueMidgame
+      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
+      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK;
+
+  if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == BishopValueMidgame
+      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
+      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKBPs;
+
+  if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
+      && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == QueenValueMidgame
+      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) == 1
+      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK) == 1
+      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs;
+
+  else if (   pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
+           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == QueenValueMidgame
+           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) == 1
+           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK) == 1
+           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKRPsKQ;
+
+  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0))
+  {
+      if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0)
+      {
+          assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 2);
+          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK;
+      }
+      else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0)
+      {
+          assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 2);
+          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKPs;
+      }
+      else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
+      {
+          // This is a special case because we set scaling functions
+          // for both colors instead of only one.
+          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKPw;
+          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKPb;
+      }
+  }
+
+  // Compute the space weight
+  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >=
+      2*QueenValueMidgame + 4*RookValueMidgame + 2*KnightValueMidgame)
+  {
+      int minorPieceCount =  pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT)
+                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT)
+                           + pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP)
+                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP);
+
+      mi->spaceWeight = minorPieceCount * minorPieceCount;
+  }
+
+  // Evaluate the material balance
+  const int pieceCount[2][6] = { { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
+                                   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
+                                 { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
+                                   pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
+  Color c, them;
+  int sign, pt1, pt2, pc;
+  int v, vv, matValue = 0;
+
+  for (c = WHITE, sign = 1; c <= BLACK; c++, sign = -sign)
+  {
+    // No pawns makes it difficult to win, even with a material advantage
+    if (   pos.piece_count(c, PAWN) == 0
+        && pos.non_pawn_material(c) - pos.non_pawn_material(opposite_color(c)) <= BishopValueMidgame)
+    {
+        if (   pos.non_pawn_material(c) == pos.non_pawn_material(opposite_color(c))
+            || pos.non_pawn_material(c) < RookValueMidgame)
+            mi->factor[c] = 0;
+        else
+        {
+            switch (pos.piece_count(c, BISHOP)) {
+            case 2:
+                mi->factor[c] = 32;
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                mi->factor[c] = 12;
+                break;
+            case 0:
+                mi->factor[c] = 6;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Redundancy of major pieces, formula based on Kaufman's paper
+    // "The Evaluation of Material Imbalances in Chess"
+    // http://mywebpages.comcast.net/danheisman/Articles/evaluation_of_material_imbalance.htm
+    if (pieceCount[c][ROOK] >= 1)
+        matValue -= sign * ((pieceCount[c][ROOK] - 1) * RedundantRookPenalty + pieceCount[c][QUEEN] * RedundantQueenPenalty);
+
+    them = opposite_color(c);
+    v = 0;
+
+    // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
+    //
+    // We use NO_PIECE_TYPE as a place holder for the bishop pair "extended piece",
+    // this allow us to be more flexible in defining bishop pair bonuses.
+    for (pt1 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
+    {
+        pc = pieceCount[c][pt1];
+        if (!pc)
+            continue;
+
+        vv = LinearCoefficients[pt1];
+
+        for (pt2 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
+            vv +=  pieceCount[c][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2]
+                 + pieceCount[them][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2];
+
+        v += pc * vv;
+    }
+    matValue += sign * v;
+  }
+  mi->value = int16_t(matValue / 16);
+  return mi;
+}
+
+
+/// EndgameFunctions member definitions.
+
+EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
+
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KNNK>  >("KNNK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KPK>   >("KPK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KBNK>  >("KBNK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKP>  >("KRKP");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKB>  >("KRKB");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKN>  >("KRKN");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KQKR>  >("KQKR");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> >("KBBKN");
+
+  add<ScalingFunction<KNPK>    >("KNPK");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPKR>   >("KRPKR");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKB>   >("KBPKB");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>  >("KBPPKB");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKN>   >("KBPKN");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
+}
+
+EndgameFunctions::~EndgameFunctions() {
+
+    for (map<Key, EF*>::iterator it = maps.first.begin(); it != maps.first.end(); ++it)
+        delete (*it).second;
+
+    for (map<Key, SF*>::iterator it = maps.second.begin(); it != maps.second.end(); ++it)
+        delete (*it).second;
+}
+
+Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
+
+    assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode[0] == 'K');
+    assert(keyCode.length() < 8);
+
+    stringstream s;
+    bool upcase = false;
+
+    // Build up a fen string with the given pieces, note that
+    // the fen string could be of an illegal position.
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < keyCode.length(); i++)
+    {
+        if (keyCode[i] == 'K')
+            upcase = !upcase;
+
+        s << char(upcase? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
+    }
+    s << 8 - keyCode.length() << "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w -";
+    return Position(s.str()).get_material_key();
+}
+
+const string EndgameFunctions::swapColors(const string& keyCode) {
+
+    // Build corresponding key for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
+    size_t idx = keyCode.find("K", 1);
+    return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
+}
+
+template<class T>
+void EndgameFunctions::add(const string& keyCode) {
+
+  typedef typename T::Base F;
+
+  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
+  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
+}
+
+template<class T>
+T* EndgameFunctions::get(Key key) const {
+
+  typename map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it(get<T>().find(key));
+  return (it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL);
 }

src/material.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,15 +17,22 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED)
 #define MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED
 
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include "endgame.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "tt.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "scale.h"
 
-const int MaterialTableSize = 8192;
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 /// MaterialInfo is a class which contains various information about a
 /// material configuration. It contains a material balance evaluation,
@@ -42,6 +49,8 @@ class MaterialInfo {
   friend class MaterialInfoTable;
 
 public:
+  MaterialInfo() : key(0) { clear(); }
+
   Score material_value() const;
   ScaleFactor scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const;
   int space_weight() const;
@@ -50,34 +59,66 @@ public:
   Value evaluate(const Position& pos) const;
 
 private:
+  inline void clear();
+
   Key key;
   int16_t value;
   uint8_t factor[2];
-  EndgameBase<Value>* evaluationFunction;
-  EndgameBase<ScaleFactor>* scalingFunction[2];
+  EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* evaluationFunction;
+  EndgameScalingFunctionBase* scalingFunction[2];
   int spaceWeight;
   Phase gamePhase;
 };
 
+/// The MaterialInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. It is basically
+/// just an array of MaterialInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
+/// objects. The most important method is get_material_info, which looks up a
+/// position in the table and returns a pointer to a MaterialInfo object.
+class EndgameFunctions;
 
-/// The MaterialInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. The most important
-/// method is get_material_info, which returns a pointer to a MaterialInfo object.
+class MaterialInfoTable {
 
-class MaterialInfoTable : public SimpleHash<MaterialInfo, MaterialTableSize> {
 public:
+  MaterialInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
   ~MaterialInfoTable();
-  void init();
-  MaterialInfo* get_material_info(const Position& pos) const;
+  MaterialInfo* get_material_info(const Position& pos);
+
   static Phase game_phase(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
-  template<Color Us>
-  static int imbalance(const int pieceCount[][8]);
-
-  Endgames* funcs;
+  unsigned size;
+  MaterialInfo* entries;
+  EndgameFunctions* funcs;
 };
 
 
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+
+/// MaterialInfo::material_value simply returns the material balance
+/// evaluation that is independent from game phase.
+
+inline Score MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
+
+  return make_score(value, value);
+}
+
+
+/// MaterialInfo::clear() resets a MaterialInfo object to an empty state,
+/// with all slots at their default values but the key.
+
+inline void MaterialInfo::clear() {
+
+  value = 0;
+  factor[WHITE] = factor[BLACK] = uint8_t(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL);
+  evaluationFunction = NULL;
+  scalingFunction[WHITE] = scalingFunction[BLACK] = NULL;
+  spaceWeight = 0;
+}
+
+
 /// MaterialInfo::scale_factor takes a position and a color as input, and
 /// returns a scale factor for the given color. We have to provide the
 /// position in addition to the color, because the scale factor need not
@@ -87,31 +128,50 @@ private:
 
 inline ScaleFactor MaterialInfo::scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const {
 
-  if (!scalingFunction[c])
-      return ScaleFactor(factor[c]);
-
-  ScaleFactor sf = scalingFunction[c]->apply(pos);
-  return sf == SCALE_FACTOR_NONE ? ScaleFactor(factor[c]) : sf;
+  if (scalingFunction[c] != NULL)
+  {
+      ScaleFactor sf = scalingFunction[c]->apply(pos);
+      if (sf != SCALE_FACTOR_NONE)
+          return sf;
+  }
+  return ScaleFactor(factor[c]);
 }
 
-inline Value MaterialInfo::evaluate(const Position& pos) const {
-  return evaluationFunction->apply(pos);
-}
 
-inline Score MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
-  return make_score(value, value);
-}
+/// MaterialInfo::space_weight() simply returns the weight for the space
+/// evaluation for this material configuration.
 
 inline int MaterialInfo::space_weight() const {
+
   return spaceWeight;
 }
 
+/// MaterialInfo::game_phase() returns the game phase according
+/// to this material configuration.
+
 inline Phase MaterialInfo::game_phase() const {
+
   return gamePhase;
 }
 
+
+/// MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists decides whether there is a
+/// specialized evaluation function for the current material configuration,
+/// or if the normal evaluation function should be used.
+
 inline bool MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists() const {
+
   return evaluationFunction != NULL;
 }
 
+
+/// MaterialInfo::evaluate applies a specialized evaluation function
+/// to a given position object. It should only be called when
+/// specialized_eval_exists() returns 'true'.
+
+inline Value MaterialInfo::evaluate(const Position& pos) const {
+
+  return evaluationFunction->apply(pos);
+}
+
 #endif // !defined(MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED)

src/mersenne.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+   A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/1/26.
+   Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.
+
+   Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)
+   or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).
+
+   Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
+   All rights reserved.
+
+   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+   are met:
+
+     1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+     2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+        documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+     3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
+        products derived from this software without specific prior written
+        permission.
+
+   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
+   CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+   EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+   PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+   PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+   NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+   SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+
+   Any feedback is very welcome.
+   http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/emt.html
+   email: m-mat @ math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp (remove space)
+*/
+
+#include "types.h"
+#include "mersenne.h"
+
+/* Period parameters */
+#define N 624
+#define M 397
+#define MATRIX_A 0x9908b0dfUL   /* constant vector a */
+#define UPPER_MASK 0x80000000UL /* most significant w-r bits */
+#define LOWER_MASK 0x7fffffffUL /* least significant r bits */
+
+static unsigned long mt[N]; /* the array for the state vector  */
+static int mti=N+1; /* mti==N+1 means mt[N] is not initialized */
+
+/* initializes mt[N] with a seed */
+static void init_genrand(unsigned long s)
+{
+    mt[0]= s & 0xffffffffUL;
+    for (mti=1; mti<N; mti++) {
+        mt[mti] =
+            (1812433253UL * (mt[mti-1] ^ (mt[mti-1] >> 30)) + mti);
+        /* See Knuth TAOCP Vol2. 3rd Ed. P.106 for multiplier. */
+        /* In the previous versions, MSBs of the seed affect   */
+        /* only MSBs of the array mt[].                        */
+        /* 2002/01/09 modified by Makoto Matsumoto             */
+        mt[mti] &= 0xffffffffUL;
+        /* for >32 bit machines */
+    }
+}
+
+/* initialize by an array with array-length */
+/* init_key is the array for initializing keys */
+/* key_length is its length */
+/* slight change for C++, 2004/2/26 */
+static void init_by_array(unsigned long init_key[], int key_length)
+{
+    int i, j, k;
+    init_genrand(19650218UL);
+    i=1; j=0;
+    k = (N>key_length ? N : key_length);
+    for (; k; k--) {
+        mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1664525UL))
+          + init_key[j] + j; /* non linear */
+        mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
+        i++; j++;
+        if (i>=N) { mt[0] = mt[N-1]; i=1; }
+        if (j>=key_length) j=0;
+    }
+    for (k=N-1; k; k--) {
+        mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1566083941UL))
+          - i; /* non linear */
+        mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
+        i++;
+        if (i>=N) { mt[0] = mt[N-1]; i=1; }
+    }
+
+    mt[0] = 0x80000000UL; /* MSB is 1; assuring non-zero initial array */
+}
+
+/* generates a random number on [0,0xffffffff]-interval */
+uint32_t genrand_int32(void) {
+  unsigned long y;
+  static unsigned long mag01[2]={0x0UL, MATRIX_A};
+  /* mag01[x] = x * MATRIX_A  for x=0,1 */
+
+  if (mti >= N) { /* generate N words at one time */
+    int kk;
+
+    if (mti == N+1)   /* if init_genrand() has not been called, */
+      init_genrand(5489UL); /* a default initial seed is used */
+
+    for (kk=0;kk<N-M;kk++) {
+      y = (mt[kk]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[kk+1]&LOWER_MASK);
+      mt[kk] = mt[kk+M] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+    }
+    for (;kk<N-1;kk++) {
+      y = (mt[kk]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[kk+1]&LOWER_MASK);
+      mt[kk] = mt[kk+(M-N)] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+    }
+    y = (mt[N-1]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[0]&LOWER_MASK);
+    mt[N-1] = mt[M-1] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+
+    mti = 0;
+  }
+
+  y = mt[mti++];
+
+  /* Tempering */
+  y ^= (y >> 11);
+  y ^= (y << 7) & 0x9d2c5680UL;
+  y ^= (y << 15) & 0xefc60000UL;
+  y ^= (y >> 18);
+
+  return y;
+}
+
+uint64_t genrand_int64(void) {
+  uint64_t x, y;
+
+  x = genrand_int32(); y = genrand_int32();
+  return (x<<32)|y;
+}
+
+void init_mersenne(void) {
+  unsigned long init[4]={0x123, 0x234, 0x345, 0x456}, length=4;
+  init_by_array(init, length);
+}

src/mersenne.h

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern uint32_t genrand_int32(void);
+extern uint64_t genrand_int64(void);
+extern void init_mersenne(void);
+
+
+#endif // !defined(MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED)

src/misc.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,14 +17,16 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #if !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 #  include <sys/time.h>
 #  include <sys/types.h>
 #  include <unistd.h>
-#  if defined(__hpux)
-#     include <sys/pstat.h>
-#  endif
 
 #else
 
@@ -34,10 +36,6 @@
 
 #endif
 
-#if !defined(NO_PREFETCH)
-#  include <xmmintrin.h>
-#endif
-
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <iomanip>
@@ -46,145 +44,180 @@
 
 #include "bitcount.h"
 #include "misc.h"
-#include "thread.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-/// Version number. If EngineVersion is left empty, then AppTag plus
-/// current date (in the format YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
+/// Version number. If this is left empty, the current date (in the format
+/// YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
 
+static const string EngineVersion = "1.6.3";
 static const string AppName = "Stockfish";
-static const string EngineVersion = "2.1.1";
 static const string AppTag  = "";
 
 
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+bool Chess960;
+
+uint64_t dbg_cnt0 = 0;
+uint64_t dbg_cnt1 = 0;
+
+bool dbg_show_mean = false;
+bool dbg_show_hit_rate = false;
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+void dbg_hit_on(bool b) {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
+    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
+    dbg_cnt0++;
+    if (b)
+        dbg_cnt1++;
+}
+
+void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b) {
+
+    if (c)
+        dbg_hit_on(b);
+}
+
+void dbg_before() {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
+    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
+    dbg_cnt0++;
+}
+
+void dbg_after() {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
+    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
+    dbg_cnt1++;
+}
+
+void dbg_mean_of(int v) {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_hit_rate);
+    dbg_show_mean = true;
+    dbg_cnt0++;
+    dbg_cnt1 += v;
+}
+
+void dbg_print_hit_rate() {
+
+  cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
+       << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
+}
+
+void dbg_print_mean() {
+
+  cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
+       << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
+}
+
+void dbg_print_hit_rate(ofstream& logFile) {
+
+  logFile << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
+          << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
+}
+
+void dbg_print_mean(ofstream& logFile) {
+
+  logFile << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
+          << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
+}
+
 /// engine_name() returns the full name of the current Stockfish version.
-/// This will be either "Stockfish YYMMDD" (where YYMMDD is the date when
-/// the program was compiled) or "Stockfish <version number>", depending
-/// on whether the constant EngineVersion is empty.
+/// This will be either "Stockfish YYMMDD" (where YYMMDD is the date when the
+/// program was compiled) or "Stockfish <version number>", depending on whether
+/// the constant EngineVersion (defined in misc.h) is empty.
 
 const string engine_name() {
 
-  const string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
-  const string cpu64(CpuIs64Bit ? " 64bit" : "");
+  const string cpu64(CpuHas64BitPath ? " 64bit" : "");
 
   if (!EngineVersion.empty())
-      return AppName + " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
+      return AppName+ " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
 
-  stringstream s, date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
-  string month, day, year;
+  string date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
+  string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
 
-  date >> month >> day >> year;
+  size_t mon = 1 + months.find(date.substr(0, 3)) / 4;
 
-  s << setfill('0') << AppName + " " + AppTag + " "
-    << year.substr(2, 2) << setw(2)
-    << (1 + months.find(month) / 4) << setw(2)
-    << day << cpu64;
+  stringstream s;
+  string day = (date[4] == ' ' ? date.substr(5, 1) : date.substr(4, 2));
+
+  string name = AppName + " " + AppTag + " ";
+
+  s << name << date.substr(date.length() - 2) << setfill('0')
+    << setw(2) << mon << setw(2) << day << cpu64;
 
   return s.str();
 }
 
 
-/// Our brave developers! Required by UCI
-
-const string engine_authors() {
-
-  return "Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba and Joona Kiiski";
-}
-
-
-/// Debug stuff. Helper functions used mainly for debugging purposes
-
-static uint64_t dbg_hit_cnt0;
-static uint64_t dbg_hit_cnt1;
-static uint64_t dbg_mean_cnt0;
-static uint64_t dbg_mean_cnt1;
-
-void dbg_print_hit_rate() {
-
-  if (dbg_hit_cnt0)
-      cout << "Total " << dbg_hit_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_hit_cnt1
-           << " hit rate (%) " << 100 * dbg_hit_cnt1 / dbg_hit_cnt0 << endl;
-}
-
-void dbg_print_mean() {
-
-  if (dbg_mean_cnt0)
-      cout << "Total " << dbg_mean_cnt0 << " Mean "
-           << (float)dbg_mean_cnt1 / dbg_mean_cnt0 << endl;
-}
-
-void dbg_mean_of(int v) {
-
-  dbg_mean_cnt0++;
-  dbg_mean_cnt1 += v;
-}
-
-void dbg_hit_on(bool b) {
-
-  dbg_hit_cnt0++;
-  if (b)
-      dbg_hit_cnt1++;
-}
-
-void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b) { if (c) dbg_hit_on(b); }
-void dbg_before() { dbg_hit_on(false); }
-void dbg_after()  { dbg_hit_on(true); dbg_hit_cnt0--; }
-
-
-/// get_system_time() returns the current system time, measured in milliseconds
+/// get_system_time() returns the current system time, measured in
+/// milliseconds.
 
 int get_system_time() {
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
-  struct _timeb t;
-  _ftime(&t);
-  return int(t.time * 1000 + t.millitm);
+    struct _timeb t;
+    _ftime(&t);
+    return int(t.time*1000 + t.millitm);
 #else
-  struct timeval t;
-  gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
-  return t.tv_sec * 1000 + t.tv_usec / 1000;
+    struct timeval t;
+    gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
+    return t.tv_sec*1000 + t.tv_usec/1000;
 #endif
 }
 
 
-/// cpu_count() tries to detect the number of CPU cores
+/// cpu_count() tries to detect the number of CPU cores.
 
-int cpu_count() {
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-  SYSTEM_INFO s;
-  GetSystemInfo(&s);
-  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, MAX_THREADS);
-#else
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 #  if defined(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), MAX_THREADS);
-#  elif defined(__hpux)
-  struct pst_dynamic psd;
-  if (pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0) == -1)
-      return 1;
-  return Min(psd.psd_proc_cnt, MAX_THREADS);
+int cpu_count() {
+  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), 8);
+}
 #  else
+int cpu_count() {
   return 1;
+}
 #  endif
 
-#endif
+#else
+
+int cpu_count() {
+  SYSTEM_INFO s;
+  GetSystemInfo(&s);
+  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, 8);
 }
 
+#endif
 
-/// Check for console input. Original code from Beowulf, Olithink and Greko
 
+/*
+  From Beowulf, from Olithink
+*/
 #ifndef _WIN32
-
-int input_available() {
-
-  fd_set readfds;
+/* Non-windows version */
+int Bioskey()
+{
+  fd_set          readfds;
   struct timeval  timeout;
 
   FD_ZERO(&readfds);
   FD_SET(fileno(stdin), &readfds);
-  timeout.tv_sec = 0; // Set to timeout immediately
+  /* Set to timeout immediately */
+  timeout.tv_sec = 0;
   timeout.tv_usec = 0;
   select(16, &readfds, 0, 0, &timeout);
 
@@ -192,79 +225,54 @@ int input_available() {
 }
 
 #else
+/* Windows-version */
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <conio.h>
+int Bioskey()
+{
+    static int      init = 0,
+                    pipe;
+    static HANDLE   inh;
+    DWORD           dw;
+    /* If we're running under XBoard then we can't use _kbhit() as the input
+     * commands are sent to us directly over the internal pipe */
 
-int input_available() {
+#if defined(FILE_CNT)
+    if (stdin->_cnt > 0)
+        return stdin->_cnt;
+#endif
+    if (!init) {
+        init = 1;
+        inh = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
+        pipe = !GetConsoleMode(inh, &dw);
+        if (!pipe) {
+            SetConsoleMode(inh, dw & ~(ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT | ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT));
+            FlushConsoleInputBuffer(inh);
+        }
+    }
+    if (pipe) {
+        if (!PeekNamedPipe(inh, NULL, 0, NULL, &dw, NULL))
+            return 1;
+        return dw;
+    } else {
+        // Count the number of unread input records, including keyboard,
+        // mouse, and window-resizing input records.
+        GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(inh, &dw);
+        if (dw <= 0)
+            return 0;
 
-  static HANDLE inh = NULL;
-  static bool usePipe = false;
-  INPUT_RECORD rec[256];
-  DWORD nchars, recCnt;
+        // Read data from console without removing it from the buffer
+        INPUT_RECORD rec[256];
+        DWORD recCnt;
+        if (!PeekConsoleInput(inh, rec, Min(dw, 256), &recCnt))
+            return 0;
 
-  if (!inh)
-  {
-      inh = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
-      if (GetConsoleMode(inh, &nchars))
-      {
-          SetConsoleMode(inh, nchars & ~(ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT | ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT));
-          FlushConsoleInputBuffer(inh);
-      } else
-          usePipe = true;
-  }
+        // Search for at least one keyboard event
+        for (DWORD i = 0; i < recCnt; i++)
+            if (rec[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT)
+                return 1;
 
-  // When using Standard C input functions, also check if there
-  // is anything in the buffer. After a call to such functions,
-  // the input waiting in the pipe will be copied to the buffer,
-  // and the call to PeekNamedPipe can indicate no input available.
-  // Setting stdin to unbuffered was not enough. [from Greko]
-  if (stdin->_cnt > 0)
-      return 1;
-
-  // When running under a GUI the input commands are sent to us
-  // directly over the internal pipe. If PeekNamedPipe() returns 0
-  // then something went wrong. Probably the parent program exited.
-  // Returning 1 will make the next call to the input function
-  // return EOF, where this should be catched then.
-  if (usePipe)
-      return PeekNamedPipe(inh, NULL, 0, NULL, &nchars, NULL) ? nchars : 1;
-
-  // Count the number of unread input records, including keyboard,
-  // mouse, and window-resizing input records.
-  GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(inh, &nchars);
-
-  // Read data from console without removing it from the buffer
-  if (nchars <= 0 || !PeekConsoleInput(inh, rec, Min(nchars, 256), &recCnt))
-      return 0;
-
-  // Search for at least one keyboard event
-  for (DWORD i = 0; i < recCnt; i++)
-      if (rec[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT)
-          return 1;
-
-  return 0;
+        return 0;
+    }
 }
-
-#endif
-
-
-/// prefetch() preloads the given address in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
-/// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data to be
-/// loaded from memory, that can be quite slow.
-#if defined(NO_PREFETCH)
-
-void prefetch(char*) {}
-
-#else
-
-void prefetch(char* addr) {
-
-#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
-   // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by
-   // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
-   __asm__ ("");
-#endif
-
-  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
-  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
-}
-
 #endif

src/misc.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,18 +17,55 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(MISC_H_INCLUDED)
 #define MISC_H_INCLUDED
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <fstream>
 #include <string>
+
+#include "application.h"
 #include "types.h"
 
+////
+//// Macros
+////
+
+#define Min(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (x) : (y))
+#define Max(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (y) : (x))
+
+
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+extern bool Chess960;
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
 extern const std::string engine_name();
-extern const std::string engine_authors();
 extern int get_system_time();
 extern int cpu_count();
-extern int input_available();
-extern void prefetch(char* addr);
+extern int Bioskey();
+
+
+////
+//// Debug
+////
+
+extern bool dbg_show_mean;
+extern bool dbg_show_hit_rate;
+
+extern uint64_t dbg_cnt0;
+extern uint64_t dbg_cnt1;
 
 extern void dbg_hit_on(bool b);
 extern void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b);
@@ -37,5 +74,7 @@ extern void dbg_after();
 extern void dbg_mean_of(int v);
 extern void dbg_print_hit_rate();
 extern void dbg_print_mean();
+extern void dbg_print_hit_rate(std::ofstream& logFile);
+extern void dbg_print_mean(std::ofstream& logFile);
 
 #endif // !defined(MISC_H_INCLUDED)

src/move.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,242 +17,136 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <iomanip>
-#include <string>
-#include <sstream>
 
 #include "move.h"
-#include "movegen.h"
-#include "search.h"
+#include "piece.h"
+#include "position.h"
 
-using std::string;
 
-namespace {
-  const string time_string(int milliseconds);
-  const string score_string(Value v);
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+/// move_from_string() takes a position and a string as input, and attempts to
+/// convert the string to a move, using simple coordinate notation (g1f3,
+/// a7a8q, etc.). In order to correctly parse en passant captures and castling
+/// moves, we need the position. This function is not robust, and expects that
+/// the input move is legal and correctly formatted.
+
+Move move_from_string(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
+
+  Square from, to;
+  Piece piece;
+  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+
+  if (str.length() < 4)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+
+  // Read the from and to squares
+  from = square_from_string(str.substr(0, 2));
+  to = square_from_string(str.substr(2, 4));
+
+  // Find the moving piece
+  piece = pos.piece_on(from);
+
+  // If the string has more than 4 characters, try to interpret the 5th
+  // character as a promotion
+  if (type_of_piece(piece) == PAWN && str.length() > 4)
+  {
+      switch (tolower(str[4])) {
+      case 'n':
+          return make_promotion_move(from, to, KNIGHT);
+      case 'b':
+          return make_promotion_move(from, to, BISHOP);
+      case 'r':
+          return make_promotion_move(from, to, ROOK);
+      case 'q':
+          return make_promotion_move(from, to, QUEEN);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING))
+  {
+      // Is this a castling move? A king move is assumed to be a castling
+      // move if the destination square is occupied by a friendly rook, or
+      // if the distance between the source and destination squares is more
+      // than 1.
+      if (pos.piece_on(to) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
+          return make_castle_move(from, to);
+
+      else if (square_distance(from, to) > 1)
+      {
+          // This is a castling move, but we have to translate it to the
+          // internal "king captures rook" representation.
+          SquareDelta delta = (to > from ? DELTA_E : DELTA_W);
+          Square s = from + delta;
+          while (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 && pos.piece_on(s) != piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
+              s += delta;
+
+          return (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 ? make_castle_move(from, s) : MOVE_NONE);
+      }
+  }
+  else if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
+  {
+      // En passant move? We assume that a pawn move is an en passant move
+      // without further testing if the destination square is epSquare.
+      if (to == pos.ep_square())
+          return make_ep_move(from, to);
+  }
+  return make_move(from, to);
 }
 
 
-/// move_to_uci() converts a move to a string in coordinate notation
-/// (g1f3, a7a8q, etc.). The only special case is castling moves, where we
+/// move_to_string() converts a move to a string in coordinate notation
+/// (g1f3, a7a8q, etc.).  The only special case is castling moves, where we
 /// print in the e1g1 notation in normal chess mode, and in e1h1 notation in
 /// Chess960 mode.
 
