opt: flutter升至3.24.0，附带更新依赖，将appscheme替换为applinks

.github/workflows/CI.yml

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ jobs:
         if: steps.cache-flutter.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2
         with:
-            flutter-version: 3.16.5
+            flutter-version: 3.24.0
             channel: any
 
       - name: 下载项目依赖
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2.10.0
         with:
           cache: true
-          flutter-version: 3.16.5
+          flutter-version: 3.24.0
 
       - name: 更新版本号
         id: version