diff --git a/src/bitboard.h b/src/bitboard.h
index a813ea12..7ae1effd 100644
--- a/src/bitboard.h
+++ b/src/bitboard.h
@@ -107,22 +107,27 @@ extern Magic BishopMagics[SQUARE_NB];
 /// whether a given bit is set in a bitboard, and for setting and clearing bits.
 
 inline Bitboard operator&(Bitboard b, Square s) {
+  assert(s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8);
   return b & SquareBB[s];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard operator|(Bitboard b, Square s) {
+  assert(s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8);
   return b | SquareBB[s];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard operator^(Bitboard b, Square s) {
+  assert(s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8);
   return b ^ SquareBB[s];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard& operator|=(Bitboard& b, Square s) {
+  assert(s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8);
   return b |= SquareBB[s];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard& operator^=(Bitboard& b, Square s) {
+  assert(s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8);
   return b ^= SquareBB[s];
 }
 
diff --git a/src/pawns.cpp b/src/pawns.cpp
index 6664742e..3e926005 100644
--- a/src/pawns.cpp
+++ b/src/pawns.cpp
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ Value Entry::evaluate_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
 
   enum { Unopposed, BlockedByPawn, Unblocked };
   constexpr Color     Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
-  constexpr Direction Up   = (Us == WHITE ? NORTH : SOUTH);
-  constexpr Bitboard  BlockRanks = (Us == WHITE ? Rank2BB | Rank3BB : Rank7BB | Rank6BB);
+  constexpr Direction Down = (Us == WHITE ? SOUTH : NORTH);
+  constexpr Bitboard  BlockRanks = (Us == WHITE ? Rank1BB | Rank2BB : Rank8BB | Rank7BB);
 
   Bitboard b = pos.pieces(PAWN) & (forward_ranks_bb(Us, ksq) | rank_bb(ksq));
   Bitboard ourPawns = b & pos.pieces(Us);
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ Value Entry::evaluate_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
 
   Value safety = (ourPawns & file_bb(ksq)) ? Value(5) : Value(-5);
 
-  if ((theirPawns & (FileABB | FileHBB) & BlockRanks) & (ksq + Up))
+  if ((shift<Down>(theirPawns) & (FileABB | FileHBB) & BlockRanks) & ksq)
       safety += 374;
 
   File center = std::max(FILE_B, std::min(FILE_G, file_of(ksq)));