-const string move_to_uci(Move m, bool chess960) {
+const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
 
-  Square from = move_from(m);
-  Square to = move_to(m);
-  string promotion;
+  std::string str;
+  Square from = move_from(move);
+  Square to = move_to(move);
 
-  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-      return "(none)";
-
-  if (m == MOVE_NULL)
-      return "0000";
-
-  if (move_is_short_castle(m) && !chess960)
-      return from == SQ_E1 ? "e1g1" : "e8g8";
-
-  if (move_is_long_castle(m) && !chess960)
-      return from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8";
-
-  if (move_is_promotion(m))
-      promotion = char(tolower(piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m))));
-
-  return square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to) + promotion;
-}
-
-
-/// move_from_uci() takes a position and a string representing a move in
-/// simple coordinate notation and returns an equivalent Move if any.
-/// Moves are guaranteed to be legal.
-
-Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, const string& str) {
-
-  MoveStack mlist[MAX_MOVES];
-  MoveStack* last = generate<MV_LEGAL>(pos, mlist);
-
-  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-      if (str == move_to_uci(cur->move, pos.is_chess960()))
-          return cur->move;
-
-  return MOVE_NONE;
-}
-
-
-/// move_to_san() takes a position and a move as input, where it is assumed
-/// that the move is a legal move from the position. The return value is
-/// a string containing the move in short algebraic notation.
-
-const string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m) {
-
-  assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
-
-  MoveStack mlist[MAX_MOVES];
-  Square from = move_from(m);
-  Square to = move_to(m);
-  PieceType pt = pos.type_of_piece_on(from);
-  string san;
-
-  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-      return "(none)";
-
-  if (m == MOVE_NULL)
-      return "(null)";
-
-  if (move_is_long_castle(m))
-      san = "O-O-O";
-  else if (move_is_short_castle(m))
-      san = "O-O";
+  if (move == MOVE_NONE)
+      str = "(none)";
+  else if (move == MOVE_NULL)
+      str = "0000";
   else
   {
-      if (pt != PAWN)
+      if (!Chess960)
       {
-          san = piece_type_to_char(pt);
+          if (move_is_short_castle(move))
+              return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1g1" : "e8g8");
 
-          // Collect all legal moves of piece type 'pt' with destination 'to'
-          MoveStack* last = generate<MV_LEGAL>(pos, mlist);
-          int f = 0, r = 0;
-
-          for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-              if (   move_to(cur->move) == to
-                  && pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(cur->move)) == pt)
-              {
-                  if (square_file(move_from(cur->move)) == square_file(from))
-                      f++;
-
-                  if (square_rank(move_from(cur->move)) == square_rank(from))
-                      r++;
-              }
-
-          assert(f > 0 && r > 0);
-
-          // Disambiguation if we have more then one piece with destination 'to'
-          if (f == 1 && r > 1)
-              san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
-          else if (f > 1 && r == 1)
-              san += rank_to_char(square_rank(from));
-          else if (f > 1 && r > 1)
-              san += square_to_string(from);
-      }
-
-      if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
-      {
-          if (pt == PAWN)
-              san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
-
-          san += 'x';
-      }
-
-      san += square_to_string(to);
-
-      if (move_is_promotion(m))
-      {
-          san += '=';
-          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m));
+          if (move_is_long_castle(move))
+              return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8");
       }
+      str = square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to);
+      if (move_is_promotion(move))
+          str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(move), false);
   }
-
-  // The move gives check? We don't use pos.move_gives_check() here
-  // because we need to test for a mate after the move is done.
-  StateInfo st;
-  pos.do_move(m, st);
-  if (pos.in_check())
-      san += pos.is_mate() ? "#" : "+";
-  pos.undo_move(m);
-
-  return san;
+  return str;
 }
 
 
-/// pretty_pv() creates a human-readable string from a position and a PV.
-/// It is used to write search information to the log file (which is created
-/// when the UCI parameter "Use Search Log" is "true").
+/// Overload the << operator, to make it easier to print moves.
 
-const string pretty_pv(Position& pos, int depth, Value score, int time, Move pv[]) {
+std::ostream &operator << (std::ostream& os, Move m) {
 
-  const int64_t K = 1000;
-  const int64_t M = 1000000;
-  const int startColumn = 28;
-  const size_t maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
-  const string lf = string("\n") + string(startColumn, ' ');
-
-  StateInfo state[PLY_MAX_PLUS_2], *st = state;
-  Move* m = pv;
-  string san;
-  std::stringstream s;
-  size_t length = 0;
-
-  // First print depth, score, time and searched nodes...
-  s << std::setw(2) << depth
-    << std::setw(8) << score_string(score)
-    << std::setw(8) << time_string(time);
-
-  if (pos.nodes_searched() < M)
-      s << std::setw(8) << pos.nodes_searched() / 1 << "  ";
-  else if (pos.nodes_searched() < K * M)
-      s << std::setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / K << "K  ";
-  else
-      s << std::setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / M << "M  ";
-
-  // ...then print the full PV line in short algebraic notation
-  while (*m != MOVE_NONE)
-  {
-      san = move_to_san(pos, *m);
-      length += san.length() + 1;
-
-      if (length > maxLength)
-      {
-          length = san.length() + 1;
-          s << lf;
-      }
-      s << san << ' ';
-
-      pos.do_move(*m++, *st++);
-  }
-
-  // Restore original position before to leave
-  while (m != pv) pos.undo_move(*--m);
-
-  return s.str();
+  return os << move_to_string(m);
 }
 
 
-namespace {
+/// move_is_ok(), for debugging.
 
-  const string time_string(int millisecs) {
+bool move_is_ok(Move m) {
 
-    const int MSecMinute = 1000 * 60;
-    const int MSecHour   = 1000 * 60 * 60;
-
-    int hours = millisecs / MSecHour;
-    int minutes =  (millisecs % MSecHour) / MSecMinute;
-    int seconds = ((millisecs % MSecHour) % MSecMinute) / 1000;
-
-    std::stringstream s;
-
-    if (hours)
-        s << hours << ':';
-
-    s << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << minutes << ':' << std::setw(2) << seconds;
-    return s.str();
-  }
-
-
-  const string score_string(Value v) {
-
-    std::stringstream s;
-
-    if (v >= VALUE_MATE - 200)
-        s << "#" << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
-    else if (v <= -VALUE_MATE + 200)
-        s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
-    else
-        s << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << std::showpos << float(v) / PawnValueMidgame;
-
-    return s.str();
-  }
+  return square_is_ok(move_from(m)) && square_is_ok(move_to(m));
 }

src/move.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,23 +17,34 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(MOVE_H_INCLUDED)
 #define MOVE_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <string>
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <iostream>
 
 #include "misc.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "piece.h"
+#include "square.h"
 
-// Maximum number of allowed moves per position
-const int MAX_MOVES = 256;
 
-/// A move needs 16 bits to be stored
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+class Position;
+
+/// A move needs 17 bits to be stored
 ///
 /// bit  0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
 /// bit  6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
-/// bit 12-13: promotion piece type - 2 (from KNIGHT-2 to QUEEN-2)
-/// bit 14-15: special move flag: promotion (1), en passant (2), castle (3)
+/// bit 12-14: promotion piece type
+/// bit    15: en passant flag
+/// bit    16: castle flag
 ///
 /// Special cases are MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL. We can sneak these in
 /// because in any normal move destination square is always different
@@ -51,33 +62,34 @@ struct MoveStack {
   int score;
 };
 
-inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return f.score < s.score; }
+// Note that operator< is set up such that sorting will be in descending order
+inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return s.score < f.score; }
 
-// An helper insertion sort implementation, works with pointers and iterators
-template<typename T, typename K>
-inline void insertion_sort(K firstMove, K lastMove)
+// An helper insertion sort implementation
+template<typename T>
+inline void insertion_sort(T* firstMove, T* lastMove)
 {
     T value;
-    K cur, p, d;
+    T *cur, *p, *d;
 
     if (firstMove != lastMove)
         for (cur = firstMove + 1; cur != lastMove; cur++)
         {
             p = d = cur;
             value = *p--;
-            if (*p < value)
+            if (value < *p)
             {
                 do *d = *p;
-                while (--d != firstMove && *--p < value);
+                while (--d != firstMove && value < *--p);
                 *d = value;
             }
         }
 }
 
-// Our dedicated sort in range [firstMove, lastMove), first splits
-// positive scores from ramining then order seaprately the two sets.
+// Our dedicated sort in range [firstMove, lastMove), it is well
+// tuned for non-captures where we have a lot of zero scored moves.
 template<typename T>
-inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove, T** lastPositive)
+inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove)
 {
     T tmp;
     T *p, *d;
@@ -89,11 +101,11 @@ inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove, T** lastPositive)
 
     // Split positives vs non-positives
     do {
-        while ((++p)->score > 0) {}
+        while ((++p)->score > 0);
 
         if (p != d)
         {
-            while (--d != p && d->score <= 0) {}
+            while (--d != p && d->score <= 0);
 
             tmp = *p;
             *p = *d;
@@ -102,9 +114,29 @@ inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove, T** lastPositive)
 
     } while (p != d);
 
-    // Sort just positive scored moves, remaining only when we get there
-    insertion_sort<T, T*>(firstMove, p);
-    *lastPositive = p;
+    // Sort positives
+    insertion_sort<T>(firstMove, p);
+
+    d = lastMove;
+    p--;
+
+    // Split zero vs negatives
+    do {
+        while ((++p)->score == 0);
+
+        if (p != d)
+        {
+            while (--d != p && d->score < 0);
+
+            tmp = *p;
+            *p = *d;
+            *d = tmp;
+        }
+
+    } while (p != d);
+
+    // Sort negatives
+    insertion_sort<T>(p, lastMove);
 }
 
 // Picks up the best move in range [curMove, lastMove), one per cycle.
@@ -118,7 +150,7 @@ inline T pick_best(T* curMove, T* lastMove)
     bestMove = *curMove;
     while (++curMove != lastMove)
     {
-        if (bestMove < *curMove)
+        if (*curMove < bestMove)
         {
             tmp = *curMove;
             *curMove = bestMove;
@@ -128,6 +160,9 @@ inline T pick_best(T* curMove, T* lastMove)
     return bestMove;
 }
 
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
 
 inline Square move_from(Move m) {
   return Square((int(m) >> 6) & 0x3F);
@@ -137,20 +172,24 @@ inline Square move_to(Move m) {
   return Square(m & 0x3F);
 }
 
-inline bool move_is_special(Move m) {
-  return m & (3 << 14);
+inline PieceType move_promotion_piece(Move m) {
+  return PieceType((int(m) >> 12) & 7);
 }
 
-inline bool move_is_promotion(Move m) {
-  return (m & (3 << 14)) == (1 << 14);
+inline int move_is_special(Move m) {
+  return m & (0x1F << 12);
+}
+
+inline int move_is_promotion(Move m) {
+  return m & (7 << 12);
 }
 
 inline int move_is_ep(Move m) {
-  return (m & (3 << 14)) == (2 << 14);
+  return m & (1 << 15);
 }
 
 inline int move_is_castle(Move m) {
-  return (m & (3 << 14)) == (3 << 14);
+  return m & (1 << 16);
 }
 
 inline bool move_is_short_castle(Move m) {
@@ -161,35 +200,31 @@ inline bool move_is_long_castle(Move m) {
   return move_is_castle(m) && (move_to(m) < move_from(m));
 }
 
-inline PieceType move_promotion_piece(Move m) {
-  return move_is_promotion(m) ? PieceType(((int(m) >> 12) & 3) + 2) : PIECE_TYPE_NONE;
+inline Move make_promotion_move(Square from, Square to, PieceType promotion) {
+  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (int(promotion) << 12));
 }
 
 inline Move make_move(Square from, Square to) {
   return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6));
 }
 
-inline Move make_promotion_move(Square from, Square to, PieceType promotion) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | ((int(promotion) - 2) << 12) | (1 << 14));
+inline Move make_castle_move(Square from, Square to) {
+  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (1 << 16));
 }
 
 inline Move make_ep_move(Square from, Square to) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (2 << 14));
+  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (1 << 15));
 }
 
-inline Move make_castle_move(Square from, Square to) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (3 << 14));
-}
 
-inline bool move_is_ok(Move m) {
-  return move_from(m) != move_to(m); // Catches also MOVE_NONE
-}
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
 
-class Position;
+extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &os, Move m);
+extern Move move_from_string(const Position &pos, const std::string &str);
+extern const std::string move_to_string(Move m);
+extern bool move_is_ok(Move m);
 
-extern const std::string move_to_uci(Move m, bool chess960);
-extern Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, const std::string& str);
-extern const std::string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m);
-extern const std::string pretty_pv(Position& pos, int depth, Value score, int time, Move pv[]);
 
 #endif // !defined(MOVE_H_INCLUDED)

src/movegen.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "bitcount.h"
@@ -29,6 +34,10 @@
 // Version used for pawns, where the 'from' square is given as a delta from the 'to' square
 #define SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b, d) while (b) { to = pop_1st_bit(&b); (*mlist++).move = make_move(to + (d), to); }
 
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
 namespace {
 
   enum CastlingSide {
@@ -36,180 +45,115 @@ namespace {
     QUEEN_SIDE
   };
 
-  template<CastlingSide>
-  MoveStack* generate_castle_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color us);
+  enum MoveType {
+    CAPTURE,
+    NON_CAPTURE,
+    CHECK,
+    EVASION
+  };
 
-  template<Color, MoveType>
+  // Helper templates
+  template<CastlingSide Side>
+  MoveStack* generate_castle_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*);
+
+  template<Color Us, MoveType Type>
   MoveStack* generate_pawn_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*, Bitboard, Square);
 
-  template<PieceType Pt>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_discovered_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Square from) {
-
-    assert(Pt != QUEEN);
-
-    Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<Pt>(from) & pos.empty_squares();
-    if (Pt == KING)
-    {
-        Square ksq = pos.king_square(opposite_color(pos.side_to_move()));
-        b &= ~QueenPseudoAttacks[ksq];
-    }
-    SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-    return mlist;
-  }
-
-  template<PieceType Pt>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_direct_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us,
-                                           Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
-    assert(Pt != KING);
-
-    Bitboard checkSqs, b;
-    Square from;
-    const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Pt);
-
-    if ((from = *ptr++) == SQ_NONE)
-        return mlist;
-
-    checkSqs = pos.attacks_from<Pt>(ksq) & pos.empty_squares();
-
-    do
-    {
-        if (   (Pt == QUEEN  && !(QueenPseudoAttacks[from]  & checkSqs))
-            || (Pt == ROOK   && !(RookPseudoAttacks[from]   & checkSqs))
-            || (Pt == BISHOP && !(BishopPseudoAttacks[from] & checkSqs)))
-            continue;
-
-        if (dc && bit_is_set(dc, from))
-            continue;
-
-        b = pos.attacks_from<Pt>(from) & checkSqs;
-        SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-
-    } while ((from = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE);
-
-    return mlist;
-  }
+  // Template generate_piece_moves (captures and non-captures) with specializations and overloads
+  template<PieceType>
+  MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard);
 
   template<>
-  FORCE_INLINE MoveStack* generate_direct_checks<PAWN>(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
+  MoveStack* generate_piece_moves<KING>(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard);
 
-    return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, MV_CHECK>(p, m, dc, ksq)
-                        : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, MV_CHECK>(p, m, dc, ksq));
-  }
+  template<PieceType Piece, MoveType Type>
+  inline MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard t) {
 
-  template<PieceType Pt, MoveType Type>
-  FORCE_INLINE MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard t) {
-
-    assert(Pt == PAWN);
-    assert(Type == MV_CAPTURE || Type == MV_NON_CAPTURE || Type == MV_EVASION);
+    assert(Piece == PAWN);
+    assert(Type == CAPTURE || Type == NON_CAPTURE || Type == EVASION);
 
     return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, Type>(p, m, t, SQ_NONE)
                         : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, Type>(p, m, t, SQ_NONE));
   }
 
-  template<PieceType Pt>
-  FORCE_INLINE MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us, Bitboard target) {
+  // Templates for non-capture checks generation
 
-    Bitboard b;
-    Square from;
-    const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Pt);
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  MoveStack* generate_discovered_checks(const Position&, MoveStack*, Square);
 
-    if (*ptr != SQ_NONE)
-    {
-        do {
-            from = *ptr;
-            b = pos.attacks_from<Pt>(from) & target;
-            SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-        } while (*++ptr != SQ_NONE);
-    }
-    return mlist;
-  }
+  template<PieceType>
+  MoveStack* generate_direct_checks(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard, Square);
 
   template<>
-  FORCE_INLINE MoveStack* generate_piece_moves<KING>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us, Bitboard target) {
+  inline MoveStack* generate_direct_checks<PAWN>(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
 
-    Bitboard b;
-    Square from = pos.king_square(us);
-
-    b = pos.attacks_from<KING>(from) & target;
-    SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-    return mlist;
+    return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, CHECK>(p, m, dc, ksq)
+                        : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, CHECK>(p, m, dc, ksq));
   }
-
 }
 
 
-/// generate<MV_CAPTURE> generates all pseudo-legal captures and queen
-/// promotions. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
-///
-/// generate<MV_NON_CAPTURE> generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and
-/// underpromotions. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
-///
-/// generate<MV_NON_EVASION> generates all pseudo-legal captures and
-/// non-captures. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
-template<MoveType Type>
-MoveStack* generate(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+
+/// generate_captures() generates all pseudo-legal captures and queen
+/// promotions. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
+
+MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(!pos.in_check());
+  assert(!pos.is_check());
 
   Color us = pos.side_to_move();
-  Bitboard target;
+  Bitboard target = pos.pieces_of_color(opposite_color(us));
 
-  if (Type == MV_CAPTURE || Type == MV_NON_EVASION)
-      target = pos.pieces_of_color(opposite_color(us));
-  else if (Type == MV_NON_CAPTURE)
-      target = pos.empty_squares();
-  else
-      assert(false);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  return  generate_piece_moves<KING>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+}
 
-  if (Type == MV_NON_EVASION)
-  {
-      mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, MV_CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-      mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, MV_NON_CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, pos.empty_squares());
-      target |= pos.empty_squares();
-  }
-  else
-      mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, Type>(pos, mlist, us, target);
 
+/// generate_noncaptures() generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and
+/// underpromotions. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
+
+MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+
+  assert(pos.is_ok());
+  assert(!pos.is_check());
+
+  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+  Bitboard target = pos.empty_squares();
+
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, NON_CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<KING>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-
-  if (Type != MV_CAPTURE)
-  {
-      if (pos.can_castle_kingside(us))
-          mlist = generate_castle_moves<KING_SIDE>(pos, mlist, us);
-
-      if (pos.can_castle_queenside(us))
-          mlist = generate_castle_moves<QUEEN_SIDE>(pos, mlist, us);
-  }
-
-  return mlist;
+  mlist = generate_castle_moves<KING_SIDE>(pos, mlist);
+  return  generate_castle_moves<QUEEN_SIDE>(pos, mlist);
 }
 
-// Explicit template instantiations
-template MoveStack* generate<MV_CAPTURE>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-template MoveStack* generate<MV_NON_CAPTURE>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-template MoveStack* generate<MV_NON_EVASION>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-
 
 /// generate_non_capture_checks() generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and knight
 /// underpromotions that give check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
-template<>
-MoveStack* generate<MV_NON_CAPTURE_CHECK>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+
+MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(!pos.in_check());
+  assert(!pos.is_check());
 
   Bitboard b, dc;
   Square from;
   Color us = pos.side_to_move();
   Square ksq = pos.king_square(opposite_color(us));
 
-  assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == make_piece(opposite_color(us), KING));
+  assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == piece_of_color_and_type(opposite_color(us), KING));
 
   // Discovered non-capture checks
   b = dc = pos.discovered_check_candidates(us);
@@ -239,11 +183,11 @@ MoveStack* generate<MV_NON_CAPTURE_CHECK>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist)
 
 /// generate_evasions() generates all pseudo-legal check evasions when
 /// the side to move is in check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
-template<>
-MoveStack* generate<MV_EVASION>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+
+MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(pos.in_check());
+  assert(pos.is_check());
 
   Bitboard b, target;
   Square from, checksq;
@@ -253,7 +197,7 @@ MoveStack* generate<MV_EVASION>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
   Bitboard checkers = pos.checkers();
   Bitboard sliderAttacks = EmptyBoardBB;
 
-  assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == make_piece(us, KING));
+  assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING));
   assert(checkers);
 
   // Find squares attacked by slider checkers, we will remove
@@ -274,7 +218,7 @@ MoveStack* generate<MV_EVASION>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
       case QUEEN:
           // In case of a queen remove also squares attacked in the other direction to
           // avoid possible illegal moves when queen and king are on adjacent squares.
-          if (RookPseudoAttacks[checksq] & (1ULL << ksq))
+          if (direction_is_straight(checksq, ksq))
               sliderAttacks |= RookPseudoAttacks[checksq] | pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(checksq);
           else
               sliderAttacks |= BishopPseudoAttacks[checksq] | pos.attacks_from<ROOK>(checksq);
@@ -296,7 +240,7 @@ MoveStack* generate<MV_EVASION>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
   // checker piece is possible.
   target = squares_between(checksq, ksq) | checkers;
 
-  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, MV_EVASION>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, EVASION>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
@@ -304,169 +248,325 @@ MoveStack* generate<MV_EVASION>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 }
 
 
-/// generate<MV_LEGAL / MV_PSEUDO_LEGAL> computes a complete list of legal
-/// or pseudo-legal moves in the current position.
-template<>
-MoveStack* generate<MV_PSEUDO_LEGAL>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+/// generate_moves() computes a complete list of legal or pseudo-legal moves in
+/// the current position. This function is not very fast, and should be used
+/// only in non time-critical paths.
 
-  assert(pos.is_ok());
-
-  return pos.in_check() ? generate<MV_EVASION>(pos, mlist)
-                        : generate<MV_NON_EVASION>(pos, mlist);
-}
-
-template<>
-MoveStack* generate<MV_LEGAL>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLegal) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
   MoveStack *last, *cur = mlist;
   Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
 
-  last = generate<MV_PSEUDO_LEGAL>(pos, mlist);
+  // Generate pseudo-legal moves
+  if (pos.is_check())
+      last = generate_evasions(pos, mlist);
+  else
+      last = generate_noncaptures(pos, generate_captures(pos, mlist));
+
+  if (pseudoLegal)
+      return last;
 
   // Remove illegal moves from the list
   while (cur != last)
-      if (!pos.pl_move_is_legal(cur->move, pinned))
-          cur->move = (--last)->move;
-      else
+      if (pos.pl_move_is_legal(cur->move, pinned))
           cur++;
+      else
+          cur->move = (--last)->move;
 
   return last;
 }
 
 
-namespace {
+/// move_is_legal() takes a position and a (not necessarily pseudo-legal)
+/// move and tests whether the move is legal. This version is not very fast
+/// and should be used only in non time-critical paths.
 
-  template<Square Delta>
-  inline Bitboard move_pawns(Bitboard p) {
+bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m) {
 
-    return Delta == DELTA_N  ? p << 8 : Delta == DELTA_S  ? p >> 8 :
-           Delta == DELTA_NE ? p << 9 : Delta == DELTA_SE ? p >> 7 :
-           Delta == DELTA_NW ? p << 7 : Delta == DELTA_SW ? p >> 9 : p;
+  MoveStack mlist[256];
+  MoveStack *cur, *last = generate_moves(pos, mlist, true);
+
+   for (cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
+      if (cur->move == m)
+          return pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move()));
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+/// Fast version of move_is_legal() that takes a position a move and a
+/// bitboard of pinned pieces as input, and tests whether the move is legal.
+
+bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned) {
+
+  assert(pos.is_ok());
+  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+  assert(pinned == pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move()));
+
+  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+  Color them = opposite_color(us);
+  Square from = move_from(m);
+  Square to = move_to(m);
+  Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
+
+  // Use a slower but simpler function for uncommon cases
+  if (move_is_ep(m) || move_is_castle(m))
+      return move_is_legal(pos, m);
+
+  // If the from square is not occupied by a piece belonging to the side to
+  // move, the move is obviously not legal.
+  if (color_of_piece(pc) != us)
+      return false;
+
+  // The destination square cannot be occupied by a friendly piece
+  if (pos.color_of_piece_on(to) == us)
+      return false;
+
+  // Handle the special case of a pawn move
+  if (type_of_piece(pc) == PAWN)
+  {
+      // Move direction must be compatible with pawn color
+      int direction = to - from;
+      if ((us == WHITE) != (direction > 0))
+          return false;
+
+      // A pawn move is a promotion iff the destination square is
+      // on the 8/1th rank.
+      if ((  (square_rank(to) == RANK_8 && us == WHITE)
+           ||(square_rank(to) == RANK_1 && us != WHITE)) != bool(move_is_promotion(m)))
+          return false;
+
+      // Proceed according to the square delta between the origin and
+      // destination squares.
+      switch (direction)
+      {
+      case DELTA_NW:
+      case DELTA_NE:
+      case DELTA_SW:
+      case DELTA_SE:
+      // Capture. The destination square must be occupied by an enemy
+      // piece (en passant captures was handled earlier).
+          if (pos.color_of_piece_on(to) != them)
+              return false;
+          break;
+
+      case DELTA_N:
+      case DELTA_S:
+      // Pawn push. The destination square must be empty.
+          if (!pos.square_is_empty(to))
+              return false;
+          break;
+
+      case DELTA_NN:
+      // Double white pawn push. The destination square must be on the fourth
+      // rank, and both the destination square and the square between the
+      // source and destination squares must be empty.
+      if (   square_rank(to) != RANK_4
+          || !pos.square_is_empty(to)
+          || !pos.square_is_empty(from + DELTA_N))
+          return false;
+          break;
+
+      case DELTA_SS:
+      // Double black pawn push. The destination square must be on the fifth
+      // rank, and both the destination square and the square between the
+      // source and destination squares must be empty.
+          if (   square_rank(to) != RANK_5
+              || !pos.square_is_empty(to)
+              || !pos.square_is_empty(from + DELTA_S))
+              return false;
+          break;
+
+      default:
+          return false;
+      }
+      // The move is pseudo-legal, check if it is also legal
+      return pos.is_check() ? pos.pl_move_is_evasion(m, pinned) : pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned);
   }
 
-  template<MoveType Type, Square Delta>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_pawn_captures(MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pawns, Bitboard target) {
+  // Luckly we can handle all the other pieces in one go
+  return    bit_is_set(pos.attacks_from(pc, from), to)
+        && (pos.is_check() ? pos.pl_move_is_evasion(m, pinned) : pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned))
+        && !move_is_promotion(m);
+}
 
-    const Bitboard TFileABB = (Delta == DELTA_NE || Delta == DELTA_SE ? FileABB : FileHBB);
+
+namespace {
+
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us, Bitboard target) {
 
     Bitboard b;
-    Square to;
+    Square from;
+    const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Piece);
 
-    // Captures in the a1-h8 (a8-h1 for black) diagonal or in the h1-a8 (h8-a1 for black)
-    b = move_pawns<Delta>(pawns) & target & ~TFileABB;
-    SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b, -Delta);
+    while ((from = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
+    {
+        b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & target;
+        SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+    }
     return mlist;
   }
 
-  template<Color Us, MoveType Type, Square Delta>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_promotions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pawnsOn7, Bitboard target) {
-
-    const Bitboard TFileABB = (Delta == DELTA_NE || Delta == DELTA_SE ? FileABB : FileHBB);
+  template<>
+  MoveStack* generate_piece_moves<KING>(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us, Bitboard target) {
 
