refactor(cmd): use std runtime package to get go version info (#7964)

* refactor(cmd): use std `runtime` package to get go version info

- Remove the `GoVersion` variable.
- Remove overriding `GoVersion` by ldflags in `build.sh`.
- Get go version, OS and arch from the constants in the std `runtime` package instead of compile time.

* chore(ci): remove `GoVersion` flag from workflows

Remove GoVersion flag from beta_release.yml and build.yml workflows.

> Reduce compile-time dependencies.

internal/conf/var.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 
 var (
 	BuiltAt    string
-	GoVersion  string
 	GitAuthor  string
 	GitCommit  string
 	Version    string = "dev"