     Bitboard b;
+    Square from = pos.king_square(us);
+
+    b = pos.attacks_from<KING>(from) & target;
+    SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+    return mlist;
+  }
+
+  template<Color Us, SquareDelta Direction>
+  inline Bitboard move_pawns(Bitboard p) {
+
+    if (Direction == DELTA_N)
+        return Us == WHITE ? p << 8 : p >> 8;
+    else if (Direction == DELTA_NE)
+        return Us == WHITE ? p << 9 : p >> 7;
+    else if (Direction == DELTA_NW)
+        return Us == WHITE ? p << 7 : p >> 9;
+    else
+        return p;
+  }
+
+  template<Color Us, MoveType Type, SquareDelta Diagonal>
+  inline MoveStack* generate_pawn_captures(MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pawns, Bitboard enemyPieces) {
+
+    // Calculate our parametrized parameters at compile time
+    const Bitboard TRank8BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank8BB : Rank1BB);
+    const Bitboard TFileABB = (Diagonal == DELTA_NE ? FileABB : FileHBB);
+    const SquareDelta TDELTA_NE = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NE : DELTA_SE);
+    const SquareDelta TDELTA_NW = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NW : DELTA_SW);
+    const SquareDelta TTDELTA_NE = (Diagonal == DELTA_NE ? TDELTA_NE : TDELTA_NW);
+
+    Bitboard b1, b2;
     Square to;
 
-    // Promotions and under-promotions, both captures and non-captures
-    b = move_pawns<Delta>(pawnsOn7) & target;
+    // Captures in the a1-h8 (a8-h1 for black) diagonal or in the h1-a8 (h8-a1 for black)
+    b1 = move_pawns<Us, Diagonal>(pawns) & ~TFileABB & enemyPieces;
 
-    if (Delta != DELTA_N && Delta != DELTA_S)
-        b &= ~TFileABB;
-
-    while (b)
+    // Capturing promotions and under-promotions
+    if (b1 & TRank8BB)
     {
-        to = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-
-        if (Type == MV_CAPTURE || Type == MV_EVASION)
-            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, QUEEN);
-
-        if (Type == MV_NON_CAPTURE || Type == MV_EVASION)
+        b2 = b1 & TRank8BB;
+        b1 &= ~TRank8BB;
+        while (b2)
         {
-            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, ROOK);
-            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, BISHOP);
-            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, KNIGHT);
-        }
+            to = pop_1st_bit(&b2);
 
-        // This is the only possible under promotion that can give a check
-        // not already included in the queen-promotion.
-        if (   Type == MV_CHECK
-            && bit_is_set(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(to), pos.king_square(opposite_color(Us))))
-            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, KNIGHT);
-        else (void)pos; // Silence a warning under MSVC
+            if (Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TTDELTA_NE, to, QUEEN);
+
+            if (Type == NON_CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+            {
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TTDELTA_NE, to, ROOK);
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TTDELTA_NE, to, BISHOP);
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TTDELTA_NE, to, KNIGHT);
+            }
+
+            // This is the only possible under promotion that can give a check
+            // not already included in the queen-promotion. It is not sure that
+            // the promoted knight will give check, but it doesn't worth to verify.
+            if (Type == CHECK)
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TTDELTA_NE, to, KNIGHT);
+        }
     }
+
+    // Serialize standard captures
+    if (Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+        SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b1, -TTDELTA_NE);
+
     return mlist;
   }
 
   template<Color Us, MoveType Type>
   MoveStack* generate_pawn_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard target, Square ksq) {
 
-    // Calculate our parametrized parameters at compile time, named
-    // according to the point of view of white side.
-    const Color    Them      = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK    : WHITE);
-    const Bitboard TRank7BB  = (Us == WHITE ? Rank7BB  : Rank2BB);
-    const Bitboard TRank3BB  = (Us == WHITE ? Rank3BB  : Rank6BB);
-    const Square   TDELTA_N  = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_N  : DELTA_S);
-    const Square   TDELTA_NE = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NE : DELTA_SE);
-    const Square   TDELTA_NW = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NW : DELTA_SW);
+    // Calculate our parametrized parameters at compile time
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+    const Bitboard TRank8BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank8BB : Rank1BB);
+    const Bitboard TRank7BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank7BB : Rank2BB);
+    const Bitboard TRank3BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank3BB : Rank6BB);
+    const SquareDelta TDELTA_N = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
 
     Square to;
-    Bitboard b1, b2, dc1, dc2, pawnPushes, emptySquares;
+    Bitboard b1, b2, enemyPieces, emptySquares;
     Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, Us);
-    Bitboard pawnsOn7 = pawns & TRank7BB;
-    Bitboard enemyPieces = (Type == MV_CAPTURE ? target : pos.pieces_of_color(Them));
 
-    // Pre-calculate pawn pushes before changing emptySquares definition
-    if (Type != MV_CAPTURE)
+    // Standard captures and capturing promotions and underpromotions
+    if (Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION || (pawns & TRank7BB))
     {
-        emptySquares = (Type == MV_NON_CAPTURE ? target : pos.empty_squares());
-        pawnPushes = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(pawns & ~TRank7BB) & emptySquares;
+        enemyPieces = (Type == CAPTURE ? target : pos.pieces_of_color(opposite_color(Us)));
+
+        if (Type == EVASION)
+            enemyPieces &= target; // Capture only the checker piece
+
+        mlist = generate_pawn_captures<Us, Type, DELTA_NE>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces);
+        mlist = generate_pawn_captures<Us, Type, DELTA_NW>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces);
     }
 
-    if (Type == MV_EVASION)
+    // Non-capturing promotions and underpromotions
+    if (pawns & TRank7BB)
     {
-        emptySquares &= target; // Only blocking squares
-        enemyPieces  &= target; // Capture only the checker piece
-    }
+        b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(pawns) & TRank8BB & pos.empty_squares();
 
-    // Promotions and underpromotions
-    if (pawnsOn7)
-    {
-        if (Type == MV_CAPTURE)
-            emptySquares = pos.empty_squares();
+        if (Type == EVASION)
+            b1 &= target; // Only blocking promotion pushes
 
-        pawns &= ~TRank7BB;
-        mlist = generate_promotions<Us, Type, TDELTA_NE>(pos, mlist, pawnsOn7, enemyPieces);
-        mlist = generate_promotions<Us, Type, TDELTA_NW>(pos, mlist, pawnsOn7, enemyPieces);
-        mlist = generate_promotions<Us, Type, TDELTA_N >(pos, mlist, pawnsOn7, emptySquares);
-    }
-
-    // Standard captures
-    if (Type == MV_CAPTURE || Type == MV_EVASION)
-    {
-        mlist = generate_pawn_captures<Type, TDELTA_NE>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces);
-        mlist = generate_pawn_captures<Type, TDELTA_NW>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces);
-    }
-
-    // Single and double pawn pushes
-    if (Type != MV_CAPTURE)
-    {
-        b1 = pawnPushes & emptySquares;
-        b2 = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(pawnPushes & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
-
-        if (Type == MV_CHECK)
+        while (b1)
         {
-            // Consider only pawn moves which give direct checks
+            to = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
+
+            if (Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, QUEEN);
+
+            if (Type == NON_CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+            {
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, ROOK);
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, BISHOP);
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, KNIGHT);
+            }
+
+            // This is the only possible under promotion that can give a check
+            // not already included in the queen-promotion.
+            if (Type == CHECK && bit_is_set(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(to), pos.king_square(Them)))
+                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, KNIGHT);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Standard pawn pushes and double pushes
+    if (Type != CAPTURE)
+    {
+        emptySquares = (Type == NON_CAPTURE ? target : pos.empty_squares());
+
+        // Single and double pawn pushes
+        b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(pawns) & emptySquares & ~TRank8BB;
+        b2 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(b1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
+
+        // Filter out unwanted pushes according to the move type
+        if (Type == EVASION)
+        {
+            b1 &= target;
+            b2 &= target;
+        }
+        else if (Type == CHECK)
+        {
+            // Pawn moves which give direct cheks
             b1 &= pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ksq, Them);
             b2 &= pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ksq, Them);
 
-            // Add pawn moves which gives discovered check. This is possible only
-            // if the pawn is not on the same file as the enemy king, because we
-            // don't generate captures.
+            // Pawn moves which gives discovered check. This is possible only if
+            // the pawn is not on the same file as the enemy king, because we
+            //  don't generate captures.
             if (pawns & target) // For CHECK type target is dc bitboard
             {
-                dc1 = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(pawns & target & ~file_bb(ksq)) & emptySquares;
-                dc2 = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(dc1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
+                Bitboard dc1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(pawns & target & ~file_bb(ksq)) & emptySquares & ~TRank8BB;
+                Bitboard dc2 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(dc1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
 
                 b1 |= dc1;
                 b2 |= dc2;
@@ -477,7 +577,7 @@ namespace {
     }
 
     // En passant captures
-    if ((Type == MV_CAPTURE || Type == MV_EVASION) && pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
+    if ((Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION) && pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
     {
         assert(Us != WHITE || square_rank(pos.ep_square()) == RANK_6);
         assert(Us != BLACK || square_rank(pos.ep_square()) == RANK_3);
@@ -485,7 +585,7 @@ namespace {
         // An en passant capture can be an evasion only if the checking piece
         // is the double pushed pawn and so is in the target. Otherwise this
         // is a discovery check and we are forced to do otherwise.
-        if (Type == MV_EVASION && !bit_is_set(target, pos.ep_square() - TDELTA_N))
+        if (Type == EVASION && !bit_is_set(target, pos.ep_square() - TDELTA_N))
             return mlist;
 
         b1 = pawns & pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(pos.ep_square(), Them);
@@ -501,42 +601,93 @@ namespace {
     return mlist;
   }
 
-  template<CastlingSide Side>
-  MoveStack* generate_castle_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us) {
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  MoveStack* generate_discovered_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Square from) {
 
-    Color them = opposite_color(us);
-    Square ksq = pos.king_square(us);
+    assert(Piece != QUEEN);
 
-    assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == make_piece(us, KING));
+    Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & pos.empty_squares();
+    if (Piece == KING)
+    {
+        Square ksq = pos.king_square(opposite_color(pos.side_to_move()));
+        b &= ~QueenPseudoAttacks[ksq];
+    }
+    SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+    return mlist;
+  }
 
-    Square rsq = (Side == KING_SIDE ? pos.initial_kr_square(us) : pos.initial_qr_square(us));
-    Square s1 = relative_square(us, Side == KING_SIDE ? SQ_G1 : SQ_C1);
-    Square s2 = relative_square(us, Side == KING_SIDE ? SQ_F1 : SQ_D1);
-    Square s;
-    bool illegal = false;
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  MoveStack* generate_direct_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us,
+                                   Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
+    assert(Piece != KING);
 
-    assert(pos.piece_on(rsq) == make_piece(us, ROOK));
+    Bitboard checkSqs, b;
+    Square from;
+    const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Piece);
 
-    // It is a bit complicated to correctly handle Chess960
-    for (s = Min(ksq, s1); s <= Max(ksq, s1); s++)
-        if (  (s != ksq && s != rsq && pos.square_is_occupied(s))
-            ||(pos.attackers_to(s) & pos.pieces_of_color(them)))
-            illegal = true;
+    if ((from = *ptr++) == SQ_NONE)
+        return mlist;
 
-    for (s = Min(rsq, s2); s <= Max(rsq, s2); s++)
-        if (s != ksq && s != rsq && pos.square_is_occupied(s))
-            illegal = true;
+    checkSqs = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(ksq) & pos.empty_squares();
 
-    if (   Side == QUEEN_SIDE
-        && square_file(rsq) == FILE_B
-        && (   pos.piece_on(relative_square(us, SQ_A1)) == make_piece(them, ROOK)
-            || pos.piece_on(relative_square(us, SQ_A1)) == make_piece(them, QUEEN)))
-        illegal = true;
+    do
+    {
+        if (   (Piece == QUEEN  && !(QueenPseudoAttacks[from]  & checkSqs))
+            || (Piece == ROOK   && !(RookPseudoAttacks[from]   & checkSqs))
+            || (Piece == BISHOP && !(BishopPseudoAttacks[from] & checkSqs)))
+            continue;
 
-    if (!illegal)
-        (*mlist++).move = make_castle_move(ksq, rsq);
+        if (dc && bit_is_set(dc, from))
+            continue;
+
+        b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & checkSqs;
+        SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+
+    } while ((from = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE);
 
     return mlist;
   }
 
-} // namespace
+  template<CastlingSide Side>
+  MoveStack* generate_castle_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+
+    Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+
+    if (  (Side == KING_SIDE && pos.can_castle_kingside(us))
+        ||(Side == QUEEN_SIDE && pos.can_castle_queenside(us)))
+    {
+        Color them = opposite_color(us);
+        Square ksq = pos.king_square(us);
+
+        assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING));
+
+        Square rsq = (Side == KING_SIDE ? pos.initial_kr_square(us) : pos.initial_qr_square(us));
+        Square s1 = relative_square(us, Side == KING_SIDE ? SQ_G1 : SQ_C1);
+        Square s2 = relative_square(us, Side == KING_SIDE ? SQ_F1 : SQ_D1);
+        Square s;
+        bool illegal = false;
+
+        assert(pos.piece_on(rsq) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK));
+
+        // It is a bit complicated to correctly handle Chess960
+        for (s = Min(ksq, s1); s <= Max(ksq, s1); s++)
+            if (  (s != ksq && s != rsq && pos.square_is_occupied(s))
+                ||(pos.attackers_to(s) & pos.pieces_of_color(them)))
+                illegal = true;
+
+        for (s = Min(rsq, s2); s <= Max(rsq, s2); s++)
+            if (s != ksq && s != rsq && pos.square_is_occupied(s))
+                illegal = true;
+
+        if (   Side == QUEEN_SIDE
+            && square_file(rsq) == FILE_B
+            && (   pos.piece_on(relative_square(us, SQ_A1)) == piece_of_color_and_type(them, ROOK)
+                || pos.piece_on(relative_square(us, SQ_A1)) == piece_of_color_and_type(them, QUEEN)))
+            illegal = true;
+
+        if (!illegal)
+            (*mlist++).move = make_castle_move(ksq, rsq);
+    }
+    return mlist;
+  }
+}

src/movegen.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,24 +17,28 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED)
 #define MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include "move.h"
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include "position.h"
 
-enum MoveType {
-  MV_CAPTURE,
-  MV_NON_CAPTURE,
-  MV_CHECK,
-  MV_NON_CAPTURE_CHECK,
-  MV_EVASION,
-  MV_NON_EVASION,
-  MV_LEGAL,
-  MV_PSEUDO_LEGAL
-};
 
-template<MoveType>
-MoveStack* generate(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLegal = false);
+extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned);
+extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m);
+
 
 #endif // !defined(MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED)

src/movepick.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,35 +18,51 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
 
+#include "history.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
 #include "search.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "value.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
 
 namespace {
 
   enum MovegenPhase {
-    PH_TT_MOVES,      // Transposition table move and mate killer
-    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
-    PH_KILLERS,       // Killer moves from the current ply
-    PH_NONCAPTURES,   // Non-captures and underpromotions
-    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
-    PH_EVASIONS,      // Check evasions
-    PH_QCAPTURES,     // Captures in quiescence search
-    PH_QCHECKS,       // Non-capture checks in quiescence search
+    PH_TT_MOVES,       // Transposition table move and mate killer
+    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
+    PH_KILLERS,        // Killer moves from the current ply
+    PH_NONCAPTURES,    // Non-captures and underpromotions
+    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,   // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
+    PH_EVASIONS,       // Check evasions
+    PH_QCAPTURES,      // Captures in quiescence search
+    PH_QCHECKS,        // Non-capture checks in quiescence search
     PH_STOP
   };
 
   CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-  const uint8_t MainSearchTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, PH_KILLERS, PH_NONCAPTURES, PH_BAD_CAPTURES, PH_STOP };
-  const uint8_t EvasionTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP };
-  const uint8_t QsearchWithChecksTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_QCHECKS, PH_STOP };
-  const uint8_t QsearchWithoutChecksTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_STOP };
+  const uint8_t MainSearchPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, PH_KILLERS, PH_NONCAPTURES, PH_BAD_CAPTURES, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t EvasionsPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_QCHECKS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_STOP};
 }
 
 
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+
 /// Constructor for the MovePicker class. Apart from the position for which
 /// it is asked to pick legal moves, MovePicker also wants some information
 /// to help it to return the presumably good moves first, to decide which
@@ -54,67 +70,34 @@ namespace {
 /// search captures, promotions and some checks) and about how important good
 /// move ordering is at the current node.
 
-MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h,
-                       SearchStack* ss, Value beta) : pos(p), H(h) {
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d,
+                       const History& h, SearchStack* ss) : pos(p), H(h) {
   int searchTT = ttm;
   ttMoves[0].move = ttm;
-  badCaptureThreshold = 0;
-  badCaptures = moves + MAX_MOVES;
-
-  assert(d > DEPTH_ZERO);
+  finished = false;
+  lastBadCapture = badCaptures;
 
   pinned = p.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
 
-  if (p.in_check())
+  if (ss && !p.is_check())
   {
-      ttMoves[1].move = killers[0].move = killers[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
-      phasePtr = EvasionTable;
-  }
-  else
-  {
-      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm) ? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
+      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm)? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
       searchTT |= ttMoves[1].move;
       killers[0].move = ss->killers[0];
       killers[1].move = ss->killers[1];
+  } else
+      ttMoves[1].move = killers[0].move = killers[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
 
-      // Consider sligtly negative captures as good if at low
-      // depth and far from beta.
-      if (ss && ss->eval < beta - PawnValueMidgame && d < 3 * ONE_PLY)
-          badCaptureThreshold = -PawnValueMidgame;
-
-      phasePtr = MainSearchTable;
-  }
-
-  phasePtr += int(!searchTT) - 1;
-  go_next_phase();
-}
-
-MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h)
-                      : pos(p), H(h) {
-  int searchTT = ttm;
-  ttMoves[0].move = ttm;
-  ttMoves[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
-
-  assert(d <= DEPTH_ZERO);
-
-  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
-
-  if (p.in_check())
-      phasePtr = EvasionTable;
-  else if (d >= DEPTH_QS_CHECKS)
-      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksTable;
+  if (p.is_check())
+      phasePtr = EvasionsPhaseTable;
+  else if (d > Depth(0))
+      phasePtr = MainSearchPhaseTable;
+  else if (d == Depth(0))
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable;
   else
-  {
-      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksTable;
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable;
 
-      // Skip TT move if is not a capture or a promotion, this avoids
-      // qsearch tree explosion due to a possible perpetual check or
-      // similar rare cases when TT table is full.
-      if (ttm != MOVE_NONE && !pos.move_is_capture_or_promotion(ttm))
-          searchTT = ttMoves[0].move = MOVE_NONE;
-  }
-
-  phasePtr += int(!searchTT) - 1;
+  phasePtr += !searchTT - 1;
   go_next_phase();
 }
 
@@ -134,7 +117,7 @@ void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
       return;
 
   case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-      lastMove = generate<MV_CAPTURE>(pos, moves);
+      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
       score_captures();
       return;
 
@@ -144,35 +127,36 @@ void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
       return;
 
   case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-      lastMove = generate<MV_NON_CAPTURE>(pos, moves);
+      lastMove = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
       score_noncaptures();
-      sort_moves(moves, lastMove, &lastGoodNonCapture);
+      sort_moves(moves, lastMove);
       return;
 
   case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just pick
-      // them in order to get SEE move ordering.
+      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just sort them
+      // to get SEE move ordering.
       curMove = badCaptures;
-      lastMove = moves + MAX_MOVES;
+      lastMove = lastBadCapture;
       return;
 
   case PH_EVASIONS:
-      assert(pos.in_check());
-      lastMove = generate<MV_EVASION>(pos, moves);
+      assert(pos.is_check());
+      lastMove = generate_evasions(pos, moves);
       score_evasions();
       return;
 
   case PH_QCAPTURES:
-      lastMove = generate<MV_CAPTURE>(pos, moves);
+      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
       score_captures();
       return;
 
   case PH_QCHECKS:
-      lastMove = generate<MV_NON_CAPTURE_CHECK>(pos, moves);
+      // Perhaps we should order moves move here?  FIXME
+      lastMove = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves);
       return;
 
   case PH_STOP:
-      lastMove = curMove + 1; // Avoid another go_next_phase() call
+      lastMove = curMove + 1; // hack to be friendly for get_next_move()
       return;
 
   default:
@@ -216,15 +200,28 @@ void MovePicker::score_captures() {
 }
 
 void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
-
+  // First score by history, when no history is available then use
+  // piece/square tables values. This seems to be better then a
+  // random choice when we don't have an history for any move.
   Move m;
-  Square from;
+  Piece piece;
+  Square from, to;
+  int hs;
 
   for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
       m = cur->move;
       from = move_from(m);
-      cur->score = H.value(pos.piece_on(from), move_to(m));
+      to = move_to(m);
+      piece = pos.piece_on(from);
+      hs = H.move_ordering_score(piece, to);
+
+      // Ensure history is always preferred to pst
+      if (hs > 0)
+          hs += 1000;
+
+      // pst based scoring
+      cur->score = hs + mg_value(pos.pst_delta(piece, from, to));
   }
 }
 
@@ -236,29 +233,24 @@ void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
   Move m;
   int seeScore;
 
-  // Skip if we don't have at least two moves to order
-  if (lastMove < moves + 2)
-      return;
-
   for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
       m = cur->move;
       if ((seeScore = pos.see_sign(m)) < 0)
-          cur->score = seeScore - History::MaxValue; // Be sure we are at the bottom
+          cur->score = seeScore;
       else if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
           cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) + History::MaxValue;
+                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) + HistoryMax;
       else
-          cur->score = H.value(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
+          cur->score = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
   }
 }
 
 /// MovePicker::get_next_move() is the most important method of the MovePicker
 /// class. It returns a new legal move every time it is called, until there
-/// are no more moves left. It picks the move with the biggest score from a list
-/// of generated moves taking care not to return the tt move if has already been
-/// searched previously. Note that this function is not thread safe so should be
-/// lock protected by caller when accessed through a shared MovePicker object.
+/// are no more moves left.
+/// It picks the move with the biggest score from a list of generated moves taking
+/// care not to return the tt move if has already been searched previously.
 
 Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
 
@@ -266,85 +258,103 @@ Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
 
   while (true)
   {
-      while (curMove == lastMove)
-          go_next_phase();
+      while (curMove != lastMove)
+      {
+          switch (phase) {
 
-      switch (phase) {
-
-      case PH_TT_MOVES:
-          move = (curMove++)->move;
-          if (   move != MOVE_NONE
-              && pos.move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-          break;
-
-      case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-          move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
-          if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-              && move != ttMoves[1].move
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-          {
-              // Check for a non negative SEE now
-              int seeValue = pos.see_sign(move);
-              if (seeValue >= badCaptureThreshold)
+          case PH_TT_MOVES:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned))
                   return move;
+              break;
 
-              // Losing capture, move it to the tail of the array, note
-              // that move has now been already checked for legality.
-              (--badCaptures)->move = move;
-              badCaptures->score = seeValue;
+          case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+              {
+                  // Check for a non negative SEE now
+                  int seeValue = pos.see_sign(move);
+                  if (seeValue >= 0)
+                      return move;
+
+                  // Losing capture, move it to the badCaptures[] array, note
+                  // that move has now been already checked for legality.
+                  assert(int(lastBadCapture - badCaptures) < 63);
+                  lastBadCapture->move = move;
+                  lastBadCapture->score = seeValue;
+                  lastBadCapture++;
+              }
+              break;
+
+          case PH_KILLERS:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned)
+                  && !pos.move_is_capture(move))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_NONCAPTURES:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && move != killers[0].move
+                  && move != killers[1].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
+              return move;
+
+          case PH_EVASIONS:
+          case PH_QCAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_QCHECKS:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_STOP:
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+
+          default:
+              assert(false);
+              break;
           }
-          break;
-
-      case PH_KILLERS:
-          move = (curMove++)->move;
-          if (   move != MOVE_NONE
-              && pos.move_is_legal(move, pinned)
-              && move != ttMoves[0].move
-              && move != ttMoves[1].move
-              && !pos.move_is_capture(move))
-              return move;
-          break;
-
-      case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-          // Sort negative scored moves only when we get there
-          if (curMove == lastGoodNonCapture)
-              insertion_sort<MoveStack>(lastGoodNonCapture, lastMove);
-
-          move = (curMove++)->move;
-          if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-              && move != ttMoves[1].move
-              && move != killers[0].move
-              && move != killers[1].move
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-          break;
-
-      case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-          move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
-          return move;
-
-      case PH_EVASIONS:
-      case PH_QCAPTURES:
-          move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
-          if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-          break;
-
-      case PH_QCHECKS:
-          move = (curMove++)->move;
-          if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-          break;
-
-      case PH_STOP:
-          return MOVE_NONE;
-
-      default:
-          assert(false);
-          break;
       }
+      go_next_phase();
   }
 }
+
+/// A variant of get_next_move() which takes a lock as a parameter, used to
+/// prevent multiple threads from picking the same move at a split point.
+
+Move MovePicker::get_next_move(Lock &lock) {
+
+   lock_grab(&lock);
+   if (finished)
+   {
+       lock_release(&lock);
+       return MOVE_NONE;
+   }
+   Move m = get_next_move();
+   if (m == MOVE_NONE)
+       finished = true;
+
+   lock_release(&lock);
+   return m;
+}

src/movepick.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,32 +17,43 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED
 #define MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED
 
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "depth.h"
 #include "history.h"
-#include "move.h"
+#include "lock.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "types.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 struct SearchStack;
 
 /// MovePicker is a class which is used to pick one legal move at a time from
 /// the current position. It is initialized with a Position object and a few
 /// moves we have reason to believe are good. The most important method is
-/// MovePicker::get_next_move(), which returns a new legal move each time it
+/// MovePicker::pick_next_move(), which returns a new legal move each time it
 /// is called, until there are no legal moves left, when MOVE_NONE is returned.
 /// In order to improve the efficiency of the alpha beta algorithm, MovePicker
-/// attempts to return the moves which are most likely to get a cut-off first.
+/// attempts to return the moves which are most likely to be strongest first.
 
 class MovePicker {
 
-  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // Silence a warning under MSVC
+  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // silence a warning under MSVC
 
 public:
-  MovePicker(const Position&, Move, Depth, const History&, SearchStack*, Value);
-  MovePicker(const Position&, Move, Depth, const History&);
+  MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h, SearchStack* ss = NULL);
   Move get_next_move();
+  Move get_next_move(Lock& lock);
+  int number_of_evasions() const;
 
 private:
   void score_captures();
@@ -52,12 +63,28 @@ private:
 
   const Position& pos;
   const History& H;
-  Bitboard pinned;
   MoveStack ttMoves[2], killers[2];
-  int badCaptureThreshold, phase;
+  bool finished;
+  int phase;
   const uint8_t* phasePtr;
-  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastGoodNonCapture, *badCaptures;
-  MoveStack moves[MAX_MOVES];
+  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastBadCapture;
+  Bitboard pinned;
+  MoveStack moves[256], badCaptures[64];
 };
 
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+/// MovePicker::number_of_evasions() simply returns the number of moves in
+/// evasions phase. It is intended to be used in positions where the side to
+/// move is in check, for detecting checkmates or situations where there is
+/// only a single reply to check.
+/// WARNING: It works as long as PH_EVASIONS is the _only_ phase for evasions.
+
+inline int MovePicker::number_of_evasions() const {
+  return int(lastMove - moves);
+}
+
 #endif // !defined(MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED)

src/pawns.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,37 +17,46 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#include <cassert>
 
-#include "bitboard.h"
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+
 #include "bitcount.h"
 #include "pawns.h"
 #include "position.h"
 
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
 namespace {
 
+  /// Constants and variables
+
   #define S(mg, eg) make_score(mg, eg)
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-  const Score DoubledPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
-  { S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
-    S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43) },
-  { S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
-    S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43) }};
+  // Doubled pawn penalty by file
+  const Score DoubledPawnPenalty[8] = {
+    S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
+    S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43)
+  };
 
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-  const Score IsolatedPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
-  { S(37, 45), S(54, 52), S(60, 52), S(60, 52),
-    S(60, 52), S(60, 52), S(54, 52), S(37, 45) },
-  { S(25, 30), S(36, 35), S(40, 35), S(40, 35),
-    S(40, 35), S(40, 35), S(36, 35), S(25, 30) }};
+  // Isolated pawn penalty by file
+  const Score IsolatedPawnPenalty[8] = {
+    S(25, 30), S(36, 35), S(40, 35), S(40, 35),
+    S(40, 35), S(40, 35), S(36, 35), S(25, 30)
+  };
 
-  // Backward pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-  const Score BackwardPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
-  { S(30, 42), S(43, 46), S(49, 46), S(49, 46),
-    S(49, 46), S(49, 46), S(43, 46), S(30, 42) },
-  { S(20, 28), S(29, 31), S(33, 31), S(33, 31),
-    S(33, 31), S(33, 31), S(29, 31), S(20, 28) }};
+  // Backward pawn penalty by file
+  const Score BackwardPawnPenalty[8] = {
+    S(20, 28), S(29, 31), S(33, 31), S(33, 31),
+    S(33, 31), S(33, 31), S(29, 31), S(20, 28)
+  };
 
   // Pawn chain membership bonus by file
   const Score ChainBonus[8] = {
@@ -61,28 +70,87 @@ namespace {
     S(34,68), S(83,166), S(0, 0), S( 0, 0)
   };
 
-  const Score PawnStructureWeight = S(233, 201);
+  // Pawn storm tables for positions with opposite castling
+  const int QStormTable[64] = {
+    0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  -22,-22,-22,-14,-6, 0, 0, 0,
+   -6,-10,-10,-10,-6, 0, 0, 0,
+    4, 12, 16, 12, 4, 0, 0, 0,
+   16, 23, 23, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+  };
 
-  #undef S
+  const int KStormTable[64] = {
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+    0, 0, 0,-10,-19,-28,-33,-33,
+    0, 0, 0,-10,-15,-19,-24,-24,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 10, 19, 19,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 19, 31, 27,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0, 22, 31, 22,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0
+  };
 
-  inline Score apply_weight(Score v, Score w) {
-    return make_score((int(mg_value(v)) * mg_value(w)) / 0x100,
-                      (int(eg_value(v)) * eg_value(w)) / 0x100);
+  // Pawn storm open file bonuses by file
+  const int16_t KStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 31, 31, 18, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+  const int16_t QStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 42, 26 };
+
+  // Pawn storm lever bonuses by file
+  const int StormLeverBonus[8] = { -8, -8, -13, 0, 0, -13, -8, -8 };
+
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+/// Constructor
+
+PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries) {
+
+  size = numOfEntries;
+  entries = new PawnInfo[size];
+  if (!entries)
+  {
+      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(PawnInfo))
+                << " bytes for pawn hash table." << std::endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
 }
 
 
-/// PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info() takes a position object as input, computes
-/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it. The result is also stored
-/// in an hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when the same
-/// pawn structure occurs again.
+/// Destructor
 
-PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const {
+PawnInfoTable::~PawnInfoTable() {
+  delete [] entries;
+}
+
+
+/// PawnInfo::clear() resets to zero the PawnInfo entry. Note that
+/// kingSquares[] is initialized to SQ_NONE instead.
+
+void PawnInfo::clear() {
+
+  memset(this, 0, sizeof(PawnInfo));
+  kingSquares[WHITE] = kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
+}
+
+
+/// PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info() takes a position object as input, computes
+/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.  The result is also
+/// stored in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when
+/// the same pawn structure occurs again.
+
+PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
   Key key = pos.get_pawn_key();
-  PawnInfo* pi = probe(key);
+  int index = int(key & (size - 1));
+  PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
 
   // If pi->key matches the position's pawn hash key, it means that we
   // have analysed this pawn structure before, and we can simply return
@@ -90,24 +158,19 @@ PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const {
   if (pi->key == key)
       return pi;
 
-  // Initialize PawnInfo entry
+  // Clear the PawnInfo object, and set the key
+  pi->clear();
   pi->key = key;
-  pi->passedPawns[WHITE] = pi->passedPawns[BLACK] = 0;
-  pi->kingSquares[WHITE] = pi->kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
-  pi->halfOpenFiles[WHITE] = pi->halfOpenFiles[BLACK] = 0xFF;
 
   // Calculate pawn attacks
-  Bitboard wPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE);
-  Bitboard bPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK);
-  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((wPawns << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((wPawns << 7) & ~FileHBB);
-  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((bPawns >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((bPawns >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
-
-  // Evaluate pawns for both colors and weight the result
-  pi->value =  evaluate_pawns<WHITE>(pos, wPawns, bPawns, pi)
-             - evaluate_pawns<BLACK>(pos, bPawns, wPawns, pi);
-
-  pi->value = apply_weight(pi->value, PawnStructureWeight);
+  Bitboard whitePawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE);
+  Bitboard blackPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((whitePawns << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((whitePawns << 7) & ~FileHBB);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((blackPawns >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((blackPawns >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
 
+  // Evaluate pawns for both colors
+  pi->value =  evaluate_pawns<WHITE>(pos, whitePawns, blackPawns, pi)
+             - evaluate_pawns<BLACK>(pos, blackPawns, whitePawns, pi);
   return pi;
 }
 
@@ -117,127 +180,189 @@ PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const {
 template<Color Us>
 Score PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns,
                                     Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) {
-
-  const BitCountType Max15 = CpuIs64Bit ? CNT64_MAX15 : CNT32_MAX15;
-  const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
-
-  Bitboard b;
   Square s;
   File f;
   Rank r;
-  bool passed, isolated, doubled, opposed, chain, backward, candidate;
-  Score value = SCORE_ZERO;
+  bool passed, isolated, doubled, chain, backward, candidate;
+  int bonus;
+  Score value = make_score(0, 0);
   const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(Us, PAWN);
 
+  // Initialize pawn storm scores by giving bonuses for open files
+  for (f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+      if (!(ourPawns & file_bb(f)))
+      {
+          pi->ksStormValue[Us] += KStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+          pi->qsStormValue[Us] += QStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+          pi->halfOpenFiles[Us] |= (1 << f);
+      }
+
   // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
   while ((s = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
   {
-      assert(pos.piece_on(s) == make_piece(Us, PAWN));
-
       f = square_file(s);
       r = square_rank(s);
 
-      // This file cannot be half open
-      pi->halfOpenFiles[Us] &= ~(1 << f);
+      assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(Us, PAWN));
 
-      // Our rank plus previous one. Used for chain detection
-      b = rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(Us == WHITE ? r - Rank(1) : r + Rank(1));
+      // Passed, isolated or doubled pawn?
+      passed   = Position::pawn_is_passed(theirPawns, Us, s);
+      isolated = Position::pawn_is_isolated(ourPawns, s);
+      doubled  = Position::pawn_is_doubled(ourPawns, Us, s);
 
-      // Flag the pawn as passed, isolated, doubled or member of a pawn
-      // chain (but not the backward one).
-      passed   = !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(Us, s));
-      doubled  =   ourPawns   & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
-      opposed  =   theirPawns & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
-      isolated = !(ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f));
-      chain    =   ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f) & b;
+      // We calculate kingside and queenside pawn storm
+      // scores for both colors. These are used when evaluating
+      // middle game positions with opposite side castling.
+      //
+      // Each pawn is given a base score given by a piece square table
+      // (KStormTable[] or QStormTable[]). Pawns which seem to have good
+      // chances of creating an open file by exchanging itself against an
+      // enemy pawn on an adjacent file gets an additional bonus.
+
+      // Kingside pawn storms
+      bonus = KStormTable[relative_square(Us, s)];
+      if (f >= FILE_F)
+      {
+          Bitboard b = outpost_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns & (FileFBB | FileGBB | FileHBB);
+          while (b)
+          {
+              Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+              if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
+              {
+                  // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
+                  // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
+                  // weakness on the rook file.
+                  if (square_file(s2) == FILE_H)
+                      bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
+                  else
+                      bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
+              } else
+                  // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
+                  // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
+                  // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
+                  bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 2*square_distance(s, s2);
+          }
+      }
+      pi->ksStormValue[Us] += bonus;
+
+      // Queenside pawn storms
+      bonus = QStormTable[relative_square(Us, s)];
+      if (f <= FILE_C)
+      {
+          Bitboard b = outpost_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns & (FileABB | FileBBB | FileCBB);
+          while (b)
+          {
+              Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+              if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
+              {
+                  // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
+                  // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
+                  // weakness on the rook file.
+                  if (square_file(s2) == FILE_A)
+                      bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 16*square_distance(s, s2);
+                  else
+                      bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
+              } else
+                  // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
+                  // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
+                  // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
+                  bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
+          }
+      }
+      pi->qsStormValue[Us] += bonus;
+
+      // Member of a pawn chain (but not the backward one)? We could speed up
+      // the test a little by introducing an array of masks indexed by color
+      // and square for doing the test, but because everything is hashed,
+      // it probably won't make any noticable difference.
+      chain =  ourPawns
+             & neighboring_files_bb(f)
+             & (rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r - (Us == WHITE ? 1 : -1)));
 
       // Test for backward pawn
-      backward = false;
-
-      // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain it cannot
-      // be backward. If there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files
-      // or if can capture an enemy pawn it cannot be backward either.
-      if (   !(passed | isolated | chain)
-          && !(ourPawns & attack_span_mask(Them, s))
-          && !(pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us) & theirPawns))
+      //
+      // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
+      // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
+      // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
+      // be backward either.
+      if (   (passed | isolated | chain)
+          || (ourPawns & behind_bb(Us, r) & neighboring_files_bb(f))
+          || (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us) & theirPawns))
+          backward = false;
+      else
       {
           // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
           // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
           // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
           // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
-          b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us);
+          Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us);
 
           // Note that we are sure to find something because pawn is not passed
           // nor isolated, so loop is potentially infinite, but it isn't.
           while (!(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)))
               Us == WHITE ? b <<= 8 : b >>= 8;
 
-          // The friendly pawn needs to be at least two ranks closer than the
-          // enemy pawn in order to help the potentially backward pawn advance.
+          // The friendly pawn needs to be at least two ranks closer than the enemy
+          // pawn in order to help the potentially backward pawn advance.
           backward = (b | (Us == WHITE ? b << 8 : b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
       }
 
-      assert(opposed | passed | (attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns));
+      // Test for candidate passed pawn
+      candidate =   !passed
+                 && !(theirPawns & file_bb(f))
+                 && (  count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & (behind_bb(Us, r) | rank_bb(r)) & ourPawns)
+                     - count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & in_front_bb(Us, r)              & theirPawns)
+                     >= 0);
 
-      // A not passed pawn is a candidate to become passed if it is free to
-      // advance and if the number of friendly pawns beside or behind this
-      // pawn on neighboring files is higher or equal than the number of
-      // enemy pawns in the forward direction on the neighboring files.
-      candidate =   !(opposed | passed | backward | isolated)
-                 && (b = attack_span_mask(Them, s + pawn_push(Us)) & ourPawns) != EmptyBoardBB
-                 &&  count_1s<Max15>(b) >= count_1s<Max15>(attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns);
-
-      // Passed pawns will be properly scored in evaluation because we need
-      // full attack info to evaluate passed pawns. Only the frontmost passed
-      // pawn on each file is considered a true passed pawn.
-      if (passed && !doubled)
-          set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns[Us]), s);
+      // In order to prevent doubled passed pawns from receiving a too big
+      // bonus, only the frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered as
+      // a true passed pawn.
+      if (passed && (ourPawns & squares_in_front_of(Us, s)))
+          passed = false;
 
       // Score this pawn
-      if (isolated)
-          value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
+      if (passed)
+          set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns), s);
 
+      if (isolated)
+      {
+          value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[f];
+          if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
+              value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[f] / 2;
+      }
       if (doubled)
-          value -= DoubledPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
+          value -= DoubledPawnPenalty[f];
 
       if (backward)
-          value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
-
+      {
+          value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[f];
+          if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
+              value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[f] / 2;
+      }
       if (chain)
           value += ChainBonus[f];
 
       if (candidate)
           value += CandidateBonus[relative_rank(Us, s)];
   }
+
   return value;
 }
 
 
-/// PawnInfo::updateShelter() calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
-/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total king_shelter() calls.
-template<Color Us>
-Score PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
+/// PawnInfo::updateShelter calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
+/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total get_king_shelter() calls.
+int PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
 
-  const int Shift = (Us == WHITE ? 8 : -8);
-
-  Bitboard pawns;
-  int r, shelter = 0;
-
-  if (relative_rank(Us, ksq) <= RANK_4)
+  unsigned shelter = 0;
+  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, c) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
+  unsigned r = ksq & (7 << 3);
+  for (int i = 1, k = (c ? -8 : 8); i < 4; i++)
   {
-      pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, Us) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
-      r = ksq & (7 << 3);
-      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
-      {
-          r += Shift;
-          shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (64 >> i);
-      }
+      r += k;
+      shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (128 >> i);
   }
-  kingSquares[Us] = ksq;
-  kingShelters[Us] = make_score(shelter, 0);
-  return kingShelters[Us];
+  kingSquares[c] = ksq;
+  kingShelters[c] = shelter;
+  return shelter;
 }
-
-// Explicit template instantiation
-template Score PawnInfo::updateShelter<WHITE>(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
-template Score PawnInfo::updateShelter<BLACK>(const Position& pos, Square ksq);

src/pawns.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,14 +17,20 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)
 #define PAWNS_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include "position.h"
-#include "tt.h"
-#include "types.h"
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 
-const int PawnTableSize = 16384;
+#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "value.h"
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 /// PawnInfo is a class which contains various information about a pawn
 /// structure. Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
@@ -32,63 +38,86 @@ const int PawnTableSize = 16384;
 /// to add further information in the future. A lookup to the pawn hash table
 /// (performed by calling the get_pawn_info method in a PawnInfoTable object)
 /// returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
+class Position;
 
 class PawnInfo {
 
   friend class PawnInfoTable;
 
 public:
+  PawnInfo() { clear(); }
+
   Score pawns_value() const;
+  Value kingside_storm_value(Color c) const;
+  Value queenside_storm_value(Color c) const;
   Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard passed_pawns(Color c) const;
+  Bitboard passed_pawns() const;
   int file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
   int has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const;
   int has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const;
-
-  template<Color Us>
-  Score king_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+  int get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
 
 private:
-  template<Color Us>
-  Score updateShelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+  void clear();
+  int updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
 
   Key key;
-  Bitboard passedPawns[2];
+  Bitboard passedPawns;
   Bitboard pawnAttacks[2];
-  Square kingSquares[2];
   Score value;
-  int halfOpenFiles[2];
-  Score kingShelters[2];
+  int16_t ksStormValue[2], qsStormValue[2];
+  uint8_t halfOpenFiles[2];
+  Square kingSquares[2];
+  uint8_t kingShelters[2];
 };
 
+/// The PawnInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table.  It is basically
+/// just an array of PawnInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
+/// objects.  The most important method is get_pawn_info, which looks up a
+/// position in the table and returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
 
-/// The PawnInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. The most important
-/// method is get_pawn_info, which returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
+class PawnInfoTable {
 
-class PawnInfoTable : public SimpleHash<PawnInfo, PawnTableSize> {
 public:
-  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const;
+  PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
+  ~PawnInfoTable();
+  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
   template<Color Us>
-  static Score evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns, Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi);
+  Score evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns, Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi);
+
+  unsigned size;
+  PawnInfo* entries;
 };
 
 
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
 inline Score PawnInfo::pawns_value() const {
   return value;
 }
 
+inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns() const {
+  return passedPawns;
+}
+
 inline Bitboard PawnInfo::pawn_attacks(Color c) const {
   return pawnAttacks[c];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns(Color c) const {
-  return passedPawns[c];
+inline Value PawnInfo::kingside_storm_value(Color c) const {
+  return Value(ksStormValue[c]);
+}
+
+inline Value PawnInfo::queenside_storm_value(Color c) const {
+  return Value(qsStormValue[c]);
 }
 
 inline int PawnInfo::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
-  return halfOpenFiles[c] & (1 << int(f));
+  return (halfOpenFiles[c] & (1 << int(f)));
 }
 
 inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const {
@@ -99,9 +128,8 @@ inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const {
   return halfOpenFiles[c] & ~((1 << int(f+1)) - 1);
 }
 
-template<Color Us>
-inline Score PawnInfo::king_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
-  return kingSquares[Us] == ksq ? kingShelters[Us] : updateShelter<Us>(pos, ksq);
+inline int PawnInfo::get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
+  return (kingSquares[c] == ksq ? kingShelters[c] : updateShelter(pos, c, ksq));
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)

src/piece.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "piece.h"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+/// Translating piece types to/from English piece letters
+
+static const string PieceChars(" pnbrqk PNBRQK");
+
+char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase) {
+
+  return PieceChars[pt + upcase * 7];
+}
+
+PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c) {
+
+  size_t idx = PieceChars.find(c);
+
+  return idx != string::npos ? PieceType(idx % 7) : NO_PIECE_TYPE;
+}

src/piece.h

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define PIECE_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "color.h"
+#include "square.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum PieceType {
+  NO_PIECE_TYPE = 0,
+  PAWN = 1, KNIGHT = 2, BISHOP = 3, ROOK = 4, QUEEN = 5, KING = 6
+};
+
+enum Piece {
+  NO_PIECE = 0, WP = 1, WN = 2, WB = 3, WR = 4, WQ = 5, WK = 6,
+  BP = 9, BN = 10, BB = 11, BR = 12, BQ = 13, BK = 14,
+  EMPTY = 16, OUTSIDE = 17
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Constants
+////
+
+const int SlidingArray[18] = {
+  0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline Piece operator+ (Piece p, int i) { return Piece(int(p) + i); }
+inline void operator++ (Piece &p, int) { p = Piece(int(p) + 1); }
+inline Piece operator- (Piece p, int i) { return Piece(int(p) - i); }
+inline void operator-- (Piece &p, int) { p = Piece(int(p) - 1); }
+inline PieceType operator+ (PieceType p, int i) {return PieceType(int(p) + i);}
+inline void operator++ (PieceType &p, int) { p = PieceType(int(p) + 1); }
+inline PieceType operator- (PieceType p, int i) {return PieceType(int(p) - i);}
+inline void operator-- (PieceType &p, int) { p = PieceType(int(p) - 1); }
+
+inline PieceType type_of_piece(Piece p)  {
+  return PieceType(int(p) & 7);
+}
+
+inline Color color_of_piece(Piece p) {
+  return Color(int(p) >> 3);
+}
+
+inline Piece piece_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) {
+  return Piece((int(c) << 3) | int(pt));
+}
+
+inline int piece_is_slider(Piece p) {
+  return SlidingArray[int(p)];
+}
+
+inline SquareDelta pawn_push(Color c) {
+    return (c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
+}
+
+inline bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pc) {
+  return pc >= PAWN && pc <= KING;
+}
+
+inline bool piece_is_ok(Piece pc) {
+  return piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(pc)) && color_is_ok(color_of_piece(pc));
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase = false);
+extern PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c);
+
+
+#endif // !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)

src/position.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,41 +17,73 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)
 #define POSITION_H_INCLUDED
 
+// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+// Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
+#pragma warning(disable: 4800)
+
+// Conditional expression is constant
+#pragma warning(disable: 4127)
+
+
+#endif
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include "bitboard.h"
+#include "color.h"
+#include "direction.h"
 #include "move.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "piece.h"
+#include "square.h"
+#include "value.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Constants
+////
+
+/// FEN string for the initial position
+const std::string StartPosition = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
 
 /// Maximum number of plies per game (220 should be enough, because the
 /// maximum search depth is 100, and during position setup we reset the
 /// move counter for every non-reversible move).
 const int MaxGameLength = 220;
 
-class Position;
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 /// struct checkInfo is initialized at c'tor time and keeps
 /// info used to detect if a move gives check.
 
 struct CheckInfo {
 
-    explicit CheckInfo(const Position&);
+    CheckInfo(const Position&);
 
+    Square ksq;
     Bitboard dcCandidates;
     Bitboard checkSq[8];
-    Square ksq;
 };
 
 /// Castle rights, encoded as bit fields
 
 enum CastleRights {
-  CASTLES_NONE = 0,
-  WHITE_OO     = 1,
-  BLACK_OO     = 2,
-  WHITE_OOO    = 4,
-  BLACK_OOO    = 8,
-  ALL_CASTLES  = 15
+  NO_CASTLES  = 0,
+  WHITE_OO    = 1,
+  BLACK_OO    = 2,
+  WHITE_OOO   = 4,
+  BLACK_OOO   = 8,
+  ALL_CASTLES = 15
 };
 
 /// Game phase
@@ -68,13 +100,13 @@ enum Phase {
 
 struct StateInfo {
   Key pawnKey, materialKey;
-  int castleRights, rule50, gamePly, pliesFromNull;
+  int castleRights, rule50, pliesFromNull;
   Square epSquare;
   Score value;
   Value npMaterial[2];
 
-  PieceType capturedType;
   Key key;
+  PieceType capture;
   Bitboard checkersBB;
   StateInfo* previous;
 };
@@ -104,8 +136,8 @@ struct StateInfo {
 
 class Position {
 
-  Position(); // No default or copy c'tor allowed
-  Position(const Position& pos);
+  friend class MaterialInfo;
+  friend class EndgameFunctions;
 
 public:
   enum GamePhase {
@@ -114,16 +146,18 @@ public:
   };
 
   // Constructors
-  Position(const Position& pos, int threadID);
-  Position(const std::string& fen, bool isChess960, int threadID);
+  Position() {}
+  Position(const Position& pos);
+  Position(const std::string& fen);
 
   // Text input/output
-  void from_fen(const std::string& fen, bool isChess960);
+  void from_fen(const std::string& fen);
   const std::string to_fen() const;
   void print(Move m = MOVE_NONE) const;
 
   // Copying
-  void flip();
+  void copy(const Position& pos);
+  void flipped_copy(const Position& pos);
 
   // The piece on a given square
   Piece piece_on(Square s) const;
@@ -168,7 +202,7 @@ public:
 
   // Checking pieces and under check information
   Bitboard checkers() const;
-  bool in_check() const;
+  bool is_check() const;
 
   // Piece lists
   Square piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const;
@@ -177,33 +211,30 @@ public:
   // Information about attacks to or from a given square
   Bitboard attackers_to(Square s) const;
   Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s) const;
-  static Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s, Bitboard occ);
   template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s) const;
   template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Properties of moves
   bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
   bool pl_move_is_evasion(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
-  bool move_is_legal(const Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_legal(const Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
-  bool move_gives_check(Move m) const;
-  bool move_gives_check(Move m, const CheckInfo& ci) const;
+  bool move_is_check(Move m) const;
+  bool move_is_check(Move m, const CheckInfo& ci) const;
   bool move_is_capture(Move m) const;
   bool move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const;
   bool move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
   bool move_attacks_square(Move m, Square s) const;
 
-  // Piece captured with previous moves
-  PieceType captured_piece_type() const;
-
   // Information about pawns
   bool pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const;
+  static bool pawn_is_passed(Bitboard theirPawns, Color c, Square s);
+  static bool pawn_is_isolated(Bitboard ourPawns, Square s);
+  static bool pawn_is_doubled(Bitboard ourPawns, Color c, Square s);
 
   // Weak squares
   bool square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Doing and undoing moves
-  void do_setup_move(Move m);
+  void saveState();
   void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st);
   void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, const CheckInfo& ci, bool moveIsCheck);
   void undo_move(Move m);
@@ -213,6 +244,7 @@ public:
   // Static exchange evaluation
   int see(Square from, Square to) const;
   int see(Move m) const;
+  int see(Square to) const;
   int see_sign(Move m) const;
 
   // Accessing hash keys
@@ -224,25 +256,24 @@ public:
   // Incremental evaluation
   Score value() const;
   Value non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
-  static Score pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to);
+  Score pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const;
 
   // Game termination checks
   bool is_mate() const;
   bool is_draw() const;
 
-  // Number of plies from starting position
-  int startpos_ply_counter() const;
+  // Check if one side threatens a mate in one
+  bool has_mate_threat(Color c);
+
+  // Number of plies since the last non-reversible move
+  int rule_50_counter() const;
 
   // Other properties of the position
   bool opposite_colored_bishops() const;
   bool has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const;
-  bool is_chess960() const;
 
-  // Current thread ID searching on the position
-  int thread() const;
-
-  int64_t nodes_searched() const;
-  void set_nodes_searched(int64_t n);
+  // Reset the gamePly variable to 0
+  void reset_game_ply();
 
   // Position consistency check, for debugging
   bool is_ok(int* failedStep = NULL) const;
@@ -255,14 +286,12 @@ private:
 
   // Initialization helper functions (used while setting up a position)
   void clear();
-  void detach();
   void put_piece(Piece p, Square s);
-  void do_allow_oo(Color c);
-  void do_allow_ooo(Color c);
-  bool set_castling_rights(char token);
+  void allow_oo(Color c);
+  void allow_ooo(Color c);
 
   // Helper functions for doing and undoing moves
-  void do_capture_move(Key& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
+  void do_capture_move(Bitboard& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
   void do_castle_move(Move m);
   void undo_castle_move(Move m);
   void find_checkers();
@@ -276,7 +305,7 @@ private:
   Key compute_material_key() const;
 
   // Computing incremental evaluation scores and material counts
-  static Score pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s);
+  Score pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
   Score compute_value() const;
   Value compute_non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
 
@@ -295,35 +324,27 @@ private:
 
   // Other info
   Color sideToMove;
+  int gamePly;
   Key history[MaxGameLength];
-  int castleRightsMask[64];
-  StateInfo startState;
   File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
-  bool chess960;
-  int startPosPlyCounter;
-  int threadID;
-  int64_t nodes;
+  StateInfo startState;
   StateInfo* st;
 
   // Static variables
+  static int castleRightsMask[64];
   static Key zobrist[2][8][64];
   static Key zobEp[64];
   static Key zobCastle[16];
+  static Key zobMaterial[2][8][16];
   static Key zobSideToMove;
   static Score PieceSquareTable[16][64];
   static Key zobExclusion;
-  static const Value seeValues[8];
-  static const Value PieceValueMidgame[17];
-  static const Value PieceValueEndgame[17];
 };
 
-inline int64_t Position::nodes_searched() const {
-  return nodes;
-}
 
-inline void Position::set_nodes_searched(int64_t n) {
-  nodes = n;
-}
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
 
 inline Piece Position::piece_on(Square s) const {
   return board[s];
@@ -338,7 +359,7 @@ inline PieceType Position::type_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
 }
 
 inline bool Position::square_is_empty(Square s) const {
-  return piece_on(s) == PIECE_NONE;
+  return piece_on(s) == EMPTY;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::square_is_occupied(Square s) const {
@@ -346,11 +367,11 @@ inline bool Position::square_is_occupied(Square s) const {
 }
 
 inline Value Position::midgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return PieceValueMidgame[piece_on(s)];
+  return piece_value_midgame(piece_on(s));
 }
 
 inline Value Position::endgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return PieceValueEndgame[piece_on(s)];
+  return piece_value_endgame(piece_on(s));
 }
 
 inline Color Position::side_to_move() const {
@@ -362,7 +383,7 @@ inline Bitboard Position::occupied_squares() const {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::empty_squares() const {
-  return ~occupied_squares();
+  return ~(occupied_squares());
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color(Color c) const {
@@ -389,8 +410,8 @@ inline int Position::piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
   return pieceCount[c][pt];
 }
 
-inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int idx) const {
-  return pieceList[c][pt][idx];
+inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const {
+  return pieceList[c][pt][index];
 }
 
 inline const Square* Position::piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
@@ -427,12 +448,12 @@ inline Square Position::initial_qr_square(Color c) const {
 
 template<>
 inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<PAWN>(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return StepAttacksBB[make_piece(c, PAWN)][s];
+  return StepAttackBB[piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)][s];
 }
 
 template<PieceType Piece> // Knight and King and white pawns
 inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttacksBB[Piece][s];
+  return StepAttackBB[Piece][s];
 }
 
 template<>
@@ -454,7 +475,7 @@ inline Bitboard Position::checkers() const {
   return st->checkersBB;
 }
 
-inline bool Position::in_check() const {
+inline bool Position::is_check() const {
   return st->checkersBB != EmptyBoardBB;
 }
 
@@ -462,8 +483,20 @@ inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const {
   return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
 }
 
+inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Bitboard theirPawns, Color c, Square s) {
+  return !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
+}
+
+inline bool Position::pawn_is_isolated(Bitboard ourPawns, Square s) {
+  return !(ourPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s));
+}
+
+inline bool Position::pawn_is_doubled(Bitboard ourPawns, Color c, Square s) {
+  return ourPawns & squares_behind(c, s);
+}
+
 inline bool Position::square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & attack_span_mask(c, s));
+  return !(pieces(PAWN, c) & outpost_mask(opposite_color(c), s));
 }
 
 inline Key Position::get_key() const {
@@ -482,11 +515,11 @@ inline Key Position::get_material_key() const {
   return st->materialKey;
 }
 
-inline Score Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) {
-  return PieceSquareTable[make_piece(c, pt)][s];
+inline Score Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
+  return PieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s];
 }
 
-inline Score Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) {
+inline Score Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const {
   return PieceSquareTable[piece][to] - PieceSquareTable[piece][from];
 }
 
@@ -501,26 +534,25 @@ inline Value Position::non_pawn_material(Color c) const {
 inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
 
   Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == make_piece(c, PAWN)
+  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)
         && pawn_is_passed(c, move_to(m));
 }
 
-inline int Position::startpos_ply_counter() const {
-  return startPosPlyCounter;
+inline int Position::rule_50_counter() const {
+
+  return st->rule50;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::opposite_colored_bishops() const {
 
-  return   piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1 && piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
-        && opposite_color_squares(piece_list(WHITE, BISHOP, 0), piece_list(BLACK, BISHOP, 0));
+  return   piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
+        && piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
+        && square_color(piece_list(WHITE, BISHOP, 0)) != square_color(piece_list(BLACK, BISHOP, 0));
 }
 
 inline bool Position::has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const {
-  return pieces(PAWN, c) & rank_bb(relative_rank(c, RANK_7));
-}
 
-inline bool Position::is_chess960() const {
-  return chess960;
+  return pieces(PAWN, c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
 }
 
 inline bool Position::move_is_capture(Move m) const {
@@ -535,20 +567,4 @@ inline bool Position::move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const {
   return (m & (0x1F << 12)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
 }
 
-inline PieceType Position::captured_piece_type() const {
-  return st->capturedType;
-}
-
-inline int Position::thread() const {
-  return threadID;
-}
-
-inline void Position::do_allow_oo(Color c) {
-  st->castleRights |= (1 + int(c));
-}
-
-inline void Position::do_allow_ooo(Color c) {
-  st->castleRights |= (4 + 4*int(c));
-}
-
 #endif // !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)

src/psqtab.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,30 +17,28 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED)
 #define PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include "types.h"
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "value.h"
 
-namespace {
 
 ////
 //// Constants modified by Joona Kiiski
 ////
 
-const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
-const Value MK = KnightValueMidgame;
-const Value MB = BishopValueMidgame;
-const Value MR = RookValueMidgame;
-const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
+static const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
+static const Value MK = KnightValueMidgame;
+static const Value MB = BishopValueMidgame;
+static const Value MR = RookValueMidgame;
+static const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
 
-const Value EP = PawnValueEndgame;
-const Value EK = KnightValueEndgame;
-const Value EB = BishopValueEndgame;
-const Value ER = RookValueEndgame;
-const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
-
-const int MgPST[][64] = {
+static const int MgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
    // A      B      C     D      E      F      G     H
@@ -110,7 +108,13 @@ const int MgPST[][64] = {
   }
 };
 
-const int EgPST[][64] = {
+static const Value EP = PawnValueEndgame;
+static const Value EK = KnightValueEndgame;
+static const Value EB = BishopValueEndgame;
+static const Value ER = RookValueEndgame;
+static const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
+
+static const int EgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
    // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
@@ -180,6 +184,5 @@ const int EgPST[][64] = {
   }
 };
 
-} // namespace
 
 #endif // !defined(PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED)

src/rkiss.h

@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-  This file is based on original code by Heinz van Saanen and is
-  available under the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
- ** George Marsaglia invented the RNG-Kiss-family in the early 90's.
- ** This is a specific version that Heinz van Saanen derived and
- ** tested from some public domain code by Bob Jenkins:
- **
- ** Quite platform independent
- ** Passes ALL dieharder tests! Here *nix sys-rand() e.g. fails miserably:-)
- ** ~12 times faster than my *nix sys-rand()
- ** ~4 times faster than SSE2-version of Mersenne twister
- ** Average cycle length: ~2^126
- ** 64 bit seed
- ** Return doubles with a full 53 bit mantissa
- ** Thread safe
-*/
-
-#if !defined(RKISS_H_INCLUDED)
-#define RKISS_H_INCLUDED
-
-#include "types.h"
-
-class RKISS {
-
-  // Keep variables always together
-  struct S { uint64_t a, b, c, d; } s;
-
-  uint64_t rotate(uint64_t x, uint64_t k) const {
-    return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
-  }
-
-  // Return 64 bit unsigned integer in between [0, 2^64 - 1]
-  uint64_t rand64() {
-
-    const uint64_t
-      e = s.a - rotate(s.b,  7);
-    s.a = s.b ^ rotate(s.c, 13);
-    s.b = s.c + rotate(s.d, 37);
-    s.c = s.d + e;
-    return s.d = e + s.a;
-  }
-
-  // Init seed and scramble a few rounds
-  void raninit() {
-
-    s.a = 0xf1ea5eed;
-    s.b = s.c = s.d = 0xd4e12c77;
-    for (int i = 0; i < 73; i++)
-        rand64();
-  }
-
-public:
-  RKISS() { raninit(); }
-  template<typename T> T rand() { return T(rand64()); }
-};
-
-#endif // !defined(RKISS_H_INCLUDED)

src/san.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include "history.h"
+#include "movepick.h"
+#include "san.h"
+
+using std::string;
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  enum Ambiguity {
+    AMBIGUITY_NONE,
+    AMBIGUITY_FILE,
+    AMBIGUITY_RANK,
+    AMBIGUITY_BOTH
+  };
+
+  const History H; // used as dummy argument for MovePicker c'tor
+
+  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m);
+  const string time_string(int milliseconds);
+  const string score_string(Value v);
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+/// move_to_san() takes a position and a move as input, where it is assumed
+/// that the move is a legal move from the position. The return value is
+/// a string containing the move in short algebraic notation.
+
+const string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
+
+  assert(pos.is_ok());
+  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+
+  Square from, to;
+  PieceType pt;
+
+  from = move_from(m);
+  to = move_to(m);
+  pt = type_of_piece(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)));
+
+  string san = "";
+
+  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
+      return "(none)";
+  else if (m == MOVE_NULL)
+      return "(null)";
+  else if (move_is_long_castle(m) || (int(to - from) == -2 && pt == KING))
+      san = "O-O-O";
+  else if (move_is_short_castle(m) || (int(to - from) == 2 && pt == KING))
+      san = "O-O";
+  else
+  {
+      if (pt != PAWN)
+      {
+          san += piece_type_to_char(pt, true);
+          switch (move_ambiguity(pos, m)) {
+          case AMBIGUITY_NONE:
+            break;
+          case AMBIGUITY_FILE:
+            san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
+            break;
+          case AMBIGUITY_RANK:
+            san += rank_to_char(square_rank(from));
+            break;
+          case AMBIGUITY_BOTH:
+            san += square_to_string(from);
+            break;
+          default:
+            assert(false);
+          }
+      }
+      if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
+      {
+          if (pt == PAWN)
+              san += file_to_char(square_file(move_from(m)));
+          san += "x";
+      }
+      san += square_to_string(move_to(m));
+      if (move_is_promotion(m))
+      {
+          san += '=';
+          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m), true);
+      }
+  }
+  // Is the move check?  We don't use pos.move_is_check(m) here, because
+  // Position::move_is_check doesn't detect all checks (not castling moves,
+  // promotions and en passant captures).
+  StateInfo st;
+  Position p(pos);
+  p.do_move(m, st);
+  if (p.is_check())
+      san += p.is_mate()? "#" : "+";
+
+  return san;
+}
+
+
+/// move_from_san() takes a position and a string as input, and tries to
+/// interpret the string as a move in short algebraic notation. On success,
+/// the move is returned.  On failure (i.e. if the string is unparsable, or
+/// if the move is illegal or ambiguous), MOVE_NONE is returned.
+
+Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
+
+  assert(pos.is_ok());
+
+  MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
+  Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
+
+  // Castling moves
+  if (movestr == "O-O-O" || movestr == "O-O-O+")
+  {
+      Move m;
+      while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+          if (move_is_long_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned))
+              return m;
+
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+  }
+  else if (movestr == "O-O" || movestr == "O-O+")
+  {
+      Move m;
+      while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+          if (move_is_short_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned))
+              return m;
+
+    return MOVE_NONE;
+  }
+
+  // Normal moves. We use a simple FSM to parse the san string.
+  enum { START, TO_FILE, TO_RANK, PROMOTION_OR_CHECK, PROMOTION, CHECK, END };
+  static const string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
+  PieceType pt = NO_PIECE_TYPE, promotion = NO_PIECE_TYPE;
+  File fromFile = FILE_NONE, toFile = FILE_NONE;
+  Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE, toRank = RANK_NONE;
+  Square to;
+  int state = START;
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < movestr.length(); i++)
+  {
+      char type, c = movestr[i];
+      if (pieceLetters.find(c) != string::npos)
+          type = 'P';
+      else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'h')
+          type = 'F';
+      else if (c >= '1' && c <= '8')
+          type = 'R';
+      else
+          type = c;
+
+      switch (type) {
+      case 'P':
+          if (state == START)
+          {
+              pt = piece_type_from_char(c);
+              state = TO_FILE;
+          }
+          else if (state == PROMOTION)
+          {
+              promotion = piece_type_from_char(c);
+              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1) ? CHECK : END;
+          }
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case 'F':
+          if (state == START)
+          {
+              pt = PAWN;
+              fromFile = toFile = file_from_char(c);
+              state = TO_RANK;
+          }
+          else if (state == TO_FILE)
+          {
+              toFile = file_from_char(c);
+              state = TO_RANK;
+          }
+          else if (state == TO_RANK && toFile != FILE_NONE)
+          {
+              // Previous file was for disambiguation
+              fromFile = toFile;
+              toFile = file_from_char(c);
+          }
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case 'R':
+          if (state == TO_RANK)
+          {
+              toRank = rank_from_char(c);
+              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1) ? PROMOTION_OR_CHECK : END;
+          }
+          else if (state == TO_FILE && fromRank == RANK_NONE)
+          {
+              // It's a disambiguation rank instead of a file
+              fromRank = rank_from_char(c);
+          }
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case 'x': case 'X':
+          if (state == TO_RANK)
+          {
+              // Previous file was for disambiguation, or it's a pawn capture
+              fromFile = toFile;
+              state = TO_FILE;
+          }
+          else if (state != TO_FILE)
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case '=':
+          if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK)
+              state = PROMOTION;
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case '+': case '#':
+          if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK || state == CHECK)
+              state = END;
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      default:
+          return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      }
+  }
+
+  if (state != END)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+
+  // Look for a matching move
+  Move m, move = MOVE_NONE;
+  to = make_square(toFile, toRank);
+  int matches = 0;
+
+  while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+      if (   pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) == pt
+          && move_to(m) == to
+          && move_promotion_piece(m) == promotion
+          && (fromFile == FILE_NONE || fromFile == square_file(move_from(m)))
+          && (fromRank == RANK_NONE || fromRank == square_rank(move_from(m))))
+      {
+          move = m;
+          matches++;
+      }
+  return (matches == 1 ? move : MOVE_NONE);
+}
+
+
+/// line_to_san() takes a position and a line (an array of moves representing
+/// a sequence of legal moves from the position) as input, and returns a
+/// string containing the line in short algebraic notation.  If the boolean
+/// parameter 'breakLines' is true, line breaks are inserted, with a line
+/// length of 80 characters.  After a line break, 'startColumn' spaces are
+/// inserted at the beginning of the new line.
+
+const string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines) {
+
+  StateInfo st;
+  std::stringstream s;
+  string moveStr;
+  size_t length = 0;
+  size_t maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
+  Position p(pos);
+
+  for (int i = 0; line[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
+  {
+      moveStr = move_to_san(p, line[i]);
+      length += moveStr.length() + 1;
+      if (breakLines && length > maxLength)
+      {
+          s << '\n' << std::setw(startColumn) << ' ';
+          length = moveStr.length() + 1;
+      }
+      s << moveStr << ' ';
+
+      if (line[i] == MOVE_NULL)
+          p.do_null_move(st);
+      else
+          p.do_move(line[i], st);
+  }
+  return s.str();
+}
+
+
+/// pretty_pv() creates a human-readable string from a position and a PV.
+/// It is used to write search information to the log file (which is created
+/// when the UCI parameter "Use Search Log" is "true").
+
+const string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth,
+                       uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]) {
+  std::stringstream s;
+
+  // Depth
+  s << std::setw(2) << depth << "  ";
+
+  // Score
+  s << ((type == VALUE_TYPE_LOWER)? ">" : ((type == VALUE_TYPE_UPPER)? "<" : " "));
+  s << std::setw(7) << score_string(score);
+
+  // Time
+  s << std::setw(8) << time_string(time) << " ";
+
+  // Nodes
+  if (nodes < 1000000ULL)
+    s << std::setw(8) << nodes << " ";
+  else if (nodes < 1000000000ULL)
+    s << std::setw(7) << nodes/1000ULL << 'k' << " ";
+  else
+    s << std::setw(7) << nodes/1000000ULL << 'M' << " ";
+
+  // PV
+  s << line_to_san(pos, pv, 30, true);
+
+  return s.str();
+}
+
+
+namespace {
+
+  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m) {
+
+    Square from = move_from(m);
+    Square to = move_to(m);
+    Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
+
+    // King moves are never ambiguous, because there is never two kings of
+    // the same color.
+    if (type_of_piece(pc) == KING)
+        return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
+
+    MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
+    Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
+    Move mv, moveList[8];
+
+    int n = 0;
+    while ((mv = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+        if (move_to(mv) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(mv)) == pc && pos.pl_move_is_legal(mv, pinned))
+            moveList[n++] = mv;
+
+    if (n == 1)
+        return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
+
+    int f = 0, r = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    {
+        if (square_file(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_file(from))
+            f++;
+
+        if (square_rank(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_rank(from))
+            r++;
+    }
+    if (f == 1)
+        return AMBIGUITY_FILE;
+
+    if (r == 1)
+        return AMBIGUITY_RANK;
+
+    return AMBIGUITY_BOTH;
+  }
+
+
+  const string time_string(int milliseconds) {
+
+    std::stringstream s;
+    s << std::setfill('0');
+
+    int hours = milliseconds / (1000*60*60);
+    int minutes = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60) / (1000*60);
+    int seconds = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60 - minutes*1000*60) / 1000;
+
+    if (hours)
+        s << hours << ':';
+
+    s << std::setw(2) << minutes << ':' << std::setw(2) << seconds;
+    return s.str();
+  }
+
+
+  const string score_string(Value v) {
+
+    std::stringstream s;
+
+    if (v >= VALUE_MATE - 200)
+        s << "#" << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
+    else if(v <= -VALUE_MATE + 200)
+        s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
+    else
+    {
+        float floatScore = float(v) / float(PawnValueMidgame);
+        if (v >= 0)
+            s << '+';
+
+        s << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << floatScore;
+    }
+    return s.str();
+  }
+}

src/san.h

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)
+#define SAN_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "move.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "value.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m);
+extern Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& str);
+extern const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines);
+extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]);
+
+#endif // !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)

src/scale.h

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(SCALE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define SCALE_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "value.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum ScaleFactor {
+  SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO = 0,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX = 128,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_NONE = 255
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline Value apply_scale_factor(Value v, ScaleFactor f) {
+  return Value((v * f) / int(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL));
+}
+
+
+#endif // !defined(SCALE_H_INCLUDED)

src/search.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,16 +17,30 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(SEARCH_H_INCLUDED)
 #define SEARCH_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <cstring>
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 
+#include "depth.h"
 #include "move.h"
-#include "types.h"
 
-class Position;
-struct SplitPoint;
+
+////
+//// Constants
+////
+
+const int PLY_MAX = 100;
+const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = 102;
+const int KILLER_MAX = 2;
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 /// The SearchStack struct keeps track of the information we need to remember
 /// from nodes shallower and deeper in the tree during the search.  Each
@@ -34,40 +48,29 @@ struct SplitPoint;
 /// current ply.
 
 struct SearchStack {
-  int ply;
+  Move pv[PLY_MAX_PLUS_2];
   Move currentMove;
   Move mateKiller;
-  Move excludedMove;
-  Move bestMove;
-  Move killers[2];
+  Move threatMove;
+  Move killers[KILLER_MAX];
   Depth reduction;
-  Value eval;
-  Value evalMargin;
-  bool skipNullMove;
-  SplitPoint* sp;
+
+  void init(int ply);
+  void initKillers();
 };
 
 
-/// The SearchLimits struct stores information sent by GUI about available time
-/// to search the current move, maximum depth/time, if we are in analysis mode
-/// or if we have to ponder while is our opponent's side to move.
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
 
-struct SearchLimits {
+extern void init_threads();
+extern void stop_threads();
+extern bool think(const Position &pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int side_to_move,
+                  int time[], int increment[], int movesToGo, int maxDepth,
+                  int maxNodes, int maxTime, Move searchMoves[]);
+extern int perft(Position &pos, Depth depth);
+extern int64_t nodes_searched();
 
-  SearchLimits() { memset(this, 0, sizeof(SearchLimits)); }
-
-  SearchLimits(int t, int i, int mtg, int mt, int md, int mn, bool inf, bool pon)
-              : time(t), increment(i), movesToGo(mtg), maxTime(mt), maxDepth(md),
-                maxNodes(mn), infinite(inf), ponder(pon) {}
-
-  bool useTimeManagement() const { return !(maxTime | maxDepth | maxNodes | int(infinite)); }
-
-  int time, increment, movesToGo, maxTime, maxDepth, maxNodes;
-  bool infinite, ponder;
-};
-
-extern void init_search();
-extern int64_t perft(Position& pos, Depth depth);
-extern bool think(Position& pos, const SearchLimits& limits, Move searchMoves[]);
 
 #endif // !defined(SEARCH_H_INCLUDED)

src/square.h

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(SQUARE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define SQUARE_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <cstdlib> // for abs()
+#include <string>
+
+#include "color.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum Square {
+  SQ_A1, SQ_B1, SQ_C1, SQ_D1, SQ_E1, SQ_F1, SQ_G1, SQ_H1,
+  SQ_A2, SQ_B2, SQ_C2, SQ_D2, SQ_E2, SQ_F2, SQ_G2, SQ_H2,
+  SQ_A3, SQ_B3, SQ_C3, SQ_D3, SQ_E3, SQ_F3, SQ_G3, SQ_H3,
+  SQ_A4, SQ_B4, SQ_C4, SQ_D4, SQ_E4, SQ_F4, SQ_G4, SQ_H4,
+  SQ_A5, SQ_B5, SQ_C5, SQ_D5, SQ_E5, SQ_F5, SQ_G5, SQ_H5,
+  SQ_A6, SQ_B6, SQ_C6, SQ_D6, SQ_E6, SQ_F6, SQ_G6, SQ_H6,
+  SQ_A7, SQ_B7, SQ_C7, SQ_D7, SQ_E7, SQ_F7, SQ_G7, SQ_H7,
+  SQ_A8, SQ_B8, SQ_C8, SQ_D8, SQ_E8, SQ_F8, SQ_G8, SQ_H8,
+  SQ_NONE
+};
+
+enum File {
+  FILE_A, FILE_B, FILE_C, FILE_D, FILE_E, FILE_F, FILE_G, FILE_H, FILE_NONE
+};
+
+enum Rank {
+  RANK_1, RANK_2, RANK_3, RANK_4, RANK_5, RANK_6, RANK_7, RANK_8, RANK_NONE
+};
+
+enum SquareDelta {
+  DELTA_SSW = -021, DELTA_SS = -020, DELTA_SSE = -017, DELTA_SWW = -012,
+  DELTA_SW = -011, DELTA_S = -010, DELTA_SE = -07, DELTA_SEE = -06,
+  DELTA_W = -01, DELTA_ZERO = 0, DELTA_E = 01, DELTA_NWW = 06, DELTA_NW = 07,
+  DELTA_N = 010, DELTA_NE = 011, DELTA_NEE = 012, DELTA_NNW = 017,
+  DELTA_NN = 020, DELTA_NNE = 021
+};
+
+
+////
+//// Constants
+////
+
+const int FlipMask = 070;
+const int FlopMask = 07;
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline File operator+ (File x, int i) { return File(int(x) + i); }
+inline File operator+ (File x, File y) { return x + int(y); }
+inline void operator++ (File &x, int) { x = File(int(x) + 1); }
+inline void operator+= (File &x, int i) { x = File(int(x) + i); }
+inline File operator- (File x, int i) { return File(int(x) - i); }
+inline void operator-- (File &x, int) { x = File(int(x) - 1); }
+inline void operator-= (File &x, int i) { x = File(int(x) - i); }
+
+inline Rank operator+ (Rank x, int i) { return Rank(int(x) + i); }
+inline Rank operator+ (Rank x, Rank y) { return x + int(y); }
+inline void operator++ (Rank &x, int) { x = Rank(int(x) + 1); }
+inline void operator+= (Rank &x, int i) { x = Rank(int(x) + i); }
+inline Rank operator- (Rank x, int i) { return Rank(int(x) - i); }
+inline void operator-- (Rank &x, int) { x = Rank(int(x) - 1); }
+inline void operator-= (Rank &x, int i) { x = Rank(int(x) - i); }
+
+inline Square operator+ (Square x, int i) { return Square(int(x) + i); }
+inline void operator++ (Square &x, int) { x = Square(int(x) + 1); }
+inline void operator+= (Square &x, int i) { x = Square(int(x) + i); }
+inline Square operator- (Square x, int i) { return Square(int(x) - i); }
+inline void operator-- (Square &x, int) { x = Square(int(x) - 1); }
+inline void operator-= (Square &x, int i) { x = Square(int(x) - i); }
+inline Square operator+ (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return Square(int(x) + i); }
+inline void operator+= (Square &x, SquareDelta i) { x = Square(int(x) + i); }
+inline Square operator- (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return Square(int(x) - i); }
+inline void operator-= (Square &x, SquareDelta i) { x = Square(int(x) - i); }
+inline SquareDelta operator- (Square x, Square y) {
+  return SquareDelta(int(x) - int(y));
+}
+
+inline Square make_square(File f, Rank r) {
+  return Square(int(f) | (int(r) << 3));
+}
+
+inline File square_file(Square s) {
+  return File(int(s) & 7);
+}
+
+inline Rank square_rank(Square s) {
+  return Rank(int(s) >> 3);
+}
+
+inline Square flip_square(Square s) {
+  return Square(int(s) ^ FlipMask);
+}
+
+inline Square flop_square(Square s) {
+  return Square(int(s) ^ FlopMask);
+}
+
+inline Square relative_square(Color c, Square s) {
+  return Square(int(s) ^ (int(c) * FlipMask));
+}
+
+inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Square s) {
+  return square_rank(relative_square(c, s));
+}
+
+inline Color square_color(Square s) {
+  return Color((int(square_file(s)) + int(square_rank(s))) & 1);
+}
+
+inline int file_distance(File f1, File f2) {
+  return abs(int(f1) - int(f2));
+}
+
+inline int file_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return file_distance(square_file(s1), square_file(s2));
+}
+
+inline int rank_distance(Rank r1, Rank r2) {
+  return abs(int(r1) - int(r2));
+}
+
+inline int rank_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return rank_distance(square_rank(s1), square_rank(s2));
+}
+
+inline int square_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return Max(file_distance(s1, s2), rank_distance(s1, s2));
+}
+
+inline File file_from_char(char c) {
+  return File(c - 'a') + FILE_A;
+}
+
+inline char file_to_char(File f) {
+  return char(f - FILE_A + int('a'));
+}
+
+inline Rank rank_from_char(char c) {
+  return Rank(c - '1') + RANK_1;
+}
+
+inline char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
+  return char(r - RANK_1 + int('1'));
+}
+
+inline Square square_from_string(const std::string& str) {
+  return make_square(file_from_char(str[0]), rank_from_char(str[1]));
+}
+
+inline const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
+  std::string str;
+  str += file_to_char(square_file(s));
+  str += rank_to_char(square_rank(s));
+  return str;
+}
+
+inline bool file_is_ok(File f) {
+  return f >= FILE_A && f <= FILE_H;
+}
+
+inline bool rank_is_ok(Rank r) {
+  return r >= RANK_1 && r <= RANK_8;
+}
+
+inline bool square_is_ok(Square s) {
+  return file_is_ok(square_file(s)) && rank_is_ok(square_rank(s));
+}
+
+#endif // !defined(SQUARE_H_INCLUDED)

src/thread.cpp

@@ -1,345 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-#include <iostream>
-
-#include "thread.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
-
-ThreadsManager Threads; // Global object definition
-
-namespace { extern "C" {
-
- // start_routine() is the C function which is called when a new thread
- // is launched. It simply calls idle_loop() with the supplied threadID.
- // There are two versions of this function; one for POSIX threads and
- // one for Windows threads.
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-  DWORD WINAPI start_routine(LPVOID threadID) {
-
-    Threads.idle_loop(*(int*)threadID, NULL);
-    return 0;
-  }
-
-#else
-
-  void* start_routine(void* threadID) {
-
-    Threads.idle_loop(*(int*)threadID, NULL);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-
-#endif
-
-} }
-
-
-// wake_up() wakes up the thread, normally at the beginning of the search or,
-// if "sleeping threads" is used, when there is some work to do.
-
-void Thread::wake_up() {
-
-  lock_grab(&sleepLock);
-  cond_signal(&sleepCond);
-  lock_release(&sleepLock);
-}
-
-
-// cutoff_occurred() checks whether a beta cutoff has occurred in
-// the thread's currently active split point, or in some ancestor of
-// the current split point.
-
-bool Thread::cutoff_occurred() const {
-
-  for (SplitPoint* sp = splitPoint; sp; sp = sp->parent)
-      if (sp->is_betaCutoff)
-          return true;
-  return false;
-}
-
-
-// is_available_to() checks whether the thread is available to help the thread with
-// threadID "master" at a split point. An obvious requirement is that thread must be
-// idle. With more than two threads, this is not by itself sufficient: If the thread
-// is the master of some active split point, it is only available as a slave to the
-// threads which are busy searching the split point at the top of "slave"'s split
-// point stack (the "helpful master concept" in YBWC terminology).
-
-bool Thread::is_available_to(int master) const {
-
-  if (state != AVAILABLE)
-      return false;
-
-  // Make a local copy to be sure doesn't become zero under our feet while
-  // testing next condition and so leading to an out of bound access.
-  int localActiveSplitPoints = activeSplitPoints;
-
-  // No active split points means that the thread is available as a slave for any
-  // other thread otherwise apply the "helpful master" concept if possible.
-  if (   !localActiveSplitPoints
-      || splitPoints[localActiveSplitPoints - 1].is_slave[master])
-      return true;
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-
-// read_uci_options() updates number of active threads and other internal
-// parameters according to the UCI options values. It is called before
-// to start a new search.
-
-void ThreadsManager::read_uci_options() {
-
-  maxThreadsPerSplitPoint = Options["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"].value<int>();
-  minimumSplitDepth       = Options["Minimum Split Depth"].value<int>() * ONE_PLY;
-  useSleepingThreads      = Options["Use Sleeping Threads"].value<bool>();
-  activeThreads           = Options["Threads"].value<int>();
-}
-
-
-// init() is called during startup. Initializes locks and condition variables
-// and launches all threads sending them immediately to sleep.
-
-void ThreadsManager::init() {
-
-  int threadID[MAX_THREADS];
-
-  // This flag is needed to properly end the threads when program exits
-  allThreadsShouldExit = false;
-
-  // Threads will sent to sleep as soon as created, only main thread is kept alive
-  activeThreads = 1;
-  threads[0].state = Thread::SEARCHING;
-
-  // Allocate pawn and material hash tables for main thread
-  init_hash_tables();
-
-  lock_init(&mpLock);
-
-  // Initialize thread and split point locks
-  for (int i = 0; i < MAX_THREADS; i++)
-  {
-      lock_init(&threads[i].sleepLock);
-      cond_init(&threads[i].sleepCond);
-
-      for (int j = 0; j < MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS; j++)
-          lock_init(&(threads[i].splitPoints[j].lock));
-  }
-
-  // Create and startup all the threads but the main that is already running
-  for (int i = 1; i < MAX_THREADS; i++)
-  {
-      threads[i].state = Thread::INITIALIZING;
-      threadID[i] = i;
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-      bool ok = (CreateThread(NULL, 0, start_routine, (LPVOID)&threadID[i], 0, NULL) != NULL);
-#else
-      pthread_t pthreadID;
-      bool ok = (pthread_create(&pthreadID, NULL, start_routine, (void*)&threadID[i]) == 0);
-      pthread_detach(pthreadID);
-#endif
-      if (!ok)
-      {
-          std::cout << "Failed to create thread number " << i << std::endl;
-          ::exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-      }
-
-      // Wait until the thread has finished launching and is gone to sleep
-      while (threads[i].state == Thread::INITIALIZING) {}
-  }
-}
-
-
-// exit() is called to cleanly exit the threads when the program finishes
-
-void ThreadsManager::exit() {
-
-  // Force the woken up threads to exit idle_loop() and hence terminate
-  allThreadsShouldExit = true;
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < MAX_THREADS; i++)
-  {
-      // Wake up all the threads and waits for termination
-      if (i != 0)
-      {
-          threads[i].wake_up();
-          while (threads[i].state != Thread::TERMINATED) {}
-      }
-
-      // Now we can safely destroy the locks and wait conditions
-      lock_destroy(&threads[i].sleepLock);
-      cond_destroy(&threads[i].sleepCond);
-
-      for (int j = 0; j < MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS; j++)
-          lock_destroy(&(threads[i].splitPoints[j].lock));
-  }
-
-  lock_destroy(&mpLock);
-}
-
-
-// init_hash_tables() dynamically allocates pawn and material hash tables
-// according to the number of active threads. This avoids preallocating
-// memory for all possible threads if only few are used as, for instance,
-// on mobile devices where memory is scarce and allocating for MAX_THREADS
-// threads could even result in a crash.
-
-void ThreadsManager::init_hash_tables() {
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < activeThreads; i++)
-  {
-      threads[i].pawnTable.init();
-      threads[i].materialTable.init();
-  }
-}
-
-
-// available_slave_exists() tries to find an idle thread which is available as
-// a slave for the thread with threadID "master".
-
-bool ThreadsManager::available_slave_exists(int master) const {
-
-  assert(master >= 0 && master < activeThreads);
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < activeThreads; i++)
-      if (i != master && threads[i].is_available_to(master))
-          return true;
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-
-// split() does the actual work of distributing the work at a node between
-// several available threads. If it does not succeed in splitting the
-// node (because no idle threads are available, or because we have no unused
-// split point objects), the function immediately returns. If splitting is
-// possible, a SplitPoint object is initialized with all the data that must be
-// copied to the helper threads and we tell our helper threads that they have
-// been assigned work. This will cause them to instantly leave their idle loops and
-// call search().When all threads have returned from search() then split() returns.
-
-template <bool Fake>
-void ThreadsManager::split(Position& pos, SearchStack* ss, Value* alpha, const Value beta,
-                           Value* bestValue, Depth depth, Move threatMove,
-                           int moveCount, MovePicker* mp, bool pvNode) {
-  assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(*bestValue >= -VALUE_INFINITE);
-  assert(*bestValue <= *alpha);
-  assert(*alpha < beta);
-  assert(beta <= VALUE_INFINITE);
-  assert(depth > DEPTH_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.thread() >= 0 && pos.thread() < activeThreads);
-  assert(activeThreads > 1);
-
-  int i, master = pos.thread();
-  Thread& masterThread = threads[master];
-
-  lock_grab(&mpLock);
-
-  // If no other thread is available to help us, or if we have too many
-  // active split points, don't split.
-  if (   !available_slave_exists(master)
-      || masterThread.activeSplitPoints >= MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS)
-  {
-      lock_release(&mpLock);
-      return;
-  }
-
-  // Pick the next available split point object from the split point stack
-  SplitPoint& splitPoint = masterThread.splitPoints[masterThread.activeSplitPoints++];
-
-  // Initialize the split point object
-  splitPoint.parent = masterThread.splitPoint;
-  splitPoint.master = master;
-  splitPoint.is_betaCutoff = false;
-  splitPoint.depth = depth;
-  splitPoint.threatMove = threatMove;
-  splitPoint.alpha = *alpha;
-  splitPoint.beta = beta;
-  splitPoint.pvNode = pvNode;
-  splitPoint.bestValue = *bestValue;
-  splitPoint.mp = mp;
-  splitPoint.moveCount = moveCount;
-  splitPoint.pos = &pos;
-  splitPoint.nodes = 0;
-  splitPoint.ss = ss;
-  for (i = 0; i < activeThreads; i++)
-      splitPoint.is_slave[i] = false;
-
-  masterThread.splitPoint = &splitPoint;
-
-  // If we are here it means we are not available
-  assert(masterThread.state != Thread::AVAILABLE);
-
-  int workersCnt = 1; // At least the master is included
-
-  // Allocate available threads setting state to THREAD_BOOKED
-  for (i = 0; !Fake && i < activeThreads && workersCnt < maxThreadsPerSplitPoint; i++)
-      if (i != master && threads[i].is_available_to(master))
-      {
-          threads[i].state = Thread::BOOKED;
-          threads[i].splitPoint = &splitPoint;
-          splitPoint.is_slave[i] = true;
-          workersCnt++;
-      }
-
-  assert(Fake || workersCnt > 1);
-
-  // We can release the lock because slave threads are already booked and master is not available
-  lock_release(&mpLock);
-
-  // Tell the threads that they have work to do. This will make them leave
-  // their idle loop.
-  for (i = 0; i < activeThreads; i++)
-      if (i == master || splitPoint.is_slave[i])
-      {
-          assert(i == master || threads[i].state == Thread::BOOKED);
-
-          threads[i].state = Thread::WORKISWAITING; // This makes the slave to exit from idle_loop()
-
-          if (useSleepingThreads && i != master)
-              threads[i].wake_up();
-      }
-
-  // Everything is set up. The master thread enters the idle loop, from
-  // which it will instantly launch a search, because its state is
-  // THREAD_WORKISWAITING.  We send the split point as a second parameter to the
-  // idle loop, which means that the main thread will return from the idle
-  // loop when all threads have finished their work at this split point.
-  idle_loop(master, &splitPoint);
-
-  // We have returned from the idle loop, which means that all threads are
-  // finished. Update alpha and bestValue, and return.
-  lock_grab(&mpLock);
-
-  *alpha = splitPoint.alpha;
-  *bestValue = splitPoint.bestValue;
-  masterThread.activeSplitPoints--;
-  masterThread.splitPoint = splitPoint.parent;
-  pos.set_nodes_searched(pos.nodes_searched() + splitPoint.nodes);
-
-  lock_release(&mpLock);
-}
-
-// Explicit template instantiations
-template void ThreadsManager::split<false>(Position&, SearchStack*, Value*, const Value, Value*, Depth, Move, int, MovePicker*, bool);
-template void ThreadsManager::split<true>(Position&, SearchStack*, Value*, const Value, Value*, Depth, Move, int, MovePicker*, bool);

src/thread.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,116 +17,64 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(THREAD_H_INCLUDED)
 #define THREAD_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <cstring>
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 
 #include "lock.h"
-#include "material.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
-#include "pawns.h"
 #include "position.h"
+#include "search.h"
 
-const int MAX_THREADS = 32;
-const int MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS = 8;
+
+////
+//// Constants and variables
+////
+
+const int THREAD_MAX = 8;
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
 
 struct SplitPoint {
-
-  // Const data after splitPoint has been setup
-  SplitPoint* parent;
-  const Position* pos;
-  Depth depth;
-  bool pvNode;
-  Value beta;
+  SplitPoint *parent;
+  Position pos;
+  SearchStack sstack[THREAD_MAX][PLY_MAX_PLUS_2];
+  SearchStack *parentSstack;
   int ply;
-  int master;
-  Move threatMove;
-
-  // Const pointers to shared data
-  MovePicker* mp;
-  SearchStack* ss;
-
-  // Shared data
+  Depth depth;
+  volatile Value alpha, beta, bestValue, futilityValue;
+  Value approximateEval;
+  bool pvNode;
+  int master, slaves[THREAD_MAX];
   Lock lock;
-  volatile int64_t nodes;
-  volatile Value alpha;
-  volatile Value bestValue;
-  volatile int moveCount;
-  volatile bool is_betaCutoff;
-  volatile bool is_slave[MAX_THREADS];
+  MovePicker *mp;
+  volatile int moves;
+  volatile int cpus;
+  bool finished;
 };
 
 
-/// Thread struct is used to keep together all the thread related stuff like locks,
-/// state and especially split points. We also use per-thread pawn and material hash
-/// tables so that once we get a pointer to an entry its life time is unlimited and
-/// we don't have to care about someone changing the entry under our feet.
-
 struct Thread {
-
-  enum ThreadState
-  {
-    INITIALIZING,  // Thread is initializing itself
-    SEARCHING,     // Thread is performing work
-    AVAILABLE,     // Thread is waiting for work
-    BOOKED,        // Other thread (master) has booked us as a slave
-    WORKISWAITING, // Master has ordered us to start
-    TERMINATED     // We are quitting and thread is terminated
-  };
-
-  void wake_up();
-  bool cutoff_occurred() const;
-  bool is_available_to(int master) const;
-
-  MaterialInfoTable materialTable;
-  PawnInfoTable pawnTable;
-  int maxPly;
-  Lock sleepLock;
-  WaitCondition sleepCond;
-  volatile ThreadState state;
-  SplitPoint* volatile splitPoint;
+  SplitPoint *splitPoint;
   volatile int activeSplitPoints;
-  SplitPoint splitPoints[MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS];
+  uint64_t nodes;
+  uint64_t betaCutOffs[2];
+  bool failHighPly1;
+  volatile bool stop;
+  volatile bool running;
+  volatile bool idle;
+  volatile bool workIsWaiting;
+  volatile bool printCurrentLine;
+  unsigned char pad[64]; // set some distance among local data for each thread
 };
 
 
-/// ThreadsManager class is used to handle all the threads related stuff like init,
-/// starting, parking and, the most important, launching a slave thread at a split
-/// point. All the access to shared thread data is done through this class.
-
-class ThreadsManager {
-  /* As long as the single ThreadsManager object is defined as a global we don't
-     need to explicitly initialize to zero its data members because variables with
-     static storage duration are automatically set to zero before enter main()
-  */
-public:
-  Thread& operator[](int threadID) { return threads[threadID]; }
-  void init();
-  void exit();
-  void init_hash_tables();
-
-  int min_split_depth() const { return minimumSplitDepth; }
-  int size() const { return activeThreads; }
-  void set_size(int cnt) { activeThreads = cnt; }
-
-  void read_uci_options();
-  bool available_slave_exists(int master) const;
-  void idle_loop(int threadID, SplitPoint* sp);
-
-  template <bool Fake>
-  void split(Position& pos, SearchStack* ss, Value* alpha, const Value beta, Value* bestValue,
-             Depth depth, Move threatMove, int moveCount, MovePicker* mp, bool pvNode);
-private:
-  Lock mpLock;
-  Depth minimumSplitDepth;
-  int maxThreadsPerSplitPoint;
-  bool useSleepingThreads;
-  int activeThreads;
-  volatile bool allThreadsShouldExit;
-  Thread threads[MAX_THREADS];
-};
-
-extern ThreadsManager Threads;
-
 #endif // !defined(THREAD_H_INCLUDED)

src/timeman.cpp

@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-#include <cmath>
-
-#include "misc.h"
-#include "search.h"
-#include "timeman.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
-
-namespace {
-
-  /// Constants
-
-  const int MoveHorizon  = 50;    // Plan time management at most this many moves ahead
-  const float MaxRatio   = 3.0f;  // When in trouble, we can step over reserved time with this ratio
-  const float StealRatio = 0.33f; // However we must not steal time from remaining moves over this ratio
-
-
-  // MoveImportance[] is based on naive statistical analysis of "how many games are still undecided
-  // after n half-moves". Game is considered "undecided" as long as neither side has >275cp advantage.
-  // Data was extracted from CCRL game database with some simple filtering criteria.
-  const int MoveImportance[512] = {
-    7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780,
-    7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7778, 7778, 7776, 7776, 7776, 7773, 7770, 7768, 7766, 7763, 7757, 7751,
-    7743, 7735, 7724, 7713, 7696, 7689, 7670, 7656, 7627, 7605, 7571, 7549, 7522, 7493, 7462, 7425,
-    7385, 7350, 7308, 7272, 7230, 7180, 7139, 7094, 7055, 7010, 6959, 6902, 6841, 6778, 6705, 6651,
-    6569, 6508, 6435, 6378, 6323, 6253, 6152, 6085, 5995, 5931, 5859, 5794, 5717, 5646, 5544, 5462,
-    5364, 5282, 5172, 5078, 4988, 4901, 4831, 4764, 4688, 4609, 4536, 4443, 4365, 4293, 4225, 4155,
-    4085, 4005, 3927, 3844, 3765, 3693, 3634, 3560, 3479, 3404, 3331, 3268, 3207, 3146, 3077, 3011,
-    2947, 2894, 2828, 2776, 2727, 2676, 2626, 2589, 2538, 2490, 2442, 2394, 2345, 2302, 2243, 2192,
-    2156, 2115, 2078, 2043, 2004, 1967, 1922, 1893, 1845, 1809, 1772, 1736, 1702, 1674, 1640, 1605,
-    1566, 1536, 1509, 1479, 1452, 1423, 1388, 1362, 1332, 1304, 1289, 1266, 1250, 1228, 1206, 1180,
-    1160, 1134, 1118, 1100, 1080, 1068, 1051, 1034, 1012, 1001, 980, 960, 945, 934, 916, 900, 888,
-    878, 865, 852, 828, 807, 787, 770, 753, 744, 731, 722, 706, 700, 683, 676, 671, 664, 652, 641,
-    634, 627, 613, 604, 591, 582, 568, 560, 552, 540, 534, 529, 519, 509, 495, 484, 474, 467, 460,
-    450, 438, 427, 419, 410, 406, 399, 394, 387, 382, 377, 372, 366, 359, 353, 348, 343, 337, 333,
-    328, 321, 315, 309, 303, 298, 293, 287, 284, 281, 277, 273, 265, 261, 255, 251, 247, 241, 240,
-    235, 229, 218, 217, 213, 212, 208, 206, 197, 193, 191, 189, 185, 184, 180, 177, 172, 170, 170,
-    170, 166, 163, 159, 158, 156, 155, 151, 146, 141, 138, 136, 132, 130, 128, 125, 123, 122, 118,
-    118, 118, 117, 115, 114, 108, 107, 105, 105, 105, 102, 97, 97, 95, 94, 93, 91, 88, 86, 83, 80,
-    80, 79, 79, 79, 78, 76, 75, 72, 72, 71, 70, 68, 65, 63, 61, 61, 59, 59, 59, 58, 56, 55, 54, 54,
-    52, 49, 48, 48, 48, 48, 45, 45, 45, 44, 43, 41, 41, 41, 41, 40, 40, 38, 37, 36, 34, 34, 34, 33,
-    31, 29, 29, 29, 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 24, 24, 23, 23, 22, 21, 20, 20,
-    19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 18, 18, 18, 18, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 16, 16, 15, 15, 14, 14, 14, 12, 12, 11,
-    9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
-    8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
-    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2,
-    2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 };
-
-  int move_importance(int ply) { return MoveImportance[Min(ply, 511)]; }
-
-
-  /// Function Prototypes
-
-  enum TimeType { OptimumTime, MaxTime };
-
-  template<TimeType>
-  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly);
-}
-
-
-void TimeManager::pv_instability(int curChanges, int prevChanges) {
-
-    unstablePVExtraTime =  curChanges  * (optimumSearchTime / 2)
-                         + prevChanges * (optimumSearchTime / 3);
-}
-
-
-void TimeManager::init(const SearchLimits& limits, int currentPly)
-{
-  /* We support four different kind of time controls:
-
-      increment == 0 && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime  [sudden death!]
-      increment == 0 && movesToGo != 0 means: x moves in y minutes
-      increment >  0 && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime + z increment
-      increment >  0 && movesToGo != 0 means: x moves in y minutes + z increment
-
-    Time management is adjusted by following UCI parameters:
-
-      emergencyMoveHorizon: Be prepared to always play at least this many moves
-      emergencyBaseTime   : Always attempt to keep at least this much time (in ms) at clock
-      emergencyMoveTime   : Plus attempt to keep at least this much time for each remaining emergency move
-      minThinkingTime     : No matter what, use at least this much thinking before doing the move
-  */
-
-  int hypMTG, hypMyTime, t1, t2;
-
-  // Read uci parameters
-  int emergencyMoveHorizon = Options["Emergency Move Horizon"].value<int>();
-  int emergencyBaseTime    = Options["Emergency Base Time"].value<int>();
-  int emergencyMoveTime    = Options["Emergency Move Time"].value<int>();
-  int minThinkingTime      = Options["Minimum Thinking Time"].value<int>();
-
-  // Initialize to maximum values but unstablePVExtraTime that is reset
-  unstablePVExtraTime = 0;
-  optimumSearchTime = maximumSearchTime = limits.time;
-
-  // We calculate optimum time usage for different hypothetic "moves to go"-values and choose the
-  // minimum of calculated search time values. Usually the greatest hypMTG gives the minimum values.
-  for (hypMTG = 1; hypMTG <= (limits.movesToGo ? Min(limits.movesToGo, MoveHorizon) : MoveHorizon); hypMTG++)
-  {
-      // Calculate thinking time for hypothetic "moves to go"-value
-      hypMyTime =  limits.time
-                 + limits.increment * (hypMTG - 1)
-                 - emergencyBaseTime
-                 - emergencyMoveTime * Min(hypMTG, emergencyMoveHorizon);
-
-      hypMyTime = Max(hypMyTime, 0);
-
-      t1 = minThinkingTime + remaining<OptimumTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly);
-      t2 = minThinkingTime + remaining<MaxTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly);
-
-      optimumSearchTime = Min(optimumSearchTime, t1);
-      maximumSearchTime = Min(maximumSearchTime, t2);
-  }
-
-  if (Options["Ponder"].value<bool>())
-      optimumSearchTime += optimumSearchTime / 4;
-
-  // Make sure that maxSearchTime is not over absoluteMaxSearchTime
-  optimumSearchTime = Min(optimumSearchTime, maximumSearchTime);
-}
-
-
-namespace {
-
-  template<TimeType T>
-  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly)
-  {
-    const float TMaxRatio   = (T == OptimumTime ? 1 : MaxRatio);
-    const float TStealRatio = (T == OptimumTime ? 0 : StealRatio);
-
-    int thisMoveImportance = move_importance(currentPly);
-    int otherMovesImportance = 0;
-
-    for (int i = 1; i < movesToGo; i++)
-        otherMovesImportance += move_importance(currentPly + 2 * i);
-
-    float ratio1 = (TMaxRatio * thisMoveImportance) / float(TMaxRatio * thisMoveImportance + otherMovesImportance);
-    float ratio2 = (thisMoveImportance + TStealRatio * otherMovesImportance) / float(thisMoveImportance + otherMovesImportance);
-
-    return int(floor(myTime * Min(ratio1, ratio2)));
-  }
-}

src/tt.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,18 +17,31 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <iostream>
 
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <xmmintrin.h>
+
+#include "movegen.h"
 #include "tt.h"
 
-TranspositionTable TT; // Our global transposition table
+// The main transposition table
+TranspositionTable TT;
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
 TranspositionTable::TranspositionTable() {
 
-  size = generation = 0;
-  entries = NULL;
+  size = writes = 0;
+  entries = 0;
+  generation = 0;
 }
 
 TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
@@ -37,39 +50,40 @@ TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::set_size() sets the size of the transposition table,
+/// TranspositionTable::set_size sets the size of the transposition table,
 /// measured in megabytes.
 
 void TranspositionTable::set_size(size_t mbSize) {
 
+  assert(mbSize >= 4 && mbSize <= 8192);
+
   size_t newSize = 1024;
 
-  // Transposition table consists of clusters and each cluster consists
-  // of ClusterSize number of TTEntries. Each non-empty entry contains
-  // information of exactly one position and newSize is the number of
-  // clusters we are going to allocate.
-  while (2ULL * newSize * sizeof(TTCluster) <= (mbSize << 20))
+  // We store a cluster of ClusterSize number of TTEntry for each position
+  // and newSize is the maximum number of storable positions.
+  while ((2 * newSize) * sizeof(TTCluster) <= (mbSize << 20))
       newSize *= 2;
 
-  if (newSize == size)
-      return;
-
-  size = newSize;
-  delete [] entries;
-  entries = new (std::nothrow) TTCluster[size];
-  if (!entries)
+  if (newSize != size)
   {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
-                << " MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      size = newSize;
+      delete [] entries;
+      entries = new TTCluster[size];
+      if (!entries)
+      {
+          std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
+                    << " MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
+      }
+      clear();
   }
-  clear();
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::clear() overwrites the entire transposition table
+/// TranspositionTable::clear overwrites the entire transposition table
 /// with zeroes. It is called whenever the table is resized, or when the
 /// user asks the program to clear the table (from the UCI interface).
+/// Perhaps we should also clear it when the "ucinewgame" command is recieved?
 
 void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 
@@ -77,51 +91,66 @@ void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::store() writes a new entry containing position key and
-/// valuable information of current position. The lowest order bits of position
-/// key are used to decide on which cluster the position will be placed.
-/// When a new entry is written and there are no empty entries available in cluster,
-/// it replaces the least valuable of entries. A TTEntry t1 is considered to be
-/// more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the current search and t2 is from
-/// a previous search, or if the depth of t1 is bigger than the depth of t2.
+/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
+/// entry of a cluster given a position. The low 32 bits of the key
+/// are used to get the index in the table.
 
-void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD) {
+inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
+
+  return entries[uint32_t(posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
+}
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::store writes a new entry containing a position,
+/// a value, a value type, a search depth, and a best move to the
+/// transposition table. Transposition table is organized in clusters of
+/// four TTEntry objects, and when a new entry is written, it replaces
+/// the least valuable of the four entries in a cluster. A TTEntry t1 is
+/// considered to be more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the
+/// current search and t2 is from a previous search, or if the depth of t1
+/// is bigger than the depth of t2. A TTEntry of type VALUE_TYPE_EVAL
+/// never replaces another entry for the same position.
+
+void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m) {
 
-  int c1, c2, c3;
   TTEntry *tte, *replace;
-  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key inside the cluster
+  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key
 
   tte = replace = first_entry(posKey);
-
   for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
   {
-      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == posKey32) // Empty or overwrite old
+      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == posKey32) // empty or overwrite old
       {
-          // Preserve any existing ttMove
+          // Do not overwrite when new type is VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO
+          if (tte->key() && t == VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO)
+              return;
+
           if (m == MOVE_NONE)
               m = tte->move();
 
-          tte->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
+          *tte = TTEntry(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation);
           return;
       }
+      else if (i == 0)  // replace would be a no-op in this common case
+          continue;
 
-      // Implement replace strategy
-      c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
-      c2 = (tte->generation() == generation || tte->type() == VALUE_TYPE_EXACT ? -2 : 0);
-      c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
+      int c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
+      int c2 = (tte->generation() == generation ? -2 : 0);
+      int c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
 
       if (c1 + c2 + c3 > 0)
           replace = tte;
   }
-  replace->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
+  *replace = TTEntry(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation);
+  writes++;
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::probe() looks up the current position in the
-/// transposition table. Returns a pointer to the TTEntry or NULL if
-/// position is not found.
+/// TranspositionTable::retrieve looks up the current position in the
+/// transposition table. Returns a pointer to the TTEntry or NULL
+/// if position is not found.
 
-TTEntry* TranspositionTable::probe(const Key posKey) const {
+TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Key posKey) const {
 
   uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32;
   TTEntry* tte = first_entry(posKey);
@@ -134,11 +163,96 @@ TTEntry* TranspositionTable::probe(const Key posKey) const {
 }
 
 
+/// TranspositionTable::prefetch looks up the current position in the
+/// transposition table and load it in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
+/// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data
+/// to be loaded from RAM, that can be very slow. When we will
+/// subsequently call retrieve() the TT data will be already
+/// quickly accessible in L1/L2 CPU cache.
+
+void TranspositionTable::prefetch(const Key posKey) const {
+
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
+   // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by the
+   // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
+   __asm__ ("");
+#endif
+
+   char const* addr = (char*)first_entry(posKey);
+  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
+  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
+}
+
+
 /// TranspositionTable::new_search() is called at the beginning of every new
 /// search. It increments the "generation" variable, which is used to
 /// distinguish transposition table entries from previous searches from
 /// entries from the current search.
 
 void TranspositionTable::new_search() {
+
   generation++;
+  writes = 0;
+}
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::insert_pv() is called at the end of a search
+/// iteration, and inserts the PV back into the PV. This makes sure
+/// the old PV moves are searched first, even if the old TT entries
+/// have been overwritten.
+
+void TranspositionTable::insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]) {
+
+  StateInfo st;
+  Position p(pos);
+
+  for (int i = 0; pv[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
+  {
+      TTEntry *tte = retrieve(p.get_key());
+      if (!tte || tte->move() != pv[i])
+          store(p.get_key(), VALUE_NONE, VALUE_TYPE_NONE, Depth(-127*OnePly), pv[i]);
+      p.do_move(pv[i], st);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::extract_pv() extends a PV by adding moves from the
+/// transposition table at the end. This should ensure that the PV is almost
+/// always at least two plies long, which is important, because otherwise we
+/// will often get single-move PVs when the search stops while failing high,
+/// and a single-move PV means that we don't have a ponder move.
+
+void TranspositionTable::extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], const int PLY_MAX) {
+
+  const TTEntry* tte;
+  StateInfo st;
+  Position p(pos);
+  int ply = 0;
+
+  // Update position to the end of current PV
+  while (pv[ply] != MOVE_NONE)
+      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
+
+  // Try to add moves from TT while possible
+  while (   (tte = retrieve(p.get_key())) != NULL
+         && tte->move() != MOVE_NONE
+         && move_is_legal(p, tte->move())
+         && (!p.is_draw() || ply < 2)
+         && ply < PLY_MAX)
+  {
+      pv[ply] = tte->move();
+      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
+  }
+  pv[ply] = MOVE_NONE;
+}
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::full() returns the permill of all transposition table
+/// entries which have received at least one write during the current search.
+/// It is used to display the "info hashfull ..." information in UCI.
+
+int TranspositionTable::full() const {
+
+  double N = double(size) * ClusterSize;
+  return int(1000 * (1 - exp(writes * log(1.0 - 1.0/N))));
 }

src/tt.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,157 +17,108 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)
 #define TT_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <iostream>
+////
+//// Includes
+////
 
-#include "move.h"
-#include "types.h"
+#include "depth.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 
-/// The TTEntry is the class of transposition table entries
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+/// The TTEntry class is the class of transposition table entries
 ///
-/// A TTEntry needs 128 bits to be stored
+/// A TTEntry needs 96 bits to be stored
 ///
 /// bit  0-31: key
 /// bit 32-63: data
 /// bit 64-79: value
 /// bit 80-95: depth
-/// bit 96-111: static value
-/// bit 112-127: margin of static value
 ///
 /// the 32 bits of the data field are so defined
 ///
-/// bit  0-15: move
-/// bit 16-20: not used
-/// bit 21-22: value type
+/// bit  0-16: move
+/// bit 17-19: not used
+/// bit 20-22: value type
 /// bit 23-31: generation
 
 class TTEntry {
 
 public:
-  void save(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int g, Value statV, Value statM) {
+  TTEntry() {}
+  TTEntry(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int generation)
+        : key_ (k), data((m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 20) | (generation << 23)),
+          value_(int16_t(v)), depth_(int16_t(d)) {}
 
-    key32        = (uint32_t)k;
-    move16       = (uint16_t)m;
-    valueType    = (uint8_t)t;
-    generation8  = (uint8_t)g;
-    value16      = (int16_t)v;
-    depth16      = (int16_t)d;
-    staticValue  = (int16_t)statV;
-    staticMargin = (int16_t)statM;
-  }
-  void set_generation(int g) { generation8 = (uint8_t)g; }
-
-  uint32_t key() const              { return key32; }
-  Depth depth() const               { return (Depth)depth16; }
-  Move move() const                 { return (Move)move16; }
-  Value value() const               { return (Value)value16; }
-  ValueType type() const            { return (ValueType)valueType; }
-  int generation() const            { return (int)generation8; }
-  Value static_value() const        { return (Value)staticValue; }
-  Value static_value_margin() const { return (Value)staticMargin; }
+  uint32_t key() const { return key_; }
+  Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth_); }
+  Move move() const { return Move(data & 0x1FFFF); }
+  Value value() const { return Value(value_); }
+  ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 20) & 7); }
+  int generation() const { return (data >> 23); }
 
 private:
-  uint32_t key32;
-  uint16_t move16;
-  uint8_t valueType, generation8;
-  int16_t value16, depth16, staticValue, staticMargin;
+  uint32_t key_;
+  uint32_t data;
+  int16_t value_;
+  int16_t depth_;
 };
 
 
-/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each cluster
-const int ClusterSize = 4;
+/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each position
+const int ClusterSize = 5;
 
-
-/// TTCluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntries. Size of TTCluster
-/// must not be bigger than a cache line size. In case it is less, it should
-/// be padded to guarantee always aligned accesses.
+/// Each group of ClusterSize number of TTEntry form a TTCluster
+/// that is indexed by a single position key. Cluster is padded
+/// to a cache line size so to guarantee always aligned accesses.
 
 struct TTCluster {
   TTEntry data[ClusterSize];
+  char cache_line_padding[64 - sizeof(TTEntry[ClusterSize])];
 };
 
 
-/// The transposition table class. This is basically just a huge array containing
-/// TTCluster objects, and a few methods for writing and reading entries.
+/// The transposition table class. This is basically just a huge array
+/// containing TTEntry objects, and a few methods for writing new entries
+/// and reading new ones.
 
 class TranspositionTable {
 
-  TranspositionTable(const TranspositionTable&);
-  TranspositionTable& operator=(const TranspositionTable&);
-
 public:
   TranspositionTable();
   ~TranspositionTable();
   void set_size(size_t mbSize);
   void clear();
-  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD);
-  TTEntry* probe(const Key posKey) const;
+  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m);
+  TTEntry* retrieve(const Key posKey) const;
+  void prefetch(const Key posKey) const;
   void new_search();
-  TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
-  void refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const;
+  void insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]);
+  void extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], const int PLY_MAX);
+  int full() const;
 
 private:
+  inline TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
+
+  // Be sure 'writes' is at least one cache line away
+  // from read only variables.
+  unsigned char pad_before[64 - sizeof(unsigned)];
+  unsigned writes; // heavy SMP read/write access here
+  unsigned char pad_after[64];
+
   size_t size;
   TTCluster* entries;
-  uint8_t generation; // Size must be not bigger then TTEntry::generation8
+  uint8_t generation;
 };
 
 extern TranspositionTable TT;
 
-
-/// TranspositionTable::first_entry() returns a pointer to the first entry of
-/// a cluster given a position. The lowest order bits of the key are used to
-/// get the index of the cluster.
-
-inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
-
-  return entries[((uint32_t)posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
-}
-
-
-/// TranspositionTable::refresh() updates the 'generation' value of the TTEntry
-/// to avoid aging. Normally called after a TT hit.
-
-inline void TranspositionTable::refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const {
-
-  const_cast<TTEntry*>(tte)->set_generation(generation);
-}
-
-
-/// A simple fixed size hash table used to store pawns and material
-/// configurations. It is basically just an array of Entry objects.
-/// Without cluster concept or overwrite policy.
-
-template<class Entry, int HashSize>
-struct SimpleHash {
-
-  typedef SimpleHash<Entry, HashSize> Base;
-
-  void init() {
-
-    if (entries)
-        return;
-
-    entries = new (std::nothrow) Entry[HashSize];
-    if (!entries)
-    {
-        std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << HashSize * sizeof(Entry)
-                  << " bytes for hash table." << std::endl;
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    memset(entries, 0, HashSize * sizeof(Entry));
-  }
-
-  virtual ~SimpleHash() { delete [] entries; }
-
-  Entry* probe(Key key) const { return entries + ((uint32_t)key & (HashSize - 1)); }
-  void prefetch(Key key) const { ::prefetch((char*)probe(key)); }
-
-protected:
-  Entry* entries;
-};
-
 #endif // !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)

src/types.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,76 +17,55 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)
 #define TYPES_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <climits>
-#include <cstdlib>
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
-#pragma warning(disable: 4800) // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false'
-#pragma warning(disable: 4127) // Conditional expression is constant
-#pragma warning(disable: 4146) // Unary minus operator applied to unsigned type
-
-// MSVC does not support <inttypes.h>
-typedef   signed __int8    int8_t;
-typedef unsigned __int8   uint8_t;
-typedef   signed __int16  int16_t;
-typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
-typedef   signed __int32  int32_t;
-typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
-typedef   signed __int64  int64_t;
-typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
-
-#else
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 #include <inttypes.h>
 
+#else
+
+typedef __int8 int8_t;
+typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
+typedef __int16 int16;
+typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+typedef __int32 int32_t;
+typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+typedef __int64 int64_t;
+typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
+
+typedef __int16 int16_t;
+typedef __int64 int64_t;
+
+#endif // !defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+// Hash keys
+typedef uint64_t Key;
+
+// Bitboard type
+typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
+
+
+////
+//// Compiler specific defines
+////
+
+// Quiet a warning on Intel compiler
+#if !defined(__SIZEOF_INT__ )
+#define __SIZEOF_INT__ 0
 #endif
 
-#define Min(x, y) (((x) < (y)) ? (x) : (y))
-#define Max(x, y) (((x) < (y)) ? (y) : (x))
-
-////
-//// Configuration
-////
-
-//// For Linux and OSX configuration is done automatically using Makefile.
-//// To get started type "make help".
-////
-//// For windows part of the configuration is detected automatically, but
-//// some switches need to be set manually:
-////
-//// -DNDEBUG       | Disable debugging mode. Use always.
-////
-//// -DNO_PREFETCH  | Disable use of prefetch asm-instruction. A must if you want the
-////                | executable to run on some very old machines.
-////
-//// -DUSE_POPCNT   | Add runtime support for use of popcnt asm-instruction.
-////                | Works only in 64-bit mode. For compiling requires hardware
-////                | with popcnt support. Around 4% speed-up.
-////
-//// -DOLD_LOCKS    | By default under Windows are used the fast Slim Reader/Writer (SRW)
-////                | Locks and Condition Variables: these are not supported by Windows XP
-////                | and older, to compile for those platforms you should enable OLD_LOCKS.
-
-// Automatic detection for 64-bit under Windows
-#if defined(_WIN64)
+// Check for 64 bits for different compilers: Intel, MSVC and gcc
+#if defined(__x86_64) || defined(_M_X64) || defined(_WIN64) || (__SIZEOF_INT__ > 4)
 #define IS_64BIT
 #endif
 
-// Automatic detection for use of bsfq asm-instruction under Windows
-#if defined(_WIN64)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
 #define USE_BSFQ
 #endif
 
-// Intel header for _mm_popcnt_u64() intrinsic
-#if defined(USE_POPCNT) && defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-#include <nmmintrin.h>
-#endif
-
 // Cache line alignment specification
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
 #define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT __declspec(align(64))
@@ -94,377 +73,4 @@ typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
 #define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT  __attribute__ ((aligned(64)))
 #endif
 
-// Define a __cpuid() function for gcc compilers, for Intel and MSVC
-// is already available as an intrinsic.
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#include <intrin.h>
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
-inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int InfoType)
-{
-  int* eax = CPUInfo + 0;
-  int* ebx = CPUInfo + 1;
-  int* ecx = CPUInfo + 2;
-  int* edx = CPUInfo + 3;
-
-  *eax = InfoType;
-  *ecx = 0;
-  __asm__("cpuid" : "=a" (*eax), "=b" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx)
-                  : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx));
-}
-#else
-inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int)
-{
-   CPUInfo[0] = CPUInfo[1] = CPUInfo[2] = CPUInfo[3] = 0;
-}
-#endif
-
-// Define FORCE_INLINE macro to force inlining overriding compiler choice
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#define FORCE_INLINE  __forceinline
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-#define FORCE_INLINE  inline __attribute__((always_inline))
-#else
-#define FORCE_INLINE  inline
-#endif
-
-/// cpu_has_popcnt() detects support for popcnt instruction at runtime
-inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
-
-  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
-  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
-  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
-}
-
-/// CpuHasPOPCNT is a global constant initialized at startup that
-/// is set to true if CPU on which application runs supports popcnt
-/// hardware instruction. Unless USE_POPCNT is not defined.
-#if defined(USE_POPCNT)
-const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = cpu_has_popcnt();
-#else
-const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = false;
-#endif
-
-
-/// CpuIs64Bit is a global constant initialized at compile time that
-/// is set to true if CPU on which application runs is a 64 bits.
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-const bool CpuIs64Bit = true;
-#else
-const bool CpuIs64Bit = false;
-#endif
-
-#include <string>
-
-typedef uint64_t Key;
-typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
-
-const int PLY_MAX = 100;
-const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = PLY_MAX + 2;
-
-enum ValueType {
-  VALUE_TYPE_NONE  = 0,
-  VALUE_TYPE_UPPER = 1,
-  VALUE_TYPE_LOWER = 2,
-  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = VALUE_TYPE_UPPER | VALUE_TYPE_LOWER
-};
-
-enum Value {
-  VALUE_ZERO      = 0,
-  VALUE_DRAW      = 0,
-  VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 15000,
-  VALUE_MATE      = 30000,
-  VALUE_INFINITE  = 30001,
-  VALUE_NONE      = 30002,
-
-  VALUE_MATE_IN_PLY_MAX  =  VALUE_MATE - PLY_MAX,
-  VALUE_MATED_IN_PLY_MAX = -VALUE_MATE + PLY_MAX,
-
-  VALUE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_P = INT_MAX,
-  VALUE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_N = INT_MIN
-};
-
-enum PieceType {
-  PIECE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
-  PAWN = 1, KNIGHT = 2, BISHOP = 3, ROOK = 4, QUEEN = 5, KING = 6
-};
-
-enum Piece {
-  PIECE_NONE_DARK_SQ = 0, WP = 1, WN = 2, WB = 3, WR = 4, WQ = 5, WK = 6,
-  BP = 9, BN = 10, BB = 11, BR = 12, BQ = 13, BK = 14, PIECE_NONE = 16
-};
-
-enum Color {
-  WHITE, BLACK, COLOR_NONE
-};
-
-enum Depth {
-
-  ONE_PLY = 2,
-
-  DEPTH_ZERO         =  0 * ONE_PLY,
-  DEPTH_QS_CHECKS    = -1 * ONE_PLY,
-  DEPTH_QS_NO_CHECKS = -2 * ONE_PLY,
-
-  DEPTH_NONE = -127 * ONE_PLY
-};
-
-enum Square {
-  SQ_A1, SQ_B1, SQ_C1, SQ_D1, SQ_E1, SQ_F1, SQ_G1, SQ_H1,
-  SQ_A2, SQ_B2, SQ_C2, SQ_D2, SQ_E2, SQ_F2, SQ_G2, SQ_H2,
-  SQ_A3, SQ_B3, SQ_C3, SQ_D3, SQ_E3, SQ_F3, SQ_G3, SQ_H3,
-  SQ_A4, SQ_B4, SQ_C4, SQ_D4, SQ_E4, SQ_F4, SQ_G4, SQ_H4,
-  SQ_A5, SQ_B5, SQ_C5, SQ_D5, SQ_E5, SQ_F5, SQ_G5, SQ_H5,
-  SQ_A6, SQ_B6, SQ_C6, SQ_D6, SQ_E6, SQ_F6, SQ_G6, SQ_H6,
-  SQ_A7, SQ_B7, SQ_C7, SQ_D7, SQ_E7, SQ_F7, SQ_G7, SQ_H7,
-  SQ_A8, SQ_B8, SQ_C8, SQ_D8, SQ_E8, SQ_F8, SQ_G8, SQ_H8,
-  SQ_NONE,
-
-  DELTA_N =  8,
-  DELTA_E =  1,
-  DELTA_S = -8,
-  DELTA_W = -1,
-
-  DELTA_NN = DELTA_N + DELTA_N,
-  DELTA_NE = DELTA_N + DELTA_E,
-  DELTA_SE = DELTA_S + DELTA_E,
-  DELTA_SS = DELTA_S + DELTA_S,
-  DELTA_SW = DELTA_S + DELTA_W,
-  DELTA_NW = DELTA_N + DELTA_W
-};
-
-enum File {
-  FILE_A, FILE_B, FILE_C, FILE_D, FILE_E, FILE_F, FILE_G, FILE_H
-};
-
-enum Rank {
-  RANK_1, RANK_2, RANK_3, RANK_4, RANK_5, RANK_6, RANK_7, RANK_8
-};
-
-enum SquareColor {
-  DARK, LIGHT
-};
-
-enum ScaleFactor {
-  SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO   = 0,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX    = 128,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_NONE   = 255
-};
-
-
-/// Score enum keeps a midgame and an endgame value in a single
-/// integer (enum), first LSB 16 bits are used to store endgame
-/// value, while upper bits are used for midgame value. Compiler
-/// is free to choose the enum type as long as can keep its data,
-/// so ensure Score to be an integer type.
-enum Score {
-    SCORE_ZERO = 0,
-    SCORE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_P = INT_MAX,
-    SCORE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_N = INT_MIN
-};
-
-#define ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
-inline T operator+ (const T d1, const T d2) { return T(int(d1) + int(d2)); } \
-inline T operator- (const T d1, const T d2) { return T(int(d1) - int(d2)); } \
-inline T operator* (int i, const T d) {  return T(i * int(d)); } \
-inline T operator* (const T d, int i) {  return T(int(d) * i); } \
-inline T operator/ (const T d, int i) { return T(int(d) / i); } \
-inline T operator- (const T d) { return T(-int(d)); } \
-inline T operator++ (T& d, int) {d = T(int(d) + 1); return d; } \
-inline T operator-- (T& d, int) { d = T(int(d) - 1); return d; } \
-inline void operator+= (T& d1, const T d2) { d1 = d1 + d2; } \
-inline void operator-= (T& d1, const T d2) { d1 = d1 - d2; } \
-inline void operator*= (T& d, int i) { d = T(int(d) * i); } \
-inline void operator/= (T& d, int i) { d = T(int(d) / i); }
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Value)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(PieceType)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Piece)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Color)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Depth)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Square)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(File)
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Rank)
-
-#undef ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON
-
-// Extra operators for adding integers to a Value
-inline Value operator+ (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) + i); }
-inline Value operator- (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) - i); }
-
-// Extracting the _signed_ lower and upper 16 bits it not so trivial
-// because according to the standard a simple cast to short is
-// implementation defined and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
-inline Value mg_value(Score s) { return Value(((int(s) + 32768) & ~0xffff) / 0x10000); }
-
-// Unfortunatly on Intel 64 bit we have a small speed regression, so use a faster code in
-// this case, although not 100% standard compliant it seems to work for Intel and MSVC.
-#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
-inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value(int16_t(s & 0xffff)); }
-#else
-inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value((int)(unsigned(s) & 0x7fffu) - (int)(unsigned(s) & 0x8000u)); }
-#endif
-
-inline Score make_score(int mg, int eg) { return Score((mg << 16) + eg); }
-
-// Division must be handled separately for each term
-inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) { return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i); }
-
-// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
-// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
-inline Score operator*(Score s1, Score s2);
-
-// Remaining Score operators are standard
-inline Score operator+ (const Score d1, const Score d2) { return Score(int(d1) + int(d2)); }
-inline Score operator- (const Score d1, const Score d2) { return Score(int(d1) - int(d2)); }
-inline Score operator* (int i, const Score d) {  return Score(i * int(d)); }
-inline Score operator* (const Score d, int i) {  return Score(int(d) * i); }
-inline Score operator- (const Score d) { return Score(-int(d)); }
-inline void operator+= (Score& d1, const Score d2) { d1 = d1 + d2; }
-inline void operator-= (Score& d1, const Score d2) { d1 = d1 - d2; }
-inline void operator*= (Score& d, int i) { d = Score(int(d) * i); }
-inline void operator/= (Score& d, int i) { d = Score(int(d) / i); }
-
-const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
-const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
-const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
-const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
-const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
-const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
-const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
-const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
-const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
-const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
-
-inline Value value_mate_in(int ply) {
-  return VALUE_MATE - ply;
-}
-
-inline Value value_mated_in(int ply) {
-  return -VALUE_MATE + ply;
-}
-
-inline Piece make_piece(Color c, PieceType pt) {
-  return Piece((int(c) << 3) | int(pt));
-}
-
-inline PieceType type_of_piece(Piece p)  {
-  return PieceType(int(p) & 7);
-}
-
-inline Color color_of_piece(Piece p) {
-  return Color(int(p) >> 3);
-}
-
-inline Color opposite_color(Color c) {
-  return Color(int(c) ^ 1);
-}
-
-inline bool color_is_ok(Color c) {
-  return c == WHITE || c == BLACK;
-}
-
-inline bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pt) {
-  return pt >= PAWN && pt <= KING;
-}
-
-inline bool piece_is_ok(Piece p) {
-  return piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(p)) && color_is_ok(color_of_piece(p));
-}
-
-inline char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt) {
-  static const char ch[] = " PNBRQK";
-  return ch[pt];
-}
-
-inline Square make_square(File f, Rank r) {
-  return Square((int(r) << 3) | int(f));
-}
-
-inline File square_file(Square s) {
-  return File(int(s) & 7);
-}
-
-inline Rank square_rank(Square s) {
-  return Rank(int(s) >> 3);
-}
-
-inline Square flip_square(Square s) {
-  return Square(int(s) ^ 56);
-}
-
-inline Square flop_square(Square s) {
-  return Square(int(s) ^ 7);
-}
-
-inline Square relative_square(Color c, Square s) {
-  return Square(int(s) ^ (int(c) * 56));
-}
-
-inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Rank r) {
-  return Rank(int(r) ^ (int(c) * 7));
-}
-
-inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Square s) {
-  return relative_rank(c, square_rank(s));
-}
-
-inline SquareColor square_color(Square s) {
-  return SquareColor(int(square_rank(s) + s) & 1);
-}
-
-inline bool opposite_color_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  int s = int(s1) ^ int(s2);
-  return ((s >> 3) ^ s) & 1;
-}
-
-inline int file_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return abs(square_file(s1) - square_file(s2));
-}
-
-inline int rank_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return abs(square_rank(s1) - square_rank(s2));
-}
-
-inline int square_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return Max(file_distance(s1, s2), rank_distance(s1, s2));
-}
-
-inline File file_from_char(char c) {
-  return File(c - 'a') + FILE_A;
-}
-
-inline char file_to_char(File f) {
-  return char(f - FILE_A + int('a'));
-}
-
-inline Rank rank_from_char(char c) {
-  return Rank(c - '1') + RANK_1;
-}
-
-inline char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
-  return char(r - RANK_1 + int('1'));
-}
-
-inline const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
-  char ch[] = { file_to_char(square_file(s)), rank_to_char(square_rank(s)), 0 };
-  return std::string(ch);
-}
-
-inline bool file_is_ok(File f) {
-  return f >= FILE_A && f <= FILE_H;
-}
-
-inline bool rank_is_ok(Rank r) {
-  return r >= RANK_1 && r <= RANK_8;
-}
-
-inline bool square_is_ok(Square s) {
-  return s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8;
-}
-
-inline Square pawn_push(Color c) {
-  return c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S;
-}
-
 #endif // !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)

src/uci.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,231 +17,309 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <cassert>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "book.h"
 #include "evaluate.h"
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "move.h"
+#include "movegen.h"
 #include "position.h"
+#include "san.h"
 #include "search.h"
+#include "uci.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
+////
+//// Local definitions:
+////
+
 namespace {
 
-  // FEN string for the initial position
-  const string StartPositionFEN = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
-
-  // UCIParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
+  // UCIInputParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
   // is actually a string stream built on a given input string.
-  typedef istringstream UCIParser;
 
-  void set_option(UCIParser& up);
-  void set_position(Position& pos, UCIParser& up);
-  bool go(Position& pos, UCIParser& up);
-  void perft(Position& pos, UCIParser& up);
+  typedef istringstream UCIInputParser;
+
+  // The root position. This is set up when the user (or in practice, the GUI)
+  // sends the "position" UCI command. The root position is sent to the think()
+  // function when the program receives the "go" command.
+  Position RootPosition;
+
+  // Local functions
+  bool handle_command(const string& command);
+  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  void perft(UCIInputParser& uip);
 }
 
 
-/// execute_uci_command() takes a string as input, uses a UCIParser
-/// object to parse this text string as a UCI command, and calls
-/// the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI commands,
-/// the function also supports a few debug commands.
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
-bool execute_uci_command(const string& cmd) {
+/// uci_main_loop() is the only global function in this file. It is
+/// called immediately after the program has finished initializing.
+/// The program remains in this loop until it receives the "quit" UCI
+/// command. It waits for a command from the user, and passes this
+/// command to handle_command and also intercepts EOF from stdin,
+/// by translating EOF to the "quit" command. This ensures that Stockfish
+/// exits gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
 
-  static Position pos(StartPositionFEN, false, 0); // The root position
+void uci_main_loop() {
 
-  UCIParser up(cmd);
-  string token;
+  RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
+  string command;
 
-  up >> token; // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+  do {
+      // Wait for a command from stdin
+      if (!getline(cin, command))
+          command = "quit";
 
-  if (token == "quit")
-      return false;
-
-  if (token == "go")
-      return go(pos, up);
-
-  if (token == "ucinewgame")
-      pos.from_fen(StartPositionFEN, false);
-
-  else if (token == "isready")
-      cout << "readyok" << endl;
-
-  else if (token == "position")
-      set_position(pos, up);
-
-  else if (token == "setoption")
-      set_option(up);
-
-  else if (token == "perft")
-      perft(pos, up);
-
-  else if (token == "d")
-      pos.print();
-
-  else if (token == "flip")
-      pos.flip();
-
-  else if (token == "eval")
-  {
-      read_evaluation_uci_options(pos.side_to_move());
-      cout << trace_evaluate(pos) << endl;
-  }
-
-  else if (token == "key")
-      cout << "key: " << hex     << pos.get_key()
-           << "\nmaterial key: " << pos.get_material_key()
-           << "\npawn key: "     << pos.get_pawn_key() << endl;
-
-  else if (token == "uci")
-      cout << "id name "     << engine_name()
-           << "\nid author " << engine_authors()
-           << "\n"           << Options.print_all()
-           << "\nuciok"      << endl;
-  else
-      cout << "Unknown command: " << cmd << endl;
-
-  return true;
+  } while (handle_command(command));
 }
 
 
+////
+//// Local functions
+////
+
 namespace {
 
-  // set_position() is called when engine receives the "position" UCI
-  // command. The function sets up the position described in the given
-  // fen string ("fen") or the starting position ("startpos") and then
-  // makes the moves given in the following move list ("moves").
+  // handle_command() takes a text string as input, uses a
+  // UCIInputParser object to parse this text string as a UCI command,
+  // and calls the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI
+  // commands, the function also supports a few debug commands.
 
-  void set_position(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
+  bool handle_command(const string& command) {
 
-    string token, fen;
+    UCIInputParser uip(command);
+    string token;
 
-    up >> token; // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+    if (!(uip >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+        return true;
 
-    if (token == "startpos")
+    if (token == "quit")
+        return false;
+
+    if (token == "go")
+        return go(uip);
+
+    if (token == "uci")
     {
-        pos.from_fen(StartPositionFEN, false);
-        up >> token; // Consume "moves" token if any
+        cout << "id name " << engine_name()
+             << "\nid author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski\n";
+        print_uci_options();
+        cout << "uciok" << endl;
     }
-    else if (token == "fen")
+    else if (token == "ucinewgame")
     {
-        while (up >> token && token != "moves")
-            fen += token + " ";
-
-        pos.from_fen(fen, Options["UCI_Chess960"].value<bool>());
+        push_button("New Game");
+        Position::init_piece_square_tables();
+        RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
     }
-    else return;
+    else if (token == "isready")
+        cout << "readyok" << endl;
+    else if (token == "position")
+        set_position(uip);
+    else if (token == "setoption")
+        set_option(uip);
 
-    // Parse move list (if any)
-    while (up >> token)
-        pos.do_setup_move(move_from_uci(pos, token));
-  }
-
-
-  // set_option() is called when engine receives the "setoption" UCI
-  // command. The function updates the corresponding UCI option ("name")
-  // to the given value ("value").
-
-  void set_option(UCIParser& up) {
-
-    string token, name;
-    string value = "true"; // UCI buttons don't have a "value" field
-
-    up >> token; // Consume "name" token
-    up >> name;  // Read option name
-
-    // Handle names with included spaces
-    while (up >> token && token != "value")
-        name += " " + token;
-
-    up >> value; // Read option value
-
-    // Handle values with included spaces
-    while (up >> token)
-        value += " " + token;
-
-    if (Options.find(name) != Options.end())
-        Options[name].set_value(value);
+    // The remaining commands are for debugging purposes only.
+    // Perhaps they should be removed later in order to reduce the
+    // size of the program binary.
+    else if (token == "d")
+        RootPosition.print();
+    else if (token == "flip")
+    {
+        Position p(RootPosition);
+        RootPosition.flipped_copy(p);
+    }
+    else if (token == "eval")
+    {
+        EvalInfo ei;
+        cout << "Incremental mg: " << mg_value(RootPosition.value())
+             << "\nIncremental eg: " << eg_value(RootPosition.value())
+             << "\nFull eval: " << evaluate(RootPosition, ei, 0) << endl;
+    }
+    else if (token == "key")
+        cout << "key: " << hex << RootPosition.get_key()
+             << "\nmaterial key: " << RootPosition.get_material_key()
+             << "\npawn key: " << RootPosition.get_pawn_key() << endl;
+    else if (token == "perft")
+        perft(uip);
     else
-        cout << "No such option: " << name << endl;
+        cout << "Unknown command: " << command << endl;
+
+    return true;
   }
 
 
-  // go() is called when engine receives the "go" UCI command. The
-  // function sets the thinking time and other parameters from the input
-  // string, and then calls think(). Returns false if a quit command
-  // is received while thinking, true otherwise.
+  // set_position() is called when Stockfish receives the "position" UCI
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
+  // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
+  // ("position"), and is ready to read the second token ("startpos"
+  // or "fen", if the input is well-formed).
 
-  bool go(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
+  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
     string token;
-    SearchLimits limits;
-    Move searchMoves[MAX_MOVES], *cur = searchMoves;
-    int time[] = { 0, 0 }, inc[] = { 0, 0 };
 
-    while (up >> token)
-    {
-        if (token == "infinite")
-            limits.infinite = true;
-        else if (token == "ponder")
-            limits.ponder = true;
-        else if (token == "wtime")
-            up >> time[WHITE];
-        else if (token == "btime")
-            up >> time[BLACK];
-        else if (token == "winc")
-            up >> inc[WHITE];
-        else if (token == "binc")
-            up >> inc[BLACK];
-        else if (token == "movestogo")
-            up >> limits.movesToGo;
-        else if (token == "depth")
-            up >> limits.maxDepth;
-        else if (token == "nodes")
-            up >> limits.maxNodes;
-        else if (token == "movetime")
-            up >> limits.maxTime;
-        else if (token == "searchmoves")
-            while (up >> token)
-                *cur++ = move_from_uci(pos, token);
-    }
-
-    *cur = MOVE_NONE;
-    limits.time = time[pos.side_to_move()];
-    limits.increment = inc[pos.side_to_move()];
-
-    assert(pos.is_ok());
-
-    return think(pos, limits, searchMoves);
-  }
-
-
-  // perft() is called when engine receives the "perft" command.
-  // The function calls perft() passing the required search depth
-  // then prints counted leaf nodes and elapsed time.
-
-  void perft(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
-
-    int depth, time;
-    int64_t n;
-
-    if (!(up >> depth))
+    if (!(uip >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
         return;
 
-    time = get_system_time();
+    if (token == "startpos")
+        RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
+    else if (token == "fen")
+    {
+        string fen;
+        while (uip >> token && token != "moves")
+        {
+            fen += token;
+            fen += ' ';
+        }
+        RootPosition.from_fen(fen);
+    }
 
-    n = perft(pos, depth * ONE_PLY);
+    if (uip.good())
+    {
+        if (token != "moves")
+          uip >> token;
 
-    time = get_system_time() - time;
+        if (token == "moves")
+        {
+            Move move;
+            StateInfo st;
+            while (uip >> token)
+            {
+                move = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
+                RootPosition.do_move(move, st);
+                if (RootPosition.rule_50_counter() == 0)
+                    RootPosition.reset_game_ply();
+            }
+            // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope so copy
+            // its content inside RootPosition before they disappear.
+            RootPosition.saveState();
+        }
+    }
+  }
 
+
+  // set_option() is called when Stockfish receives the "setoption" UCI
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
+  // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
+  // ("setoption"), and is ready to read the second token ("name", if
+  // the input is well-formed).
+
+  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+
+    string token, name, value;
+
+    if (!(uip >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+        return;
+
+    if (token == "name" && uip >> name)
+    {
+        while (uip >> token && token != "value")
+            name += (" " + token);
+
+        if (token == "value" && uip >> value)
+        {
+            while (uip >> token)
+                value += (" " + token);
+
+            set_option_value(name, value);
+        } else
+            push_button(name);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command. The
+  // input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed that this
+  // parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command ("go"),
+  // and is ready to read the second token. The function sets the
+  // thinking time and other parameters from the input string, and
+  // calls think() (defined in search.cpp) with the appropriate
+  // parameters. Returns false if a quit command is received while
+  // thinking, returns true otherwise.
+
+  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+
+    string token;
+
+    int time[2] = {0, 0}, inc[2] = {0, 0};
+    int movesToGo = 0, depth = 0, nodes = 0, moveTime = 0;
+    bool infinite = false, ponder = false;
+    Move searchMoves[500];
+
+    searchMoves[0] = MOVE_NONE;
+
+    while (uip >> token)
+    {
+        if (token == "infinite")
+            infinite = true;
+        else if (token == "ponder")
+            ponder = true;
+        else if (token == "wtime")
+            uip >> time[0];
+        else if (token == "btime")
+            uip >> time[1];
+        else if (token == "winc")
+            uip >> inc[0];
+        else if (token == "binc")
+            uip >> inc[1];
+        else if (token == "movestogo")
+            uip >> movesToGo;
+        else if (token == "depth")
+            uip >> depth;
+        else if (token == "nodes")
+            uip >> nodes;
+        else if (token == "movetime")
+            uip >> moveTime;
+        else if (token == "searchmoves")
+        {
+            int numOfMoves = 0;
+            while (uip >> token)
+                searchMoves[numOfMoves++] = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
+
+            searchMoves[numOfMoves] = MOVE_NONE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert(RootPosition.is_ok());
+
+    return think(RootPosition, infinite, ponder, RootPosition.side_to_move(),
+                 time, inc, movesToGo, depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
+  }
+
+  void perft(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+
+    string token;
+    int depth, tm, n;
+    Position pos = RootPosition;
+
+    if (!(uip >> depth))
+        return;
+
+    tm = get_system_time();
+
+    n = perft(pos, depth * OnePly);
+
+    tm = get_system_time() - tm;
     std::cout << "\nNodes " << n
-              << "\nTime (ms) " << time
-              << "\nNodes/second " << int(n / (time / 1000.0)) << std::endl;
+              << "\nTime (ms) " << tm
+              << "\nNodes/second " << (int)(n/(tm/1000.0)) << std::endl;
   }
 }

src/uci.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(UCI_H_INCLUDED)
+#define UCI_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern void uci_main_loop();
+
+
+#endif // !defined(UCI_H_INCLUDED)

src/ucioption.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,88 +17,192 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#include <cctype>
-#include <iostream>
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
 #include <sstream>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using std::string;
-using std::cout;
-using std::endl;
 
-OptionsMap Options; // Global object
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
 
+namespace {
 
-// Our case insensitive less() function as required by UCI protocol
-bool CaseInsensitiveLess::operator() (const string& s1, const string& s2) const {
+  ///
+  /// Types
+  ///
 
-  int c1, c2;
-  size_t i = 0;
+  enum OptionType { SPIN, COMBO, CHECK, STRING, BUTTON };
 
-  while (i < s1.size() && i < s2.size())
-  {
-      c1 = tolower(s1[i]);
-      c2 = tolower(s2[i++]);
+  typedef std::vector<string> ComboValues;
 
-      if (c1 != c2)
-          return c1 < c2;
+  struct Option {
+
+    string name, defaultValue, currentValue;
+    OptionType type;
+    size_t idx;
+    int minValue, maxValue;
+    ComboValues comboValues;
+
+    Option();
+    Option(const char* defaultValue, OptionType = STRING);
+    Option(bool defaultValue, OptionType = CHECK);
+    Option(int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
+
+    bool operator<(const Option& o) const { return this->idx < o.idx; }
+  };
+
+  typedef std::map<string, Option> Options;
+
+  ///
+  /// Constants
+  ///
+
+  // load_defaults populates the options map with the hard
+  // coded names and default values.
+
+  void load_defaults(Options& o) {
+
+    o["Use Search Log"] = Option(false);
+    o["Search Log Filename"] = Option("SearchLog.txt");
+    o["Book File"] = Option("book.bin");
+    o["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Mobility (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Pawn Structure (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Pawn Structure (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Passed Pawns (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Space"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Aggressiveness"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Cowardice"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["King Safety Curve"] = Option("Quadratic", COMBO);
+
+       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Quadratic");
+       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Linear");  /*, "From File"*/
+
+    o["King Safety Coefficient"] = Option(40, 1, 100);
+    o["King Safety X Intercept"] = Option(0, 0, 20);
+    o["King Safety Max Slope"] = Option(30, 10, 100);
+    o["King Safety Max Value"] = Option(500, 100, 1000);
+    o["Queen Contact Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
+    o["Queen Check Bonus"] = Option(2, 0, 4);
+    o["Rook Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
+    o["Bishop Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
+    o["Knight Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
+    o["Discovered Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
+    o["Mate Threat Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
+    o["Check Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Check Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Single Reply Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Full Depth Moves (PV nodes)"] = Option(10, 1, 100);
+    o["Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(3, 1, 100);
+    o["Threat Depth"] = Option(5, 0, 100);
+    o["Randomness"] = Option(0, 0, 10);
+    o["Minimum Split Depth"] = Option(4, 4, 7);
+    o["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4, 8);
+    o["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, THREAD_MAX);
+    o["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 8192);
+    o["Clear Hash"] = Option(false, BUTTON);
+    o["New Game"] = Option(false, BUTTON);
+    o["Ponder"] = Option(true);
+    o["OwnBook"] = Option(true);
+    o["MultiPV"] = Option(1, 1, 500);
+    o["UCI_ShowCurrLine"] = Option(false);
+    o["UCI_Chess960"] = Option(false);
+    o["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = Option(false);
+
+    // Any option should know its name so to be easily printed
+    for (Options::iterator it = o.begin(); it != o.end(); ++it)
+        it->second.name = it->first;
   }
-  return s1.size() < s2.size();
+
+  ///
+  /// Variables
+  ///
+
+  Options options;
+
+  // stringify converts a value of type T to a std::string
+  template<typename T>
+  string stringify(const T& v) {
+
+     std::ostringstream ss;
+     ss << v;
+     return ss.str();
+  }
+
+
+  // get_option_value implements the various get_option_value_<type>
+  // functions defined later, because only the option value
+  // type changes a template seems a proper solution.
+
+  template<typename T>
+  T get_option_value(const string& optionName) {
+
+      T ret = T();
+      if (options.find(optionName) == options.end())
+          return ret;
+
+      std::istringstream ss(options[optionName].currentValue);
+      ss >> ret;
+      return ret;
+  }
+
+  // Specialization for std::string where instruction 'ss >> ret;'
+  // would erroneusly tokenize a string with spaces.
+
+  template<>
+  string get_option_value<string>(const string& optionName) {
+
+      if (options.find(optionName) == options.end())
+          return string();
+
+      return options[optionName].currentValue;
+  }
+
 }
 
+////
+//// Functions
+////
 
-// stringify() converts a numeric value of type T to a std::string
-template<typename T>
-static string stringify(const T& v) {
+/// init_uci_options() initializes the UCI options.  Currently, the only
+/// thing this function does is to initialize the default value of the
+/// "Threads" parameter to the number of available CPU cores.
 
-  std::ostringstream ss;
-  ss << v;
-  return ss.str();
-}
+void init_uci_options() {
 
+  load_defaults(options);
 
-/// OptionsMap c'tor initializes the UCI options to their hard coded default
-/// values and initializes the default value of "Threads" and "Minimum Split Depth"
-/// parameters according to the number of CPU cores.
+  // Set optimal value for parameter "Minimum Split Depth"
+  // according to number of available cores.
+  assert(options.find("Threads") != options.end());
+  assert(options.find("Minimum Split Depth") != options.end());
 
-OptionsMap::OptionsMap() {
-
-  OptionsMap& o = *this;
-
-  o["Use Search Log"] = UCIOption(false);
-  o["Search Log Filename"] = UCIOption("SearchLog.txt");
-  o["Book File"] = UCIOption("book.bin");
-  o["Best Book Move"] = UCIOption(false);
-  o["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Mobility (Endgame)"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Passed Pawns (Middle Game)"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Space"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Aggressiveness"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Cowardice"] = UCIOption(100, 0, 200);
-  o["Minimum Split Depth"] = UCIOption(4, 4, 7);
-  o["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = UCIOption(5, 4, 8);
-  o["Threads"] = UCIOption(1, 1, MAX_THREADS);
-  o["Use Sleeping Threads"] = UCIOption(false);
-  o["Hash"] = UCIOption(32, 4, 8192);
-  o["Clear Hash"] = UCIOption(false, "button");
-  o["Ponder"] = UCIOption(true);
-  o["OwnBook"] = UCIOption(true);
-  o["MultiPV"] = UCIOption(1, 1, 500);
-  o["Skill Level"] = UCIOption(20, 0, 20);
-  o["Emergency Move Horizon"] = UCIOption(40, 0, 50);
-  o["Emergency Base Time"] = UCIOption(200, 0, 30000);
-  o["Emergency Move Time"] = UCIOption(70, 0, 5000);
-  o["Minimum Thinking Time"] = UCIOption(20, 0, 5000);
-  o["UCI_Chess960"] = UCIOption(false);
-  o["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = UCIOption(false);
-
-  // Set some SMP parameters accordingly to the detected CPU count
-  UCIOption& thr = o["Threads"];
-  UCIOption& msd = o["Minimum Split Depth"];
+  Option& thr = options["Threads"];
+  Option& msd = options["Minimum Split Depth"];
 
   thr.defaultValue = thr.currentValue = stringify(cpu_count());
 
@@ -107,64 +211,151 @@ OptionsMap::OptionsMap() {
 }
 
 
-/// OptionsMap::print_all() returns a string with all the UCI options in chronological
-/// insertion order (the idx field) and in the format defined by the UCI protocol.
+/// print_uci_options() prints all the UCI options to the standard output,
+/// in the format defined by the UCI protocol.
 
-string OptionsMap::print_all() const {
+void print_uci_options() {
 
-  std::stringstream s;
+  static const char optionTypeName[][16] = {
+    "spin", "combo", "check", "string", "button"
+  };
 
-  for (size_t i = 0; i <= size(); i++)
-      for (OptionsMap::const_iterator it = begin(); it != end(); ++it)
-          if (it->second.idx == i)
-          {
-              const UCIOption& o = it->second;
-              s << "\noption name " << it->first << " type " << o.type;
+  // Build up a vector out of the options map and sort it according to idx
+  // field, that is the chronological insertion order in options map.
+  std::vector<Option> vec;
+  for (Options::const_iterator it = options.begin(); it != options.end(); ++it)
+      vec.push_back(it->second);
 
-              if (o.type != "button")
-                  s << " default " << o.defaultValue;
+  std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
 
-              if (o.type == "spin")
-                  s << " min " << o.minValue << " max " << o.maxValue;
+  for (std::vector<Option>::const_iterator it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it)
+  {
+      std::cout << "\noption name " << it->name
+                << " type "         << optionTypeName[it->type];
 
-              break;
-          }
-  return s.str();
+      if (it->type == BUTTON)
+          continue;
+
+      if (it->type == CHECK)
+          std::cout << " default " << (it->defaultValue == "1" ? "true" : "false");
+      else
+          std::cout << " default " << it->defaultValue;
+
+      if (it->type == SPIN)
+          std::cout << " min " << it->minValue << " max " << it->maxValue;
+      else if (it->type == COMBO)
+          for (ComboValues::const_iterator itc = it->comboValues.begin();
+              itc != it->comboValues.end(); ++itc)
+              std::cout << " var " << *itc;
+  }
+  std::cout << std::endl;
 }
 
 
-/// Option class c'tors
+/// get_option_value_bool() returns the current value of a UCI parameter of
+/// type "check".
 
-UCIOption::UCIOption(const char* def) : type("string"), minValue(0), maxValue(0), idx(Options.size())
-{ defaultValue = currentValue = def; }
+bool get_option_value_bool(const string& optionName) {
 
-UCIOption::UCIOption(bool def, string t) : type(t), minValue(0), maxValue(0), idx(Options.size())
-{ defaultValue = currentValue = (def ? "true" : "false"); }
-
-UCIOption::UCIOption(int def, int minv, int maxv) : type("spin"), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv), idx(Options.size())
-{ defaultValue = currentValue = stringify(def); }
+  return get_option_value<bool>(optionName);
+}
 
 
-/// set_value() updates currentValue of the Option object. Normally it's up to
-/// the GUI to check for option's limits, but we could receive the new value
-/// directly from the user by teminal window. So let's check the bounds anyway.
+/// get_option_value_int() returns the value of a UCI parameter as an integer.
+/// Normally, this function will be used for a parameter of type "spin", but
+/// it could also be used with a "combo" parameter, where all the available
+/// values are integers.
 
-void UCIOption::set_value(const string& v) {
+int get_option_value_int(const string& optionName) {
 
-  assert(!type.empty());
+  return get_option_value<int>(optionName);
+}
 
-  if (v.empty())
+
+/// get_option_value_string() returns the current value of a UCI parameter as
+/// a string. It is used with parameters of type "combo" and "string".
+
+string get_option_value_string(const string& optionName) {
+
+   return get_option_value<string>(optionName);
+}
+
+
+/// set_option_value() inserts a new value for a UCI parameter. Note that
+/// the function does not check that the new value is legal for the given
+/// parameter: This is assumed to be the responsibility of the GUI.
+
+void set_option_value(const string& name, const string& value) {
+
+  // UCI protocol uses "true" and "false" instead of "1" and "0", so convert
+  // value according to standard C++ convention before to store it.
+  string v(value);
+  if (v == "true")
+      v = "1";
+  else if (v == "false")
+      v = "0";
+
+  if (options.find(name) == options.end())
+  {
+      std::cout << "No such option: " << name << std::endl;
+      return;
+  }
+
+  // Normally it's up to the GUI to check for option's limits,
+  // but we could receive the new value directly from the user
+  // by teminal window. So let's check the bounds anyway.
+  Option& opt = options[name];
+
+  if (opt.type == CHECK && v != "0" && v != "1")
       return;
 
-  if ((type == "check" || type == "button") != (v == "true" || v == "false"))
-      return;
-
-  if (type == "spin")
+  else if (opt.type == SPIN)
   {
       int val = atoi(v.c_str());
-      if (val < minValue || val > maxValue)
+      if (val < opt.minValue || val > opt.maxValue)
           return;
   }
 
-  currentValue = v;
+  opt.currentValue = v;
+}
+
+
+/// push_button() is used to tell the engine that a UCI parameter of type
+/// "button" has been selected:
+
+void push_button(const string& buttonName) {
+
+  set_option_value(buttonName, "true");
+}
+
+
+/// button_was_pressed() tests whether a UCI parameter of type "button" has
+/// been selected since the last time the function was called, in this case
+/// it also resets the button.
+
+bool button_was_pressed(const string& buttonName) {
+
+  if (!get_option_value<bool>(buttonName))
+	  return false;
+
+  set_option_value(buttonName, "false");
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+namespace {
+
+  // Define constructors of Option class.
+
+  Option::Option() {} // To allow insertion in a std::map
+
+  Option::Option(const char* def, OptionType t)
+  : defaultValue(def), currentValue(def), type(t), idx(options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
+
+  Option::Option(bool def, OptionType t)
+  : defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(t), idx(options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
+
+  Option::Option(int def, int minv, int maxv)
+  : defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(SPIN), idx(options.size()), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv) {}
+
 }

src/ucioption.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,69 +17,28 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+
 #if !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)
 #define UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <map>
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
 #include <string>
 
-class UCIOption {
-public:
-  UCIOption() {} // To be used in a std::map
-  UCIOption(const char* defaultValue);
-  UCIOption(bool defaultValue, std::string type = "check");
-  UCIOption(int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
 
-  void set_value(const std::string& v);
-  template<typename T> T value() const;
+extern void init_uci_options();
+extern void print_uci_options();
+extern bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName);
+extern int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName);
+extern std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName);
+extern bool button_was_pressed(const std::string& buttonName);
+extern void set_option_value(const std::string& optionName,const std::string& newValue);
+extern void push_button(const std::string& buttonName);
 
-private:
-  friend class OptionsMap;
-
-  std::string defaultValue, currentValue, type;
-  int minValue, maxValue;
-  size_t idx;
-};
-
-
-/// Custom comparator because UCI options should not be case sensitive
-struct CaseInsensitiveLess {
-  bool operator() (const std::string&, const std::string&) const;
-};
-
-
-/// Our options container is actually a map with a customized c'tor
-class OptionsMap : public std::map<std::string, UCIOption, CaseInsensitiveLess> {
-public:
-  OptionsMap();
-  std::string print_all() const;
-};
-
-extern OptionsMap Options;
-
-
-/// Option::value() definition and specializations
-template<typename T>
-T UCIOption::value() const {
-
-  assert(type == "spin");
-  return T(atoi(currentValue.c_str()));
-}
-
-template<>
-inline std::string UCIOption::value<std::string>() const {
-
-  assert(type == "string");
-  return currentValue;
-}
-
-template<>
-inline bool UCIOption::value<bool>() const {
-
-  assert(type == "check" || type == "button");
-  return currentValue == "true";
-}
 
 #endif // !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)

src/value.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "value.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+/// value_to_tt() adjusts a mate score from "plies to mate from the root" to
+/// "plies to mate from the current ply".  Non-mate scores are unchanged.
+/// The function is called before storing a value to the transposition table.
+
+Value value_to_tt(Value v, int ply) {
+  if(v >= value_mate_in(100))
+    return v + ply;
+  else if(v <= value_mated_in(100))
+    return v - ply;
+  else
+    return v;
+}
+
+
+/// value_from_tt() is the inverse of value_to_tt():  It adjusts a mate score
+/// from the transposition table to a mate score corrected for the current
+/// ply depth.
+
+Value value_from_tt(Value v, int ply) {
+  if(v >= value_mate_in(100))
+    return v - ply;
+  else if(v <= value_mated_in(100))
+    return v + ply;
+  else
+    return v;
+}
+
+
+/// value_to_centipawns() converts a value from Stockfish's somewhat unusual
+/// scale of pawn = 256 to the more conventional pawn = 100.
+
+int value_to_centipawns(Value v) {
+  return (int(v) * 100) / int(PawnValueMidgame);
+}
+
+
+/// value_from_centipawns() converts a centipawn value to Stockfish's internal
+/// evaluation scale.  It's used when reading the values of UCI options
+/// containing material values (e.g. futility pruning margins).
+
+Value value_from_centipawns(int cp) {
+  return Value((cp * 256) / 100);
+}
+
+
+/// value_to_string() converts a value to a string suitable for use with the
+/// UCI protocol.
+
+const std::string value_to_string(Value v) {
+  std::stringstream s;
+
+  if(abs(v) < VALUE_MATE - 200)
+    s << "cp " << value_to_centipawns(v);
+  else {
+    s << "mate ";
+    if(v > 0)
+      s << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
+    else
+      s << -(VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
+  }
+  return s.str();
+}

src/value.h

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(VALUE_H_INCLUDED)
+#define VALUE_H_INCLUDED
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "piece.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+enum ValueType {
+  VALUE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
+  VALUE_TYPE_UPPER = 1,  // Upper bound
+  VALUE_TYPE_LOWER = 2,  // Lower bound
+  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = 3,  // Exact score
+  VALUE_TYPE_EVAL  = 4,  // Evaluation cache
+  VALUE_TYPE_EV_UP = 5,  // Evaluation cache for upper bound
+  VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO = 6   // Evaluation cache for lower bound
+};
+
+
+enum Value {
+  VALUE_DRAW = 0,
+  VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 15000,
+  VALUE_MATE = 30000,
+  VALUE_INFINITE = 30001,
+  VALUE_NONE = 30002,
+  VALUE_ENSURE_SIGNED = -1
+};
+
+
+/// Score enum keeps a midgame and an endgame value in a single
+/// integer (enum), first LSB 16 bits are used to store endgame
+/// value, while upper bits are used for midgame value.
+
+// Compiler is free to choose the enum type as long as can keep
+// its data, so ensure Score to be an integer type.
+enum Score { ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_P = (1 << 16), ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_N = -(1 << 16)};
+
+// Extracting the _signed_ lower and upper 16 bits it not so trivial
+// because according to the standard a simple cast to short is
+// implementation defined and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
+inline Value mg_value(Score s) { return Value(((int(s) + 32768) & ~0xffff) / 0x10000); }
+
+// Unfortunatly on Intel 64 bit we have a small speed regression, so use a faster code in
+// this case, although not 100% standard compliant it seems to work for Intel and MSVC.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value(int16_t(s & 0xffff)); }
+#else
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value((int)(unsigned(s) & 0x7fffu) - (int)(unsigned(s) & 0x8000u)); }
+#endif
+
+inline Score make_score(int mg, int eg) { return Score((mg << 16) + eg); }
+
+inline Score operator-(Score s) { return Score(-int(s)); }
+inline Score operator+(Score s1, Score s2) { return Score(int(s1) + int(s2)); }
+inline Score operator-(Score s1, Score s2) { return Score(int(s1) - int(s2)); }
+inline void operator+=(Score& s1, Score s2) { s1 = Score(int(s1) + int(s2)); }
+inline void operator-=(Score& s1, Score s2) { s1 = Score(int(s1) - int(s2)); }
+inline Score operator*(int i, Score s) { return Score(i * int(s)); }
+
+// Division must be handled separately for each term
+inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) { return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i); }
+
+// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
+// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
+inline Score operator*(Score s1, Score s2);
+
+
+////
+//// Constants and variables
+////
+
+/// Piece values, middle game and endgame
+
+/// Important: If the material values are changed, one must also
+/// adjust the piece square tables, and the method game_phase() in the
+/// Position class!
+///
+/// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
+
+const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
+const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
+const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
+const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
+const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
+const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
+const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
+const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
+const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
+const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
+
+const Value PieceValueMidgame[17] = {
+  Value(0),
+  PawnValueMidgame, KnightValueMidgame, BishopValueMidgame,
+  RookValueMidgame, QueenValueMidgame,
+  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0),
+  PawnValueMidgame, KnightValueMidgame, BishopValueMidgame,
+  RookValueMidgame, QueenValueMidgame,
+  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0)
+};
+
+const Value PieceValueEndgame[17] = {
+  Value(0),
+  PawnValueEndgame, KnightValueEndgame, BishopValueEndgame,
+  RookValueEndgame, QueenValueEndgame,
+  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0),
+  PawnValueEndgame, KnightValueEndgame, BishopValueEndgame,
+  RookValueEndgame, QueenValueEndgame,
+  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0)
+};
+
+/// Bonus for having the side to move (modified by Joona Kiiski)
+
+const Score TempoValue = make_score(48, 22);
+
+
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline Value operator+ (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) + i); }
+inline Value operator+ (Value v1, Value v2) { return Value(int(v1) + int(v2)); }
+inline void operator+= (Value &v1, Value v2) {
+  v1 = Value(int(v1) + int(v2));
+}
+inline Value operator- (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) - i); }
+inline Value operator- (Value v) { return Value(-int(v)); }
+inline Value operator- (Value v1, Value v2) { return Value(int(v1) - int(v2)); }
+inline void operator-= (Value &v1, Value v2) {
+  v1 = Value(int(v1) - int(v2));
+}
+inline Value operator* (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) * i); }
+inline void operator*= (Value &v, int i) { v = Value(int(v) * i); }
+inline Value operator* (int i, Value v) { return Value(int(v) * i); }
+inline Value operator/ (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) / i); }
+inline void operator/= (Value &v, int i) { v = Value(int(v) / i); }
+
+
+inline Value value_mate_in(int ply) {
+  return Value(VALUE_MATE - Value(ply));
+}
+
+inline Value value_mated_in(int ply) {
+  return Value(-VALUE_MATE + Value(ply));
+}
+
+inline bool is_upper_bound(ValueType vt) {
+  return (int(vt) & int(VALUE_TYPE_UPPER)) != 0;
+}
+
+inline bool is_lower_bound(ValueType vt) {
+  return (int(vt) & int(VALUE_TYPE_LOWER)) != 0;
+}
+
+inline Value piece_value_midgame(PieceType pt) {
+  return PieceValueMidgame[pt];
+}
+
+inline Value piece_value_endgame(PieceType pt) {
+  return PieceValueEndgame[pt];
+}
+
+inline Value piece_value_midgame(Piece p) {
+  return PieceValueMidgame[p];
+}
+
+inline Value piece_value_endgame(Piece p) {
+  return PieceValueEndgame[p];
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Prototypes
+////
+
+extern Value value_to_tt(Value v, int ply);
+extern Value value_from_tt(Value v, int ply);
+extern int value_to_centipawns(Value v);
+extern Value value_from_centipawns(int cp);
+extern const std::string value_to_string(Value v);
+
+
+#endif // !defined(VALUE_H_INCLUDED)